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modalverbsGrammar情态动词表示推测不表示推测cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(daren’t)need(needn’t)usedto情态动词有一定的意义,但没有人称和数的变化,不能独立使用,它和后面的动词构成谓语.只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的haveto,usedtomust,can/could,may/might的用法must1.must表示推测时,只能用于肯定句。e.g.这个电脑肯定出了问题。Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththecomputer.你努力学了一整天,一定累了吧Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.must,can/could,may/might的用法注意:must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughtermustgoanddotheopposite.自然地,在我交代女儿做什么之后,她偏偏要做相反的事情.2.must+bedoing/do表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测e.g.他现在一定在看小说.Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱.Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.3.must+havedone表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断e.g.他们在玩篮球,他们一定完成了作业。Theyareplayingbasketball,theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework.路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.对现在或将来情况推测:must+动词原形。must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用can’t和can。e.g.Hemusttellalie.Canhetellalie?Hecan’ttellalie.*must-should/oughtto–may-might/could+do可能性依次减弱(对过去情况推测:mustmay,might)+完成时。e.g.Youmusthavemethimbefore.must—may—might可能性依次减弱must只能用于肯定句,译成“一定”。否定和疑问分别用can’t/couldn’t和can/could。e.g.Could/Canithavehappenedlastnight?Itcouldn’t/can’thavehappenedlastnight.can/could1.can/could表示推测时,只能用在否定句或疑问句中。e.g.It’ssolate.CanTombereading?CanitbeMr.Green?这个人不可能是玛丽,她生病了。Itcan’tbeMary.Shehasfallenill.她不可能在说谎。Shecouldn’tbetellinglies.在疑问句中could比can更有礼貌,在此不是can的过去式。e.g.Canyouwaitamomentplease?Liz,canyoudomeafavor?Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?Iwonderifyoucouldhelpme.(请求)2.can/couldhavedone对过去发生行为的可能性进行推测:刚才我还看见他了,所以他不可能出国的。Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.门是锁着的,所以她不可能在家。Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldn’thavebeenathome.3.can/couldhavedone“本可以,本来可能已经”用于肯定句中,表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断.e.g.你本来可以考的更好。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.may/might1.may/might表示推测时,只能用于陈述句,表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。e.g.她们明天可能会到这里来。Theymaycomeheretomorrow.他们可能还在等我们呢。Theymaybestillwaitingforus.2.might可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。e.g.他也许在做功课吧。Hemightbedoinghishomeworknow.我问他我是否可以离开。IaskedhimifImightleave.Iaskedhim“MayIleavenow?”3.might/mayhavedone,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测。e.g.他可能去医务室了。Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.4)may表示许可,表示允许别人做某事,也可征求对方的许可。MayIopenthedoor?Wemaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.5)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveanicetrip!表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must对将来对现在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoingWill/Wouldyoudo…?(表请求would更委婉)表意志,愿望,决心would表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向“总是,总要”usedto表过去常常(现在已没有这种习惯)“过去常常”usedto可于状态动词连用would不可以e.g.Heusedtobeaquietboy.()Hewouldbeaquietboy.()√×will/wouldshall/should1.shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令,警告,允诺或威胁。e.g.1)Youshallgowithme.(命令)2)YoushallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)3)Heshallbepunished.(威胁)2.shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。e.g.4)Shallwebeginourclass?(征求意见)5)WhenshallMikebeabletoleavehospital?(请示)3.用于条约,规定,规章等文件中,表示一种义务,多用于第三人称中。6)“Theinterest___bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.”declaredthejudge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall用于表达合理推断。e.g.Itisthreeo’clock,thefootballgameshouldbeginnow.Marytookdancinglessonsforyears,sheshouldbeanexcellentdancer.2.should的用法2.should的用法注意:should可表示“居然,竟然”。e.g.我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.e.g.Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.Yououghtnottogo.3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令,与oughtto意义相近,但oughtto多表示责任、义务,语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用should代替oughtto。e.g.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评,意为“本应该做到…但没有做到…”,用于否定则表示“本不该…但”oughtto的语气更强烈.must和haveto1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用needn’t或don’thaveto,做“不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止,不允许”e.g.—MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime?—Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't.Youmustn’tgetoffwhilethecarisstillmoving.e.g.Idon’tlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Therewasnomorebus.Theyhadtowalkhome.2.表示“必须”这个意思时,must和haveto稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法,haveto强调客观需要。另外,haveto能用于更多时态。need/darea.need表需要和必须常用于否定句和疑问句,needn’thavedone“本不必做…”b.dare表敢,常用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中。c.dare与need用做实意动词时有时态,人称和数的变化,但dare用于否定句和疑问句时常接不带to的不定式,need后要接带to的不定式。1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefoundPractice2:表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.1.--IsJohn
本文标题:高中情态动词大全课件
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