2020版高考英语新素养突破二轮复习--专题1-语法运用第三节-基础保分四-情态动词、助动词和虚拟语

Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·河南开封联考)Butthefirefightersfailedtosavethedog'sownerbecauseiftheyhad_walked(walk)ontothemud，theywouldhavesunk，too.2．(2019·江苏常州一中月考改编)—Cathyburntintotearsatthenewsthatshewasturneddownbythecompany，butImeantnoharm.—Iwouldratheryouhadn't_told(nottell)heraboutit.3．IfIwere(be)athomeinCambodia,Iwouldhavetogooutdoors.4．IamsorryIamverybusynow.IfIhad(have)time，Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.5．Accordingtothelocallaw，nooneshallenterthebuildingsitewithoutpermission.6．Janecouldhave_come(come)totheparty，butshecouldnotfindtheexacttime.7．Hewasgreatlyshockedattheman'stakingoffice.Neverdidheexpectthatthevotersshouldbesounreasonable.8．It'stimethatwedid/should_do(do)somethingquickly.9．Ifteensseethattheirphysicalconditioniscausingthemtoperformbadly，theymaybe_motivated(motivate)todootheractivitiestogethealthy.10．Myshoppinglistwaslongandmywalletwaslight.Still,Ineededtogetaweek'sfoodformyfamily.Iparkedmycar，lookeddownatmylist，andhopedIcouldpayforitall.Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2019·福建三校联考)ThisisthesecondtimethatIhadvisitedtheuniversity.答案：ThisisthesecondtimethatIhadhavevisitedtheuniversity.2．(2019·聊城二模)IjustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.答案：Ijust∧havefoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.3．Wewouldratherourdaughterstayathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.答案：Wewouldratherourdaughterstaystayedathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.4．(2019·济南阶段检测)Havehetakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.答案：HaveHadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.5．(2019·陕西西安六校检测)Itcouldhaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitewet.答案：Itcouldmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitewet.Ⅲ.语法填空Areyouanygoodathula­hooping(转呼啦圈)?If1.____________，don'tworry.It'ssoeasytolearnthatyoucanunderstanditsworkingprinciple2.__________anyhula­hoopingexperience.3.____________(be)youinterested,youcouldexaminesomeinterestingknowledgeofphysicsbehindhula­hoopingusingjustapencilandarubberband.Hulahoops'move4.____________(determine)allbyforces!Whileplayingwithahulahoop,manydifferentforcesareatworktohelpkeepit5.__________(circle).Aforceisapushorapullthatactsononething.Forcescanmakeobjectsmove,butjustthatsomethingisn'tmovingdoesn't6.____________(necessary)meanthere'renoforcesacting.Forexample,ifyou'resittingonachairrightnow,thereisanupwardforceonyou7.____________preventsyoufromfallingtotheground.Onthecontrary,whensomethingismoving,wecan'tsayitgets8.__________(evidence)forceactingonit.Sowhatforcesactonahulahoop?9.____________(weigh),friction,thenormalforce,etc.Justasyoucansee,the10.____________(combine)effectofallthesemakesitspin.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文，主要由呼啦圈的工作原理引入主题，介绍了力的作用。1．解析：考查省略结构。上文问“你擅长转呼啦圈吗”，此处答“如果……，不要担心”，根据逻辑关系可知，此处应该表示如果不擅长，故用ifnot“若非如此”。答案：not2．解析：考查介词。结合“don'tworry.It'ssoeasytolearn...experience”可知，该句话意为没有任何玩呼啦圈的经验也能明白其工作原理。空后是名词短语，所以用without“没有，缺乏”。答案：without3．解析：考查虚拟语气、省略和倒装。分析句子结构可知，本句是虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般过去时(be动词用were)，主句用could/should/might/woulddo。从句省略了if，将were提前构成倒装，故填Were。注意句首单词的首字母要大写。答案：Were4．解析：考查时态和语态。此处在讲一个原理，用一般现在时表示陈述事实。又因Hulahoops'move与determine之间是动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。答案：isdetermined5．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是keepsb./sth.doing结构，表示“让某人/某物保持做某事”，故用现在分词作宾补。答案：circling6．解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰动词mean，故用所给词的副词形式necessarily。答案：necessarily7．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个分隔式定语从句，修饰前面的先行词force，并在从句中作主语，又因先行词为物，所以用that或者which。答案：that/which8．解析：考查词性转换。空处位于名词force前作定语，应该用形容词evident“明显的”。答案：evident9．解析：考查词性转换。空处与后面的名词friction和名词短语thenormalforce并列，故用所给词的名词形式。注意此处首字母要大写。答案：Weight10．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语，effect和combine有着逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。答案：combinedⅣ.短文改错(2019·合肥市高三质检)LastmonthourclassorganizedahikealongtheChaobaiRiver,whichrunthroughHebei,BeijingandTianjin.Muchtomydisappoint,Ifoundtheriverwasseriouspolluted.Atthatmoment,IwasdeterminedtodowhatIcouldprotectit.First,undermyteacher'shelp,Iusedtheequipmentsfromtheschoollabtotestthequalityoftheriverwater.Butthen,IusedthedataIhadcollectedittoanalyzethepollutionoftheriver.Finally,Iwriteareportonthepollutionoftherivertothelocalgovernment.IalsogaveapresentationinclasswhereIsuggestedthatwemustmakechangestoprotectourwaterresources.答案：LastmonthourclassorganizedahikealongtheChaobaiRiver,whichrunrunsthroughHebei,BeijingandTianjin.Muchtomydisappointdisappointment，Ifoundtheriverwasseriousseriouslypolluted.Atthatmoment,IwasdeterminedtodowhatIcould∧toprotectit.First,underwithmyteacher'shelp,Iusedtheequipmentsequipmentfromtheschoollabtotestthequalityoftheriverwater.ButAndthen,IusedthedataIhadcollectedittoanalyzethepollutionoftheriver.Finally,Iwritewroteareportonthepollutionoftherivertothelocalgovernment.IalsogaveapresentationinclasswhereIsuggestedthatwemustshould或mustmakechangestoprotectourwaterresources.