[研究生英语精读]Unit Eight

《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)中国人民大学出版社UnitEightIHaveaDream1.Text2.Exercises3.SupplementaryReadingIHaveaDreamJamesRoston1.preside※v.tobeinthechair,beincharge主持，负责2.emancipatev.makefreesocially,politicallyandinlaw在社会、政治及法律上获得解放3.massive※adj.ofgreatsize,strongandheavy巨大的，粗重的[1]AbrahamLincoln,whopresided*inhisstonetempleonAugust28,1963abovethechildrenoftheslavesheemancipated*,mayhaveusedjusttherightwordstosumupthegeneralreactiontotheNegroes'massive*marchonWashington.Ithink,hewrotetoGov.AndrewG.CurtinofPennsylvaniain1861,thenecessityofbeingreadyincreases.Looktoit.Washingtonmaynothavechangedavotetoday,butitisalittlemoreconscioustonightofthenecessityofbeingreadyforfreedom.Itmaynotlooktoitatonce,sinceitislookingtosomanythings,butitwillbealongtimebeforeitforgetsthemelodious*andmelancholy*voiceoftheRev.①Dr.MartinLutherKing②,Jr.,cryingouthisdreamstothemultitude*.1.melodious※adj.fullofmelody,agreeabletotheear悦耳的2.melancholy△adj.sad忧郁的3.multitude△n.alargecrowd大众[2]ItwasDr.Kingwho,neartheendoftheday,touchedthevastaudience.Untilthenthepilgrimage*wasmerelyagreatspectacle.Onlythosemarchersfromtheembattled*townsintheOldConfederacy①hadanythingliketheoldcrusading*zeal*.1.pilgrimage△n.ajourneytoaholyplace朝圣，远游2.embattledadj.surroundedbyenemies被敌人包围的3.crusaden.anyoftheChristianwarstowinbacktheHolyLandfromtheMuslimsinthe11th,12thand13thcenturies(11至13世纪的)十字军东征4.zealn.eagerness,keenness热诚Formanythedayseemedanadventure,alongoutinginthelatesummersun-partliberationfromhome,partSundaySchoolpicnic,partpoliticalconvention,andpartfishfry﹡.1.afishfry吃炸鲜鱼野餐[3]ButDr.Kingbroughtthemaliveinthelateafternoonwithaperoration*thatwasananguished*echofromalltheoldAmericanreformers.1.perorationn.thelastpartofaspeech(演说的)结尾2.anguished△adj.feelingorexpressingverygreatpain,esp.ofmind(尤指心灵)很痛苦的RogerWilliams①callingforreligiousliberty,SamAdams②callingforpoliticalliberty,oldmanThoreau③denouncing*coercion,WilliamLloydGarrison④demandingemancipation,andEugeneV.Debs⑤cryingforeconomicequality-Dr.Kingechoedthemall.1.denounce※v.speakorwriteagainst指责；揭发[4]Ihaveadream,hecriedagainandagain.Andeachtimethedreamwasapromiseoutofourancientarticlesoffaith:phrasesfromtheConstitution,linesfromthegreatanthemofthenation,guaranteesfromtheBillofRights,allendingwithavisionthattheymightonedayallcometrue.[5]Dr.Kingtouchedallthethemesoftheday,onlybetterthananybodyelse.HewasfullofthesymbolismofLincolnandGandhi,andthecadences*oftheBible.Hewasbothmilitantandsad,andhesentthecrowdawayfeelingthatthelongjourneyhadbeenworthwhile.1.cadencen.rhythm韵律[6]ThisdemonstrationimpressedpoliticalWashingtonbecauseitcombinedanumberofthingsnopoliticiancanignore.Ithadtheforceofnumbers.Ithadthemelodiesofboththechurchandthetheater.Anditwasabletoinvoke*theprinciplesoftheFoundingFatherstorebuke*theinequalitiesandhypocrisies*ofmodernAmericanlife.1.invokev.calltohelp求助2.rebuke※v.reprovesternly指责3.hypocrisyn.pretenseofvirtue伪善[7]Therewasaparadoxintheday'sperformance.TheNegroleadersdemandedequalitynow,whileinsistingthatthiswasonlythebeginningofthestruggle.Yetitwasclearthatthenow,whichappearedonalmosteveryplacard*onConstitutionAvenue,wasmerelyanopeningdemand,whiletheexhortation*toincreasethestrugglewaswhatwasreallyontheleaders'minds.1.placardn.alargeprintedorwrittennoticeoradvertisement,putupinapublicplaceorsometimescarriedabout告示，招牌，广告2.exhortationn.anactofexhorting劝告，规劝[8]Thequestionoftheday,ofcourse,wasraisedbyDr.King'stheme:Wasthisalladreamorwillithelpthedreamcometrue?[9]NodoubtthisvastefforthelpedtheNegrodriveagainstdiscrimination.ItwasbettercoveredbytelevisionandthepressthananyeventheresincePresidentKennedy'sinauguration*,and,sinceindifferenceisalmostasgreataproblemtotheNegroashostility,thiswasaplus.1.inauguration△n.tointroduceintoanewplaceorjobbyholdingaspecialceremony就职典礼[10]NoneofthedreadfulthingsWashingtonfearedcameabout.Theracialhooligans*werescarce.EventhelocalNazi,GeorgeLincolnRockwell,mindedhismanners,whichisanextraordinaryinnovation*forhim.1.hooligann.anoisy,roughpersonwhocausestroublebyfighting,breakingthings,etc.流氓，歹徒，不法分子2.innovation※n.theintroductionofsth.new革新，创新AndtherewerefewerarreststhanonanynormaldayinWashington,probablybecauseallthesaloons*andhootch*peddlers*wereclosed.1.saloon△n.placewherealcoholicmaybeboughtanddrunk,drinkingbar酒店，酒吧2.hootchn.alchoholicliquor酒3.peddlern.apersonwhogoesfromplacetoplacetryingtosellsmallarticles小贩[11]Thecrowdobviouslyimpressedthepoliticians.Thepresenceofnearlyaquarterofamillionpetitionersanywherealwaysmakesasenatorthink.Heseldomignoresthatmanypotentialvotes,anditdidnotescapethenoticeofcongressmenthattheseNegroorganizations,someofwhichhadalmostasmuchtroublegettingoutacrowdastheWashingtonSenatorsseveralyearsago,werenowcapableoforganizingthelargestdemonstratingthrongevergatheredatonespotintheDistrictofColumbia.[12]ItisaquestionwhetherthisrallyraisedtoomanyhopesamongtheNegroesorinspiredtheNegroesheretoworkharderforequalitywhentheygotbackhome.Mostobserversherethinkthelatteristrue,eventhoughallthetalkofFreedomNOWandinstantintegration*isboundtoleadtosomedisappointment.1.integ