高中英语语法-主语从句(共22张PPT)

1TheSubjectClause主语从句2一、主语从句的定义二、主语从句的构成三、主语从句的引导词四、it可作形式主语五、主语从句需注意的问题3找出下列句子中的主语：1)Youareastudent.2)Hisjobisimportant.3)Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.4)Smokingisbadforyou.5)Whathedoesisimportant.主语是动作的发出者或受到描述的对象。通常位于谓语动词或系动词之前。4一、主语从句的定义：在复合句中位于谓语动词或系动词之前充当主语的句子，叫主语从句。Thatheisstillaliveisawonder.二、主语从句的构成：引导词+简单句+谓语动词/系动词+其他成分.Whathewantsisabook.5三、主语从句的引导词：从属连词:that,whether；连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what；whatever，whoever，whichever连接副词:when,where,how,why。61.thatthat引导主语从句,that在从句中只起连接作用，不作成分，没有意义，不能省略。Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.whether1)whether引导主语从句，译为“是否”,不能省略。1.if不能引导表语从句。Whetherhe’llcomehereisaproblem.73.who,whom,whose,what,whichwhen,where,how,why1)wh-词各有自己的实际意义，2)在从句中作成分，3)不能省略，4）从句中要用陈述语序。Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whatshesaidtodaywasquiteright.8Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Whereandwhenhewasbornisasecret.Whyhecamehereisnotknown.Howwecanprotecttheendangeredanimalsneedstobediscussed.Howmanypeoplediedintheearthquakewasunknown.9注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)来的人将受到欢迎。Whateverhedidwasright.(whatever=thethingthat)他所做的事情是正确的。Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.(whichever=anyoneofyouwho)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。10四、it可作形式主语为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.其结构为：It+谓语动词/系动词+宾语/表语+主语从句.例如:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.=Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.2.whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.=Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.111.It+be+形容词+that从句(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,…)如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.2.It+be+名词词组+that从句(anhonor,afact,apity,…）如：It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.用it作形式主语的结构：123.It+be+过去分词+that从句(said,reported,believed,suggested,known,thought,expected,decided,…）如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.=Mr.GreenissaidtohavearrivedinBeijing.主语+issaidtodotobedoingtohavedone(动作发生在issaid之前)tohavebeendonetohavebeendoing13•Heissaidtogoabroadsoon.据说他不久要出国。•表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或将要发生•Thetigersaresaidtobeendangered.据说这些虎处于濒危状态•表示一般情况(尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时)。•Theyaresaidtoberesearchingintothequestion.所说他们正在研究这个问题。•Thefilmissaidtohavebeengoingonfortwomonths.据说这部电影已经上演两个月了。•Thisbookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseveralforeignlanguages.据说这本书已经被译成好几种外语。14•4.It+不及物动词或短语+that从句•(seem,happen,doesn’tmatter,…）如：•IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.(碰巧…)•Itseemsthathehasknownit.(好像...)•Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.15注意:that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去。1.Itissuggested(ordered,required...)that...+(should)do“据建议；有命令,有人要求…”该句型中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时e.g.Itissuggestedthatwe（should）goatonce.Itisrequiredthateveryonehereshouldbeabletousecomputer.2.Itisimportant/necessary/strange...that...+(should)doe.g.ItisimportantthatthestudentslearnEnglishwell.Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.Itisnecessarythatyoushouldmasterthecomputer.161.主语从句的“that”一般不能省；2.主语从句中用陈述语序；3.主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导；五、主语从句需注意的问题174.主语从句后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数；Whetherhe’llcomehere____(be)notclear.5.what引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。Whatyouleft_____(be)onlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaid____(be)ofgreatimportance.isareis181.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatItWhether改错练习:195.Itissaythathewasafamouswriter.6.Itisseemedthatitisgoingtorainsoon.7.Wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.saidseemsWhoever201._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether2.__________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This3.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That√√√单项选择：214.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturningwhite.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for5._______hesaidatthemeetingshockedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter6._________wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what√√√227.________we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where8.________youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether9.________causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where√√√