刘如意—-Unit1-Living-well-Language-points

1.disabledadj.伤残的thedisabled表示“残疾人；伤残者”。如:Nowthathewasdisabled,hishousehadbecomeaprisontohim.因为他残废了,他的房子就成了他的牢笼。Herlatestbookdiscussestheproblemsofthedisabled.她的新书论述残疾人的问题。Languagepoints[联想]disabilityn.伤残；无能；无力unableadj.不能的；不会的[小试]用disable,disabled,disability和unable的正确形式填空。1.Peoplecometoagreethatthe_______shouldalsobetreatedwithrespect.2.Peoplewith__________shouldnotbelookeddownupon.3.Hecamefromapoorfamilyandwas_______toaffordsoexpensiveaflat.4.Theunexpectedaccident_______herfromundertakingheavywork.disableddisableddisabilitiesunable2.Whathavetheydonetotrytoovercomethesedifficulties?他们做了哪些努力来克服这些困难？trytodosth.与trydoingsth.trydoingsth.意为试着做某事,而trytodosth.意为努力做某事3.Sheisproudtohavetakenpartincompetitionsandtohavebrokenarecordbyrunningtwolapsthisyear.今年她参加了多次比赛，而且打破了两圈(800米)赛跑的纪录。1)proudbeproudofsth.beproudtodobeproudthatYourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelveryproudtobeasinger.Heisproudthatheisanexcellentteacher.2)tohavedone是不定式的完成形式，这种形式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Shesaidshewassorrytohavemissedyou.她说她是很遗憾没有见到你。Hedoesn’tseemtohavetoldalie.他不像是说过谎的样子。Sheseemstohavebeenanurse.她好像当过护士。4.Inotherwords,therearenotmanypeoplelikeme.换句话说,像我这样的人并不多。inotherwords意为“换句话说”inword在口头上inwords用言语来表达ina/oneword简言之,总之Beartheminyourmind![考例]Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn’treachtherequiredstandard—______,youfailed.(NMET1999)A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime[点拨]根据句中的“didn’treachtherequiredstandard”和“youfailed”，可知是“换句话说”，故选C。intheend最终，最后；afterall毕竟,终究；atthesametime同时。5.Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadapttomydisability.不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。adapt(oneself)to使（某人自己）适合如：WhenwemovedtoFrance,thechildrenadaptedtothechangeveryquickly.我们搬到法国后,孩子们很快就适应了这个变化。adapt...from...从......选取/改编Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.这部电视剧是由小说改编而成的。WhenhemovedtoCanada,thechildren__________________________（很能适应变化）adaptedtothechangeverywell.•adapt:指修改或改变以适应新条件•adjust:多指“调整,调节”使之适应•fit:多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合”•suit:多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”•match:指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称辨析:adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match1).Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitis________toyoureyes.2).Theshoes___mewell.3).Aredjacketdoesn’t______greentrousers.4).Nodish______alltastes.5).Youshould______yourselftothenewenvironment.adjustedfitmatchsuitsadaptExercise6.Mymottois:liveonedayatatime.我的座右铭是:一次活一天。attimes有时atonetime以前，曾经intimeof在......的时候innotime很快Thinkandcompare!7.UntilIwastenyearsoldIwasthesameaseveryoneelse.一直到我大约十岁时,我都和其他人一样。until直到......为止conj.后接时间状语从句,也可用语强调结构。Peopledon’tknowthevalueofhealthuntiltheylostit.8.Iusedtoclimbtrees,swimandplayfootball.我过去常常爬树、游泳和踢足球。usedto表示过去经常的或持续的行为,现在已经不再发生。常用助动词did帮助构成否定句和疑问句。也可用usedn’t构成否定。Youusedtosmoke,usedn’tyou?/didn’tyou?usedto与wouldusedto指过去的状况,也可指习惯,现在并非如此，而would多指过去动作的反复,与现在无关。Hewouldgototheparkassoonashewasfree.Heusedtobeanaughtyboy.usedtodo,beusedtosth./doingsth.和beusedtodousedto表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在。beusedtosth./doingsth.表示“习惯于”beusedtosth.意为“被用来做某事”9.Istayedtherefornearlythreemonths.nearlyadv.1)almost差不多it’snearlytwoo’clock.2)closely密切地Thematterconcernsmenearly.nearly与almost：二者意义相近,肯定句中可以换用。一般almost的差距比nearly要小。另外almost可用never,no,none,nothing,nobody等否定词连用,notnearly是“远不如”的意思。Almostnooneknewher.Theoldmanisnearly80yearsold.Compare!10.IthinkIhadatleastabillion…[点拨]该句的主干为“Ithink”。think后接一个省略了that的宾语从句，且这个宾语从句又包含一个while引导的时间状语从句；including是介词，后接one作宾语，inwhich引导的定语从句修饰先行词one，且在这个定语从句中有两个由and连接的并列谓语。11.…,whenIgotoutofbreathafterrunningashortwayorhadtostop...outofbreath上气不接下气关于breath的短语：aboveone’sbreath高声地catchone’sbreath喘息，屏息getone’sbreathagain恢复常态wasteone’sbreath白费口舌takebreath歇口气holdone’sbreath屏息Beartheminyourmind!12.…myfellowstudentshaveacceptedme.accept与receiveaccept“接受,接纳”,指经过考虑,由主观意志来决定接受,动作者本身是主动的。Thinkandcompare:receive“接到,收到”,指客观上收到。Hereceivedmanylettersyesterday.Iacceptedhisapologies.13.AllinallIhaveagoodlife.IamhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando,likewritingandcomputerprogramming.总而言之,我生活得挺好。我很高兴地发现我能做许多事情，比如写作和计算机编程。[考点1]allinall总的来说Hehashisfaults,butallinallheisanhonestman.他有自己的缺点,但总体上看他还是诚实的。与all有关的短语：aboveall首先afterall毕竟allalone独自allatonce突然alltold总共forall尽管atall根本不,一点也不learnbyheart[考点2]tohavefound是不定式的完成式,表示此动作发生在主句动作之前。[考例]LeonardodaVinci(1452～1519)___birdskeptincagesinordertohavethepleasureofsettingthemfree.(重庆07)A.issaidtobebuyingB.issaidtohaveboughtC.hadsaidtobuyD.hassaidtohavebought[点拨]根据固定搭配sb./sth.issaidtodosth.（据说某人/物做某事）和买鸟这个动作发生在说之前，故用不定式的完成式，选B。14.Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.我没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。1)sitaround/about闲坐着Theirschoollifeisquiterelaxedandtheyhavetimetositaroundandgossip.他们的学校生活很轻松,还有时间坐在那里闲聊。feelingsorryformyself是动词-ing形式构成的短语,在句中作状语,表示伴随的情况。Shelayinbedstaringatthelastleafonthetree.她躺在床上，眼睛盯着树上那最后一片叶子。Thesoldiercameintothevillageridingahorse.那士兵骑着马进了村子。15.Inmanywaysmydisabilityhashelpedmegrowstrongerpsychologicallyandbecomemoreindependent.在许多方面，我身体的残疾使我心里上变得更加坚强、更加独立。不定式有两种,一种是带to的不定式，一种是不带to的不定式,某些动词如let,make,have等后面就接不带to的不定式。如：Letusbothhaveatryandseeifwecanpass.Imeanbothofus.咱俩都试试，看看能否通过，我是说我们两个都试试。Iknowweshouldhavelefttwen