halloween万圣节课件[1]

ContentsTheOriginofHalloweenTheTraditions:Food&CostumeJack-o'-lanternTrickorTreatCompetiton&PunishmentThetheoriginofHalloweenHalloween,orHallowe’en,isaholidaycelebratedonOctober31.IrishimmigrantscarriedversionsofthetraditiontoNorthAmericainthenineteenthcentury.Otherwesterncountriesembracedtheholidayinthelatetwentiethcentury.HalloweeniscelebratedinseveralcountriesoftheWesternworld,mostcommonlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,Ireland,Japan,NewZealand,UnitedKingdomandoccasionallyinpartsofAustralia.TheancientGaelsbelievedthatonOctober31,nowknownasHalloween,theboundarybetweenthealiveandthedeceased(死亡)dissolved(消失),andthedeadbecomedangerousforthelivingbycausingproblemssuchassicknessordamagedcrops.Thefestivalswouldfrequentlyinvolvebonfires(营火),intowhichbonesofslaughteredlivestockwerethrown.Costumesandmaskswerealsowornatthefestivalsinanattempttomimic(模仿)theevilspiritsorplacate(安抚,平息)them.HalloweenhasitsoriginsintheancientCeltic(凯尔特人)festivalknownasSamhain(萨温节).ThefestivalofSamhainisacelebrationoftheendoftheharvestseasoninGaelic(盖尔族的,盖尔语的)culture,andissometimesregardedastheCelticNewYear.Traditionally,thefestivalwasatimeusedbytheancientpagans(异教徒,非基督教徒,没有宗教信仰的人)totakestockof(估计,观察)suppliesandslaughterlivestock(家畜)forwinterstores.SymbolsofHalloweenModerndayHalloweencelebrationsusemanysymbolstohelpmaketheholidaymorefestive………Someoftheseinclude…………現代人用許多東西來慶祝萬聖節，讓這個節日變得更有趣。你知道是哪些東西嗎？SymbolsofHalloweenModerndayHalloweencelebrationsusemanysymbolstohelpmaketheholidaymorefestive………Someoftheseinclude…………現代人用許多東西來慶祝萬聖節，讓這個節日變得更有趣。你知道是哪些東西嗎？Becausebatsonlyflyatnightandliveintombs,caves,andabandonedchurchesandbuildings,theyarebelievedtobeomensofevil.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithwitchesandvampires.Itissuperstitionthatwitchesandvampirescantaketheformofabat.Sincethevampirebatistheonlymammalthatfeedsonblood,theyareoftenlinkedtodeathandoccultrituals.BATS蝙蝠是其中一項，因為蝙蝠只住在墳墓，洞穴和廢棄的教堂或建築物中，又因為蝙蝠常令人聯想到女巫或吸血鬼，因此他們被視為邪惡的象徵。在傳說中，女巫和吸血鬼可以化身成蝙蝠，又因為吸血蝙蝠是唯一一種飲血維生的哺乳類動物，因此蝙蝠常讓人聯想到死亡或邪惡的儀式。WITCHESWitcheswerethoughttobetellersoffortuneandtocastspells,bothgoodandbad.ThisfrightenedmanybecauseitwasbelievedthatthesepowerswerestrongestonHalloweennight.Theimageofawitchhasgreatlychangedoverthecenturies.Oncethoughtofasold,wrinkled,greenskinnedhags,manypeopleassociatewitchcrafttoeitherevilorasbeingwise.女巫因為會算命又會下好咒語和壞咒語，人們相信女巫們的能力在10月31日這天會最強，所以讓很多人很害怕她們。幾世紀以來，女巫的形象改變許多，以前人們認為，女巫都是綠皮膚，長的很老，臉上佈滿皺紋。現在則很多人認為女巫的能力可以是邪惡或具有智慧的。BroomsticksWitchesandbroomsticksgohandinhand.Theyhavebeenassociatedforcenturies.Often,witchesaredepictedridingthemacrossthenightskywithablackcatononeend.ItisbelievedthatbecauseHalloweenoccurredduringtherainyseason,womenusedtheirbroomstickstovaultoverlargepuddlesandtosweepwateroutoftheirpathswhilewalking.Thus,thetwobecameassociated.女巫和掃把形影不離已有幾世紀之久，通常女巫會騎著掃把在夜晚飛行，而她們的同伴黑貓會坐在掃把的另一端陪著她們飛行．會什麼女巫會和掃把形影不離呢？因為在萬聖節那天，通常會下著雨，而女巫們需要用掃把掃掉地上的大水坑，或地上的積水以便行走。OWLSSuperstitionssuggestthatowlsatethesoulsofthedyingbyswoopingtoEarth.Owlsscreechesandtheirglassystareareanomenofdeathanddisaster.Theowlisrarelyseenduringthedayandisassociatedwithnightbehaviors.傳說中，貓頭鷹會從天空俯衝下來吃掉人的靈魂。貓頭鷹的叫聲和眼神讓人聯想到死亡和災難。再者，貓頭鷹很少在白天出現，也都讓人不得不認為他們是屬於黑暗和恐怖。BLACKCATSCats,forcenturies,havebeenconsideredtobespiritualanimalsthathavetheabilitytosensegoodandbadspirits.Westernsuperstitionsdetailthatblackcatsareabletorepresentspiritsorincarnatedhumans,therebylinkingthemtowitchcraft.Blackisalsothecolormostcommonlyassociatedwithevil.從幾世紀前，人們就認為貓是一種有靈性的動物，它們能感應到好或壞的靈魂。西方的傳說裡，有一種說法，黑貓是靈魂的化身。此外，黑色也是邪惡象徵。Ghosts&SkeletonsGhostsareuniversalsymbolsforthedeparted.Skeletonsandbonesaresymbolsofdeathandshortnessoflife.SinceHalloween’soriginslieasthefestivalofthedead,itseemsonlyfittingthatghostsandskeletonswouldbeused.鬼魂是公認的死亡象徵﹔骷髏象徵死亡和短暫的生命。既然萬聖節一開始就是一個鬼節，當然鬼魂和骷髏就理所當然成了萬聖節必見的東西。Spiders&WebsWhilemanyculturesfeelthatthespiderandwebrepresenttheweavingoflife,inreferencetoHalloween,theyrepresentdark,spookyplacesandhauntedhouseslongforgotten.很多文化都視蜘蛛和蜘蛛網為編織生命的象徵，但在萬聖節，他們卻象徵著黑暗，恐怖的地方或長久被遺忘的鬼屋。OtherSymbolsOthersymbolsrelatedtoHalloweenincludethecolorsblackandorange,scarecrows,themoon,vampires,werewolves,andthewearingofmasks.其他還包括了黑色和橘色，烏鴉，月亮，吸血鬼，狼人和面具。MonsterActionsGhostappearsanddisappearsVampiredrinksblood,sleepsincoffinsWitchfliesonabroomWerewolftransformsatfullmoonMummywearsbandagesPirateattacksandstealsfromshipsZombiecomesbackfromdeathWhatdochildrendoatHalloween?•Theytrickandtreat.•Theywearcostumes.•Theywatchscarymovies.Trick-or-treat,Ghosttours,Costumeparties,Visitinghauntedattractions,CarvingJack-o'-lanternsandsoonTraditionFood&CostumeHalloweencostumesaretraditionallythoseofmonsterssuchasghosts,skeletons,witches,anddevils.Costumesarealsobasedonthemesotherthantraditionalhorror,suchasthoseofcharactersfromtelevisionshows,moviesandotherpopcultureicons.FOODSBecausetheholidaycomesinthewakeoftheannualappleharvest,candyapples(alsoknownastoffeeortaffyapples)areacommonHalloweentreatmadebyrollingwholeapplesinastickysugarsyrup,andsometimesrollingtheminnuts.Candyappleswerecommonlygiventochildren.candyappleJack-o'-lanternAjack-o'