虚拟语气

虚拟语气表示非真实的或一种假想的情况if引导的虚拟条件句非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用虚拟语气。条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反If主语＋主语＋should/would/could/might+与过去事实相反If主语＋主语＋should/would/could/might+与将来事实相反If主语＋＋＋主语＋should/would/could/might＋did/weredohaddone/beenhavedonedidshoulddoweretododoIf+主+did(were),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhewerefree,hewouldgowithyou.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（havedone）Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.1.如果那时他努力学的话，他就通过那次考试。Ifhehadbeenthere,hecouldhaveseenthefilmIfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeenunhappy.3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifhecameheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.If+主+did(wereto/shoulddo),主+would/should/could/might+动词原形Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.用倒装省略句型如果没有你的帮助，我是不会成功的Ifitwerenotforyourhelp,I….如果你不来我家，我就去逛街Shouldyounotcometomyhouse/Wereyounottocometomyhouse，I….如果我没亲眼看到，我是不会相信它的HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes,Iwouldnothavebelievedit.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;mightAIftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrivedCIdidn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe__________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeDIfmylawyer_______herelastSunday,he_______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhavepreventedAIfyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I__________himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeetCIftherewerenotsubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbeD_________theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.IfheshouldpassB_______fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.ShouldyouarriveC________itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.WereB.shouldC.wouldD.willB错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟条件句条件从句所表示的动作与主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致（如一个发生在过去，另一个发生在现在）。这时，我们要根据具体时间来调整动词的相应形式。Ifhehadreceivedsixmorevotes（选票）,hecouldbeourchairmannow.IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwhenIcameoutthismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.IfIhadn'tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell，you____now．A）wouldn'tbesmilingB）couldn'thavesmiledC）won'tsmileD）didn'tsmile含蓄条件句1.常用的提示词有：but,butfor，or，otherwise，only，under，without,with,butthat(若不,后接一从句)等。ButfortheleadershipoftheParty,wecouldnotliveahappylifetoday.=IfitwerenotfortheleadershipoftheParty,…Iwasbusythatday.Otherwise(=IfIhadnotbeenbusy)Iwouldhavecometoseeyou.Withoutmusic(=Iftherewerenomusic),theworldwouldbeadullplace.Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavorableconditions.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber；otherwisewe____him．A）wouldhavetelephonedB）musthavetelephonedC）wouldtelephoneD）hadtelephonedSomewomen____agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome，buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily．A）mustmakeB）shouldhavemadeC）wouldmakeD）couldhavemadeADwish引导的虚拟句IwishIrememberedtheaddress.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）Iwishhehadnotleft.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish+thatclausedid/werehaddonewould/might//coulddowish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气Exercises:“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”A.hadB.didC.haveD.willAIdidn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wentCIwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretoseeCThepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegoneAHowIwishI__________that!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoingB-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhaveBTomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteachDHowIwishI_________suchagoodchancebefore.A.didn’tseeB.hadn’tmissedC.metD.havegotBIwishtherain_________stop.A.willB.wouldC.mayD.canBShesingsasifshe_________aboy.A.isB.wasC.wereD.areCWefeltasifwe_________eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowingCasif(asthough)引导的状语从句由asif(asthough)引导的状语从句，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had＋过去分词”。他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Itseemsasifitisgoingtorainsoon.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbrokenCTheactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.wereDThec