2018年小升初英语总结(1)

名词一、知识要点知识要点核心内容注意要领可数名词和不可数名词可数名词单数名词单数就是该词本身，用在句子中时，在其前加a/an对可数名词的数量提问用howmany;对不可数名词的数量提问用howmuch复数1.可数名词复数的规则变化1）一般情况直接在词尾加s.2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词在词尾加es.3）以辅音字母加y结尾的名次，变y为i加es.4）以元音加y结尾的名词，直接加s5）以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加es.6）以o结尾的名词，加s(个别加es)2.可数名词不规则的变化1）单复数同行Sheep-sheep,fish-fish,deer-deer,people-people,English-English,Chinese-Chinese2）改变单词中的元音字母Man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth，goose-geese3）词尾加en或renChild-children4）特殊变化mouse-mice3.复合名词前面的词是man,woman，1）变复数时，构成复合名词的两个名词都要变成复数形式；如是其他词，变复数，只变后面的名词manteacher-menteachersBoystudent-boystudents2）man,woman构成的合成名词，则只需把man,woamn变成复数Policeman-policemenPostman-postwomen不可数名词不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1.可用much,alotof,alittle,little,lotsof,plentyof,some等表示不可数名词的量2.可用量词表示不可数名词的量数词+量词+of+不可数名词Acupoftea-twocupsofteaAglassofwater-twoglassesofwater名词所有格名词+’s构成方法：1.一般在名词后加’sJim’scomputer2.以s结尾的复数名词,只加’teachers’books3.词尾不是以s结尾的复数名词，加‘schildren’sbooks4.几个人共同拥有某物时，在最后一个人名后加’sLilyandLucy’sroom5.每个人分别拥有某物时，在每个人名后各加’sLily’sandLucy’srooms6.名词所有格加在人名或职位后面时，可以表示某人的家或店铺。TheWhite’s7.有些指时间或距离的短语，也可以用’s构成所有格10minutes’walk由of短语构成的所有格1.无生命的名词一般用of短语构成名词所有格，表示所有关系ThenameoftheboyThedooroftheroom2.双重所有格活学活用1.写出下列单词的复数形式1）Bag_____Baby______Woman______2）Knife_____People______Tomato______3）Mouse_____Box______Child______4）Sheep______Boy______year______2.单项选择（）1.I’mthirsty.Iwanttobuysome______.A.watersB.waterC.bread（）2.I’dlike_____ofapplejuice.A.glassB.twoglassC.aglass（）3.Howmany_____arethereinyourschool?A.studentB.studentsC.studentes（）4.Myfatherhas_____forbreakfast.A.twopieceofbreadB.twooiecesofbreadC.twopieceofbreads（）5.Iusuallybushmy____inthemorning.A.toothB.toothsC.teeth（）6.Weseemany____and____onthehillA.horse;sheepB.horsses;sheepsC.horses;sheep（）7.Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.It’sabout_____.A.thirstyminutes’swalkB.thirstyminute’swalkC.thirstyminutes’walkD.thirstyminuteswalk（）8.Thefootballunderthebedis_____.A.LucyandLily’sB.Lucy’sandLily’sC.Lucy’sandLilyD.LucyandLily（）9.--whoseroomisit?--It’s_____.A.LiMingB.LiMing’sC.LiMings（）10.Shetoldme____newslastweek.A.aB.apieceofC.apiece3.翻译1）教师的门____________________2）那位老人的雨伞____________________3）汤姆和安的手表____________________4）王英和海伦的桌子____________________5）他们的椅子____________________6）这鞋子的颜色____________________7）我哥哥的电脑____________________8）飞机场的飞机____________________9）图书馆的书____________________10）我妈妈的朋友____________________常考名词分类1.颜色redblueyelloworangegreenpinkblackwhitebrowngraypurple询问颜色Whatcolour...?what’syourfavouritecolour?whatcolourisyourfavourite?同：color/colour例：(1)whatcolourisyourschoolbag?(2)Mybikeisred（对划线部分提问）2．动物catdogmonkeypandarabbitduckpigbirdmousetigerlionsnakecowhenbearelephantdragongiraffezebrasheepgoat变复数：cat-snake-sheep-monkey-giraffe例：1）Therearemany___(duck)inthezoo.2）Therearetwo___(sheep)andone___(zebra).3）weseemany___and___onthehillA.horse;sheepB.horses;sheepsC.horses;sheep3.球体类basketballgolffootballrugbytennisbaseballvolleyballhockeytabletennishandball考点：Playbasketball/football玩某项球类，用动词play,且球类前不要定冠词the例：Ioftengotoplay___tennisonMondayA.aB.theC./4.学习用品rulerpencilerasercrayonbagpenpencilboxbookschoolbagMathsbookEnglishbookChinesebookstorybooknotebookdictionarycomicbookwordbookpostcardmagazine造句：1）一本英语书2）我的书在书包里3）我喜欢故事书5.三餐、餐具breakfastlunchdinner/supperplatebowlforkknifespoonchopsticks考：1）Havebreakfast/lunch/dinner2）Eatbreakfast/lunch/dinner3）Forbreakfast/lunch/dinner4）Makebreakfast/lunch/dinner5）Bigbreakfast/lunch/dinner6）Abowlofsoup7）Knife(复数)8）Aplateof...6.身体部位faceeareyenosemoutharmhandheadbodylegfoottailfoottoothstomach考：1）Handinhand_________2）Facetoface_________3）foot（复数）_________4）tooth（复数）_________5）头疼________6）牙疼________7）胃疼________8）耳朵疼________9）感冒________10）发烧________11）咳嗽________句型：What’swrongwithyou?What’sthematterwithyou?What’swrongwithyourwatch?7.食物breadeggcakefishricecandybeefchickennoodlessoupvegetablessandwichsaladhamburgericecreamchocolatesushipizzamooncake考：可数名词：_______________________________________________________________________________________不可数名词：____________________________________________________________________________造句练习：例：Iusechopstickstoeatnoodles.8.饮料juicelemonadewaterbeerteamilkcoffee考：1）一杯水2）一杯咖啡/茶3）一瓶果汁句型：Whatwouldyoulike?/howaboutajuice?I’dlikeaglassofwater.9.水果、蔬菜pearappletomatoorangebananawatermelonstrawberryeggplantGreenbeanspotatocarrotonion考点：1)tomato（复数）_______2)potato（复数）_______10.交通工具bikeshipsubwaytrainplanecarbustaxiboat考点：乘坐某样交通工具用介词by,用动词take1)Bybus-takeabus2)Busstation/busstop3)Bytrain-takeatrain4)Trainstation5）Bycar/ship/boat/taxi...句型：--Howdoyougotoschool?--Igotoschoolbybike.注：步行-onfoot11.职业studentteacherdoctorcookdrivefarmernurseFootballplayerworkerpostmanbusinessmanPostofficerfishermanscientistpilotcoachHeadteacherreportersecretaryBaseballplayer考点：询问职业句型：1）What’syour/her/hisjob?2）Whatdoyoudo?/whatdoeshedo?3）whatjobisyours?12.人物boygirlfriendfamilyfathermothermanwomansisterbrothergrandma/grandmothergrandpa/grandfathermumdadparentscousinuncleauntbabybabybrotherkidrobotgrandparentpenpalMrs.Ms.sirpeoplechildrensnowman考点：1.对人提问用疑问词who--Whoishe?--Heismyfather13.教学设施及物品classroomwindowblackboardlightp