必修3Unit3-The-Million-Pound-Bank-Note-grammar

名词性从句Unit3TheMillionPoundBank-NoteGrammar指出下列名词在从句中所做的成分•WeChineselovepeace.•Yonggraduatesdon’tlikemyjob.•Knowledgeispower.•Whatonelearnsispower.•Whatonelearnsiswhatonegainstobeclever.•Younggraduatesdon’tlikewhatIdo.•We,whatarecalledthegreatestpeopleintheworldlovesnature.分类词形词义作从句的成分注意点连接词that//宾从中可省whether/if是否/If只用于宾从中有ornot时不能用asif(though)好象//连接代词What（ever）（无论）什么，作主，宾，表，定语…….东西，……事情which（ever）（无论）哪一个（些）作主，宾，表，定语/Who（ever）“（无论）谁（主格）”作主，宾/Whom（ever）“（无论）谁（宾格）”作宾/whose（ever）“（无论）谁的，作定/连接副词When（ever）“什么时候”作状语/where“什么地方”作状语/how怎样作状语/why为什么作状语/宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主语+谓语+连词（引导词）+宾语从句他说他明天飞往西藏。HesaidthathewouldflytoTibetthenextday.•我听说他已经回家了。•Iheardthathehadgonehome.•老师告诉我们光速比声速快。•Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansounddoes.Lilywantedtoknow____________hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee___________wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme___________shecouldborrowthesebooks.whether/ifwhether/ifwhether/if•Idon’tcare_________hecomesornot.•Idon’tcare_______ornothecomes.•Idon’tcare_______hedoesn’tcome.•Idon’tknow_______togothere.•Itdependson______youcandotheworkwell.whether/ifwhetherifwhetherwhether介词后的宾语从句•Wearetalkingaboutwhatwe’lldonext.•Iknownothingaboutherexceptthatsheliveshere.1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.3.Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing.4.hewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.5.itistrueremainsaproblem.关联词比较whether/ifwhether/ifwhetherwhetherWhetherWhether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Idon’tknowwhatheusedtobe.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?•1.Ithinkitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.2.Hismotherissatisfiedwithhehasdone.•4.Thisismakesusinterested.•5.Thereasonwas________Todhadneverseenthemillionpoundnotebefore.what/that(that)whatwhatthat•Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.•IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?•Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.动词findconsiderthinkfeelbelievemake等后面有宾语补足语时，常用it做形式宾语，而将从句放到补足语后面；e.g.Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme．我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。宾语从句的否定转移•在动词think,believe,suppose,expect等后的宾语从句要表否定，通常否定词前移•e.g.Idon’tthinkyouareright．我想你是不对的。有些动词（短语）如：enjoy,love,like,hate,appreciate,seeto,dependon,relyon等带宾语从句时，习惯性在从句前加形式宾语it•Ihateitwhenpeopleaskmeformoney.•Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemeahand.在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’mafraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g.一Doyoubelieveitwillclearup?你认为天气会转晴吗?一Ibelieveso.我认为会这样。Idon'tbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)我认为不会这样。在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用thatShesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.ThePredicativeClause1.that引导的表语从句that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinfourwilldiefromsmoking.2.whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherwhatmanwillturnupintime.2.表语从句－在复合句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。Who,whom,whose,what,which在句中起连接作用外，还在从句中从当主语，宾语，表语，定语，且各有词义•That'swhatyouaregoingtodofirst.•Thequestioniswhomwecanrelyon.4.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.•That’swhyIwantyoutoworkhere.•Thereasonwasthathewasill.•Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.•Thisisbecausehewascareless.5.其他连词asif,because,as,asthough引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.Myangerisbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.Thankyou!