高中英语重点词汇精讲

高中英语重点词汇精讲abandon:vt.放弃，遗弃abandonmedicineforliterature弃医从文；desert:遗弃，抛弃onadesertedisland.ability:n能力，才能：havetheabilitytodo…=becapableofdoing…有能力做……able:adj.有能力的：anableleader;beableto与can的区别：can只有现在(can)和过去(could)两种形式，而beableto可有各种时态。（详见情态动词）。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone______getout.A.couldB.wasabletoC.canD.must(B)aboard:adv./prep在船（飞机，车）上.Aboard=onboard;Allaboard!请上船；开船啦。Welcomeaboard!请上船（飞机，车）about:prêt./adv.在周围，在身边；关于(on更严肃，正式)；大约：beabouttodo...(=beat/onthepointofdoing...)即将做。。。。。。后不能接soon,atonce等时间状语；Howabout+doing/名词/代词/句子等...=Whatabout..做......好吗？①Ihavenomoneyaboutme.②HaveyouheardofthestoryaboutShakespeare?abouttwoyeas=twoyearsprso=sometwoyearsAllthemariners____diedexcepttheonewhoshotthebirdlefttotellhisstorytoothers,whichwasdescribedinthepoemcalled“TheRimeoftheAncientMariner.”A.onaboardB.onaboardC.onboardsD.aboardabroad:adv.be(go/live/travel)abroad;come(return)fromabroad;bothathomeandabroad在国内外；beallabroad离题，不中肯absence:n.absent:adj.不在，缺席；不在意的：HewillbeabsentatthemeetingfromBeijing.（不在北京）HewillbeabsentatthemeetinginBeijing.（外出在北京）Absenceofmind心不在焉；反义词：present出席的，在场的，用法和absent一样，但作定语要后置(n.礼物，atpresent目前)_______gotapresentattheparty.(A)A.AllpresentB.PresentallC.Allpresentingabsorb:vt.吸收（声音，光线，液体等），吸收，理解（知识等）；Beabsorbedin全神贯注于。Iwasabsorbedinabookanddidn’thearyoucall.academic:学院的，学校的，学业的。academiclevels/challenges:学业水平/学习中的挑战。accident:意外;incident:小事件，政治事变或事件byaccident=bychance偶然accept:承认，接受（主观），receive:收到（表客观），acceptAasB承认A是B,Hewasacceptedasanexcellentteacheratlast.Yesterdayhedid_______aninvitation,butherefusedto_____it.(B、A)A.acceptB.receiveaccess:进入，接近(to),haveaccessto:有权进入….,能够使用到….accessibleadj.可以使用（或得到）的。能进入的。Sth.beaccessabletosb.某人容易使用到…account:accountfor…解释，描述。Onaccountof…因为…takeaccountof…考虑到…。accuse;指控,指责。Accusesb.Ofsth…指控某人犯…；beaccusedof…被指控犯…。achieve:①完成,取得,达到achieveone’swork/success/one’sgoal;achievethegoalofdoing…达到…..目标。○2achievements:成就，成绩Heachieved/gainedgreat/brilliantachievementsinwritingnovels.acquire:学习（一般指天生的习得）；而learn指课堂学习。Englishacquiredability.across:①横穿而过（从物体表面）；through:穿过（从物件内部）；over:跨过（从物体上方）；past:经过（从物件旁边）；along:经过（从物体边沿）Hewent______theriveranddidn’tfindaboattogo_____it.A.over,acrossB.along,acrossC.along,overD.past,throughact:①vi.行为，演出，Vt.担当，演……角色(=playthepartof)n.法令,条例actas=workas=serveas担当,充当Whowill_____Shakespeareinthefilm?A.actB.actasC.playapartpf(A)①action.n.行为,行动,措施takeactions采取行动,takemeasures采取措施active:adj.积极的,活跃的take(an)activepartin积极参加……,beactiveinsth./doingsth.在……方面很积极。live/leadanactivelife过着活跃的生活。actual:①现实的，实际的（现实存在，不是想象中的）；real:真实的（不是假的）rue:真实的（不是inactuallife,arealgoldring,atruestory②actually:adv.实际上，确实=infact/inreality/asamatteroffact=reallyadapt:（使适应。dapt(oneself)to…（使适应..adaptAforB:把A改编/改写/改造成adaptfrom…根据……改编。add:①vt.加add…to…把……加到……上Two_____tothreemakesfive.A.addedB.addingC.isaddedD.beingadded(A)②addto增加,(=increase)Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.③addup把加Pleaseaddupallthefigures.④addupto合计为=cometo=amounttoaddict:vt.使……沉溺,be/getaddictedto对……上瘾Theyoungmangetsaddictedtodrugs.address:①n地址②v寄.=postheaddressedalettertome.adjust:adjust(oneself)to…使自己适宜于……；adaptto适应于=agreewithadmire:admiresb.For(doing)sth.因……而钦佩某人;envy:妒忌,羡慕envysb.sth.admit:①vi/vt.admit(to)sth.承认……admissionn.②让……进入,接纳admitab.to/into…允许某人进入……beadmittedtoschool/hospital,允许进入……,③admitdoingsth.允许做……承认做……④admit+从句⑤admttof…=allowof…容许有……Thematteradmitsofnodelay.容纳=hold=seatTheroomcanadmit200persons.adopt:采纳,接受(=accept),收养。adoptone’ssuggestion.advance:advancetowardsaplace:向……前进advanceinsth.在……方面有增长;advancetoaplace:到达……;advanceon/upon…逼近,进攻;inadvance:提前=aheadoftime;inadvanceof…在……之前,比……前进。Advancing=developing:发展中的，advanced:发达的，高级的，进步的。advantage:优点，好处takeadvantageof…利用……=makeuseof;have/takeanadvantageoverothers对……有优势。disadvantage:不足,可数名词。advice:①忠告，劝告（不可数），tip:劝告，可数，apieceofadvice一条劝告，givesb.someadviceon(howtodo)sth就……给某人提建议,take/followone’sadvice采纳某人的建议,ask(sb.)foradvice征询某人的建议,dosth.onone’sadvice按某人的建议做……②advise:v.(BE)=advicev.(AE)advisesb.todosth.劝某人做……,advisesb.nottodosth=advisesb.againstdoingsth.劝/建议某人不要做……,advisedoingsth.建议做……;但suggest可用suggest:(one’s/sb.)doingsth,不用suggestsb.todosth.I____theladygothereatonce.A.suggestedB.advisedC.hopedD.wished(A)affair:泛指“事务,事情,事件”,affairs:表重大“事务或事态”;event:指有重大意义的历史事件;business:生意,公事on/inbusiness,gointobusiness;matter问题Businessbeforepleasure.Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.affect:vt.影响effevtn.haveaneffecton…=affect…对…有影响.haveno/much/great/little…effecton/upon对什么没有/有很大/重大/很小,几乎没有影响.effectiveadj.有效的afford:①负担起(……的费用)可接名词,代词或todo……,常与can.could,beableto连用于否定句或问句中.hispoorfamilycan’taffordhiseducation.Ican’taffordtobuyacaratpresent.②抽得出时间=spare但spare可sparesb.+时间Hecan’taffordtimeforthecinema.Icanspareyoutwohours.我能为你抽出两个小时.③提供affordsb.sth.=offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.=supplysthto/forsb./supplysb.Withsth.=providesb.Withsth./providesthfor/tosb.Failureaffordusexperience.afraid:beafraidtodo…害怕做……,beafraidof(doing)sth.担心做……beafraid+句子,beafraidnot/so恐怕不行/恐怕如此(对句子的省略回答).Idon’twanttobeawaitressbecauseI’mafraid____dishesfrequently.A.onbreakingB.tobrea