毕业设计-我国BOT项目融资模式的现状及对策研究

摘要本文着重基于通过对BOT模式的含义和具体形式、运作程序、特点和作用等基础理论进行了简要论述,以及对BOT模式在发达国家和发展中国家的运用进行比较分析,并且基于对成都自来水六厂B厂BOT项目(此后简称为“成都BOT项目”)成功实践经验的总结,分析了在实施BOT项目时存在的主要问题,指出为了保证BOT项目的成功,我国应该进一步完善相应法律法规,改善投资环境,强化政府对项目的支持,在项目运作过程中政府应该注意对项目的选择,聘请专家为项目全过程提供技术支持以及加强政府对项目的支持,合理分担项目风险的,同时注意融资结构多元化,特别注意土地使用而引发的问题,做好土地资源的有效利用和土地使用过程中的协调和管理工作。通过对目前BOT项目实践的研究,分析了在我国在利用内资的BOT项目融资模式的必要性和可行性,提出我国已经具备了大规模利用内资BOT项目融资模式建设基础设施的条件,应该充分引入市场竞争机制,充分利用BOT项目融资模式加快我国基础设施建设的对策。关键词：BOT项目融资模式；我国BOT项目；我国BOT项目融资模式现状及对策研究AbstractThisarticlefocusesonBOTmodelbasedonthemeaningandspecificforms,operationalprocedures,characteristics,andtheroleofthebasictheoryisbrieflydiscussed,andtheBOTmodelforuseinbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries,acomparativeanalysis,andsixontapwaterinChengduPlantBPlantBOTProject(hereafterreferredtoasChengduBOTproject)successfulpracticeandexperience,analysisofBOTprojectsintheimplementationofthemainproblemspointedoutinordertoensurethesuccessofBOTprojects,Chinashouldfurtherimproverelevantlawsandregulations,improveinvestmentenvironment,strengthenthegovernment'ssupportfortheproject,inthecourseoftheprojecttheGovernmentshouldpayattentiontotheselectionofprojects,hireexpertsfortheprojecttoprovidetechnicalsupporttothewholeprocessandthestrengtheningofgovernmentsupportfortheproject,areasonableallocationofprojectrisks,bearinginmindthefinancingstructurediversity,payingparticularattentiontheproblemscausedbyland-use,efficientuseofresourcesandgetlandandlanduseintheprocessofcoordinationandmanagement.BOTprojectsthroughthepracticeofthepresentstudyanalyzedinthedomesticcapitalinChina'sBOTProjectFinancingnecessityandfeasibilityoflarge-scaledomesticcapitalinChinaalreadyhasamodelbuildingBOTinfrastructureprojectfinancingconditionsandshouldbefullyintroducedmechanismofmarketcompetition,makefulluseofBOTprojectfinancingapproachtospeedupinfrastructureconstructioninChinaStrategy.Keywords：BOTProjectFinancing；BOTProjectsinChina；BOTProjectFinancingofCurrentSituationandCountermeasures目录第一章BOT项目融资研究背景及研究意义...........................51.1研究背景............................................................................................................................51.1.1理论背景.................................................................................................................51.1.2现实背景.................................................................................................................51.2研究意义............................................................................................................................6第二章BOT项目融资的相关理论...........................................62.1BOT与特许经营..........................................................................................................62.1.1BOT...................................................................................................................62.1.2特许经营..................................................................................................................72.2BOT项目的风险及其控制.................................................................................................82.2.1风险分类..................................................................................................................82.2.2风险分担原则..........................................................................................................82.2.3主要控制方式..........................................................................................................82.3BOT项目的若干法律问题.................................................................................................92.3.1投资商与项目公司..................................................................................................92.3.2产权归属..................................................................................................................92.3.3偏差与违约..............................................................................................................9第三章我国BOT项目融资模式的现状与问题......................93.1我国项目融资BOT模式的现状......................................................................................93.1.1对我国BOT项目融资模式的现状进行分析........................................................93.1.2找出我国BOT项目融资模式中存在的问题......................................................10第四章针对我国BOT项目融资模式中存在的问题寻找对策114.1六B厂存在的问题..........................................................................................................114.1.1用水需求预测出现较大偏差...............................................................................114.1.2项目执行导致成都自来水公司出现了巨额亏损................................................114.1.3质疑政府在确认谈判中对外方作出了较多的让步............................................124.2普遍存在的问题...............................................................................................................124.2.1关于固定回报问题................................................................................................124.2.2关于财务模型设计与现金流匹配问题................................................................134.2.3关于自来水公司与项目公司市场化程度不一致问题........................................144.3发达国家BOT项目的经验教训...........................