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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 新②58课中考真题详解(被动语态)
被动语态一.被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are+动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:willbe+动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+been+动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词二.主动语态变被动语态的变法:口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变bedone,时不变,数格必须随被变。注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。2.主动、被动的句式要一致。3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。三.特殊情况的被动语态:1.带双宾语的被动语态:动词+sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to/for间宾连。1).give/pass/show与介词to搭配。givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.2).buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsbHegavemeabookI____________abookbyhim.Abook_____________mebyhim.Mymothermademeacake.I_________acakebymymotherAcake____________mebymymother.2.带省to的不定式作宾补的被动语态:动词+sb+dosth.口诀:感使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态to回来。动词:make/let/have/see/hear/feel/watchmakesbdosth----sb+be+made+todosthThebossmadetheworkersworkalldayTheworkers____________workalldaybytheboss.3.在see/hear/notice/keep+sb+doingsth句型中变被动语态时,doing不变。IheardTomsingingjustnowTom_______________bymejustnow.4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould_____________________.四.注意事项:1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态:last,have,own…..belongto,suit…fine,2.不及物动词是没有被动语态:happen,takeplace,appear,hold(容纳)3.系动词是没有被动语态:Look,feel,sound,smell,taste….Thedishtastesgood.4.有些词组没有被动语态:sellwell,writewell,ridewell,drivewellThiskindofskirtsellswell.5.need表示需要时,后面常接doing形式表示被动意义,相当于tobedone.Allthecomputersneedrepairing.=Allthecomputersneed_______________.6.在too…to…及enoughto…结构中有时表示被动意义。Theproblemistoodifficulttosolve.动词的语态(一)【2011北京】34.Manyaccidents__bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause答案:B【解析】考查点:本题考查时态和被动语态结合的用法。由lastyear可知要用过去时,由后面的by可知要用被动语态,所以选择答案B。【2011陕西】25.DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina.A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed答案:D【解析】考查点:本题考查被动语态。句意为“酒后驾车在中国是不被允许的”。可知为否定的被动语态,故选D。【2011桂林】38.Manytreesandflowers________inourcityeveryyear.A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplantedD.plants答案:B【解析】语态的用法。根据句意“每年在我们诚实种很多的树和花”,可知manytreesandflowers为动作的承受者,因此用被动语态,其时间状语为everyyear,用一般现在时。因此选B。【河北省2011】44.TheSpringFestivalinJanuaryorFebruary.A.celebratesB.iscelebratedC.celebratedD.wascelebrated答案:B【解析】B考查一般现在时的被动语态,人们在一月或二月庆祝春节,是个习惯性动作,用一般现在时,春节是被人们庆祝的,用被动语态表示。故选B。【2011河南省】30.Softdrinks__tochildrenforfreeinsomerestaurantsonChildren'sDay.A.offerB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.willbeoffered答案:C。【解析】考查动词的语态。因句子的主语是物(Softdrinks),故应该用被动语态,由于“onChildren'sDay”表示泛指在儿童节,故用一般在时的被动语态。所以选C。【2011黑龙江绥化市】16.—Suihuaissobeautiful.It'slikeabiggarden.—Yes.Manytreesandflowers_______inourcityeveryyear.A.areplantingB.areplantedC.wereplanted答案:B【解析】被动语态的考查。Be+过去分词,时间状语everyyear决定了用一般现在时。【2011江苏徐州】11.Whenwillthebirthdayparty_______,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?A.holdB.beheldC.heldD.beholding答案B【解析】考查被动语态的用法。birthdayparty和hold构成被动关系,所以为被动语态,由“will”可知,为一般将来时的被动语态。句意“什么时候举行生日聚会,是周一晚上还是周二晚上啊?”,用beheld。【2011内蒙古包头】35.Itwillbetwodaysbeforethedecision_________.A.hasmadeB.willbemadeC.wasmadeD.ismade.答案:D【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。句意为“在下决心之前,将有两天的时间”根据语境可知选D。【2011呼和浩特】3.----DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?----No,I.A.haven’tinvitedB.didn’tinviteC.amnotinvitedD.wasn’tinvited答案:D【解析】被动语态句意为“你去参加吉姆的生日聚会了吗”“我没被邀请”,I与invite应为过去的被动的关系,【2011呼和浩特】15.Atlasttheboywasmadeandbegantolaugh.A.stopcryingB.tostoptocryC.tostopcryingD.stoptocry答案:C【解析】被动语态与非谓语动词make,have,see等动词在变为被动语态时要把省略的不定式符号to补出来;stoptodo“停下来去干…”;stopdoing“停止做…”句意为“小男孩停止哭笑了起来”【2011四川达州】30.—DoyouknowLucy’sgrandma?—Ofcourse.Sheisakindwoman,butshehasforaboutamonthsincesheintheaccident.A.beendead;waskilledB.died;waskilledC.beendead;killedD.died;killed答案:A【解析】本题考查时态和被动语态的用法。根据题意:-你知道露茜的奶奶吗?-当然,她是一位慈祥的老人,在车祸中丧生已经大约一年了。hasbeendead表示已经去世的状况,waskilled表被动,丧生。故本题选A。【2011•四川广元】19.English___moreandmorewidely(广泛)today.Sowemustlearnitwell.A.usesB.usedC.isused答案:C【解析】动词语态。根据句意:今天英语越来越被广泛地应用。由句意可知要用一般现在时被动语态,其构成:is/am/are+动词过去分词。故选C。【2011•四川南充】33.—Howmanypeoplewill________toyourbirthdayparty?—Twelve.A.inviteB.beinvitedC.beinviting答案:B【解析】考查动词语态。主语people和invite之间是被动关系。语意:——有多少人被邀请去参加party?——12人。【2011四川宜宾】28.Computers________widelyinourdailylife.A.useB.usedC.wereusedD.areused答案:D【解析】D考查一般现在时的被动语态,根据句意:计算机在日常生活中得到广泛应用。故选D。【2011天津】39.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving答案:B【解析】被动语态。今天有很多信息能在网上收到,信息被收到要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态的构成:情态动词+be+过去分词。【2011•广西柳州】44.Halfofthework______bynow.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havebeenfinished答案B【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意:一半的工作已经被完成。可知要用被动语态结构,work是不可数名词,所以用单数hasbeenfinished,故选B。【2011湖南岳阳中考】28.Everyyearlotsoftreestomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplanterB.areplantedC.plant【解析】本题考查动词语态。trees是动词plant的宾语,提前了,故用被动语态,所以答案选B。【2011湖南益阳】24.HiscarwasbythepolicebecausehedrovetoofastA.stoppingB.stoppedC.stop答案:B【解析】语态的考查。从后面的by判断,应该是被动语态,be+动词的过去分词。【2011贵州毕节】29.Helikesreadingverymuch.Mostofhismoneyonbooks.A.isspentB.spendC.spendsD.arespent【解析】本题考查动词语态。不可数名词money是动词spend的宾语,提前了,要用被动语态,故答案选A。【2011梧州】39.Anewcinema_inourcitylastyear.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.willbuildD.isbuilt答案:B【解析】被动语态的考察“新电影院”与“建”应是被动关系,由时间状语lastyear可知应是一般过去时的被动语态was/were+动词过去分词。【2011广东深圳】10.-WhenshouldIhandinmypaper?—Yourpapermust_assoonasthebell_.A
本文标题:新②58课中考真题详解(被动语态)
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