八年级下Unit10 I’ve had this bike for three years课件

before/agobefore和ago都能表示在一段时间以前，但是二者的内涵和具体用法有明显的区别：1.before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前，由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前，因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。例如：Icalledhimuplastnight,buthismothertoldmehehadleftforWuhantwodaysbefore.②Shesaidthatshehadmarriedhimfiveyearsbefore.2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，before意为从前；以前，表示从现在开始追溯到过去一段时间，或者主句的谓语动词表示的是经常、反复发生的行为，以副词的形式置于句末，可以用在现在完成时态中。例如：①IhaveneverbeentoBeijingbefore.②Haveyoueverseenatigerbefore?③IoftengooverthelessonsthatIhavelearnedafewdaysbefore.注意：before前的时间状语如果是特定的，含义不一样。试比较：Hesaidhehadarrivedhereadaybefore.(一天前)Hesaidhehadarrivedherethedaybefore.(前一天)3.ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。例如：①Igraduatedfromthecollegetwentyyearsago.②IwasaskedwhatIwasdoingamonthago.4.表示在某一时间点或事件以前时，只能用before，不用ago。因为这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这种功能。例如：①Hewillcomebackbeforeeleveno'clock.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavekeptthebookfor4months.method2:Itis+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.Itis2yearssincehisgrandpadied.Itis3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.ItisalongtimesinceheleftShenzhen.Itis4monthssinceIborrowedthebook.他参军五年了。HejoinedtheArmyfiveyearsago.——HehasbeenintheArmyforfiveyears.——HehasbeenintheArmymemberforfiveyears.——itisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheArmy电影开始五分钟了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.——Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.——Thefilmhasbeenonsincefiveminutesago.——Itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan.toybear玩具熊breadmaker面包机scarfn.围巾复数为：scarvessofttoys毛绒玩具boardgames棋类游戏howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfarHowlong多久,多长(时间)。对时间段提问,如:for+时间段；since+过去的时间点/时间段+ago/一般过去时的句子。e.g.--HowlonghaveyouworkedinBeijing?--Forfiveyears.1.--Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?--Ihavehaditforthreeyears.Howsoon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问,常用于一般将来时”,其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g.--HowsoonwillMr.Libeback?--Inaweek.Howoften多久一次,对频率提问,其答语为:once(twice/…)+时间段,always,usually等。e.g.--Howoftendoyouexercise?--Onceaday.Howfar多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g.--Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?--Threekilometers.Samgotsicktwodaysago.Samhasbeensickfortwodays.Lilygotherdriver’slicense(执照)in1999.Lilyhashadherdriver’slicensesince(自从)1999.Samhasbeensicksincetwodaysago.=JimstartedtoplaytennisinJanuary.JimhasplayedtennissinceJanuary.MarymovedtoHawaiiin1996.MaryhaslivedinHawaiiforabout18years.I_________inMa’anMiddleSchoolsince18yearsago.(work)haveworked=I_________inMa’anMiddleSchoolfor18years.(work)haveworked现在完成时二:用法2:现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还将持续下去。简称“延续用法”.1）常与for,since引导的时间段的时间状语连用.since,for的用法:2）动词使用延续性动词。此用法需注意两点：因为瞬间动词在肯定句、since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.疑问句中不能和时间段连用.since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.在现在完成时态中，for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。3)since+从句(句子要用一般过去时态）ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。用for和since填空。______threehours______threeo’clock______twodays______yesterdayafternoon______Icamehere______lastSunday_______aweek_______alongtime_______1997______twoweeks_______threeyearsago_______lastmonthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince在现在完成时中短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用。为了表述这种意思，我们常将短暂性动词转变成相应的延续性动词来代替非延续性动词，或变成：Itis+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类：短暂动词be+adj.diefinishopen/closefallill/asleepmarrysb/getmarriedto第二类：短暂动词be+介词.start/beginleavejoinbedeadbeawayfrombein/beamemberofbeopen/closedbeonbeoverbeill/asleepbemarriedto第三类：短暂动词另一个动词buyborrowbecomeputonkeephavebewear巧记瞬间性动词的转换“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，开开关关变结束。”1beginbeon6returnbeback2leavebeawayfrom7joinbein3gobeoff8diebedead4borrowkeep9buyhave5comebehere10arrivebehere10reachbehere11putonwear12fallasleepbeasleep13catchacoldhaveacold14openbeopen15closebeclosed16becomebe17end/finishbeoverA:Howlonghaveyoustudiedinthisschool?B:I__________(study)inthisschoolfor2years.havestudied=I__________(study)inthisschool____2years___.havestudiedsinceagoItistwoyears______IstudiedEnglish.since()1.---Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?---___.A.SincelastmonthB.LastmonthagoC.LastmonthbeforeD.Lastmonth()2.Hisfather___thecomputerfortwoyears.A.hasboughtB.hashadC.boughtD.havehad()3.---Howlonghaveyou_____thebook?---I_________itsincetwodaysago.A.borrowed,haveborrowedB.keep,havekeptC.kept,havekeptD.kept,kept()4.Wehavebeengoodfriendssincewe___eachotherfiveyearsago.A.knewB.haveknownC.gotoknowD.knowABCA=I’vehadthisbikesincethreeyearsago.=It’sthreeyearssinceIboughtthisbike.=Iboughtthisbikethreeyearsago.Yardsale庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yardsale，也可译作“家庭拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得yardsale广受欢迎，逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。1bListenandcheck(√)thefactsyouhear._____Jeff’sfamilyishavingayardsale._____Amythinksit’shardtosellheroldthings._____Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years._____Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories._____Youcanalsog