少数民族的相关知识英文PPT

2/21/20202/21/20202/21/20202/21/20202/21/20202/21/2020CultureofChineseEthnicMinorities2/21/2020Contents•BriefIntroduction•Distribution•TheHanNationality•Representativesofethnicgroups2/21/2020BriefIntroduction•Chinaisanationof56ethnicgroups.Eachoftheethnicgroupshasadistinctiveanddiffferentcharacter.Thelargestgroup,theHan,makesupover92%ofChina'svastpopulation,anditistheelementsofHancivilizationthatworldconsidersChineseculture.Yet,the55ethnicminorities,nestledawayonChina'svastfrontiers,maintaintheirownrichtraditionsandcustoms,andallareapartofChineseculture.2/21/2020BriefIntroduction•Alltherestcombinetomakeupjust8.41%oftheseminoritygroups,andthelargestistheZhuang,withmorethan15millionpeople;nextcometheManchu,Hui,Miao,Uygur(维吾尔族)，Yi,andTujiapeoples,eachhasapopulationofoverfivemillion.2/21/2020Whatdeterminesanethnicgroup?2/21/20204Reasons•1.Distinctlanguage53ethnicgroupsusespokenlanguagesoftheirown,and23ethnicgroupshavetheirownwrittenlanguages.•2.ARecognizedIndigenousHomeland•3.DistinctiveCustomsRangingfromdresses,marriagerituals,cuisines,religions,andsoforth.•4.AStrongSenseofIdentity2/21/2020Agreatefforthasbeenmadebythestatetopromotethedevelopmentofculture,educationandmedicalworkintheminorityareas.2/21/2020Specialandnecessaryallowancesforeducationandmedicalcarehavebeenprovidedtotheminoritynationalitiesandwidemarginshavebeengiventostudentsfromminoritynationalitiesintheirentranceexaminationsforuniversitystudy;Mobilemedicalteamshavebeensenttogivefreemedicalcare,andhealthyandmedicalestablishmentshavebeensetupinmanyplacesforthetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases;Thespreadingoftheknowledgeonhygieneandthetrainingoflocalmedicalworkersarebeneficialforminoritynationalities.2/21/2020EthnicGroupPopulation(1,000s)MajorAreasofDistributionAchang27.7YunnanBai1,598.1Yunnan,GuizhouBao'an11.7GansuBouyei2,548.3GuizhouBulang82.4YunnanDai1,025.4YunnanDaur121.5InnerMongolia,Heilongjiang,XinjiangDe'ang15.5YunnanDong2,506.8Guizhou,Hunan,GuangxiDongxiang373.7Gansu,XinjiangDrung5.8YunnanEwenki26.4InnerMongolia,HeilongjiangHani1,254.8YunnanHezhen4.3HeilongjiangChineseethnicgroupdistributionlist2/21/2020Hui8,612.0Ningxia,Gansu,Henan,Hebei,Qinghai,Shandong,Yunnan,Xinjiang,Anhui,Liaoning,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Shaanxi,Beijing,TianjinGaoshan2.9Taiwan(populationnotcounted),FujianGelo438.2Guizhou,GuangxiJing18.7GuangxiJingpo119.3YunnanJino18.0YunnanKazak1,110.8Xinjiang,Gansu,QinghaiKirgiz143.5Xinjiang,HeilongjiangKorean1,923.4Jilin,Liaoning,Heilongjiang2/21/2020Lahu411.5YunnanLi1,112.5HainanLisu574.6Yunnan,SichuanLoba2.3TibetManchu8,846.8Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Hebei,Beijing,InnerMongoliaMaonan72.4GuangxiMiao7,383.6Guizhou,Hunan,Yunnan,Guangxi,Sichuan,Hainan,HubeiMongba7.5TibetMongolian4,802.4InnerMongolia,Xinjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Gansu,Hebei,Henan,Qinghai2/21/2020Mulam160.6GuangxiNaxi277.8Yannan,SichuanNu27.2YunnanOroqen7.0InnerMongolia,HeilongjiangOzbek14.8XinjiangPumi29.7YunnanQiang198.3SichuanRussian13.5XinjiangSalar87.5Qinghai,GansuShe634.7Fujian,Zhejiang,Jiangxi,GuangdongShui347.1Guizhou,GuangxiTajik33.2XinjiangTartar5.1Xinjiang2/21/2020Tibetan4,593.1Tibet,Qinghai,Sichuan,Gansu,YunanTu192.6Qinghai,GansuTujia5,725.0Hunnan,HubeiUygur7,207.0XinjiangVa352.0YunnanXibo172.9Xinjiang,Liaoning,JilinYao2,137.0Guangxi,Hunan,Ynnan,Guangdong,GuizhouYi6,578.5Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,GuangxiYugu12.3GansuZhuang15,555.8Guangxi,Yunnan,Guangdong,Guizhou2/21/20202/21/20202/21/20202/21/2020TheHanNationalityTheHanChineseareethnicgroupnativestoEastAsia.Theyconstituteapproximately92%ofthepopulationofChina,98%ofthepopulationofTaiwan,74%ofthepopulationofSingapore,24.5%ofthepopulationofMalaysia,andabout20%oftheentireglobalhumanpopulation,makingthemthelargestethnicgroupintheworld.2/21/2020Dress--HanfuToday,HanChineseusuallywearWestern-styleclothing.FewwearstraditionalHanfuonaregularbasis.Ttis,however,preservedinreligiousandceremonialcostumes.Now,themostpopulartraditionalChineseclothingwornbymanywomenonimportantoccasionssuchasweddingbanquetsandNewYeariscalledtheqipao.However,thisattirecomesnotfromtheHanChinesebutfromamodifieddress-codeoftheManchus,theethnicgroupthatruledChinabetweenthe17th(1644)andtheearly20thcentury(1911).2/21/20202/21/20202/21/20202/21/2020RepresentativesofethnicgroupsItake3ethnicminoritiesasexamplestointroduceChineseethnicculture:Manchu,Dai,andMiao.2/21/2020Manchu2/21/2020PopulationandDistribution•Today,theManethnicminorityhasapopulationofover10million.TheylivemainlyinHeilongjiang,JilinandLiaoningProvincesofnorthChinaalthoughtheManchucanbefoundinthemostofChina'sothercitiesaswell.2/21/2020Manchu---Food•TheManpeoplehaveadistinctivecuisinewithtypicaldishesthatincludebloodsausage,andbobo,atypeofsteamedcake.•InManculture,eatingthemeatofdogsoranyproductderivedfromdogsisshunned.2/21/2020bobo2/21/2020bloodsausage2/21/2020shaqima2/21/2020ManhanFeast2/21/2020Dai2/21/2020Dai•TheDainationalityhasapopulationof1,620,000peoplewith1,014,000ofthemmainlylivinginthedistrictofDehongprefecture(专区)andXishuangbanna.2/21/20202/21/2020theWater-SprinklingFestival2/21