2018届高考英语短文改错课件(共18张)(共18张PPT)

宏观考向词法句法行文逻辑微观考法考点频次设误角度考点频次考点频次动词21时态、语态、非谓语动态、情态动词并列连词5时态一致7名词7可数不可数，单复数、所有格代词10主格与宾格、形容词性与名词性物主代词、、反身代词不定代词从句引导词5形容词、副词10原级、比较级、最高级指代一致6冠词8不定冠词、定冠词还是零冠词主谓一致0介词7基本用法、固定搭配逻辑一致6数词1基数词与序数词therebe句型与特殊句式0词性误词7形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词2015--2017全国卷考点分布五解题策略——3步解题法第一步从语篇入手，理解大意，着眼时态和语态时态误用主动语态与被动语态误用短文改错取材于考生作文在时态上常用一般现在时和一般过去时，有些句子中谓语动词的时态和语态本身没有什么错误，只有立足于上下文才能发下其中的错误。第二步从句子入手动词名词形容词、副词冠词介词从句引导词时态语态主谓一致错误非谓语动词错误单复数使用及所有格的错用混淆形容词、的副词词性原级、比较级和最高级的误用错用由现在分词和过去分词转化的形容词a/an/the错用及缺失与多余及物动词后多用了介词不及物动词后少了介词搭配中介词的错用代词主格和宾格；物主代词；反身代词；不定代词第三步从行文逻辑入手，兼顾上下审查连代并列连词连词的错用，如and和but等连词的多余，如前面有although，不能再用but代词类错误人称是否一致单复数是否一致前后指代是否一致逻辑类错误Besides，however，therefore一看“一致性”：主谓是否一致；指代是否一致；修饰语与被修饰语是否一致；前后时态是否一致；单复数是否一致等。二看“搭配”：动宾是否搭配；动词与介词是否搭配；介词与名词是否搭配；固定搭配是否正确等。三看“词法或语法”：冠词the,a,an的误用；非谓语动词的误用；连接词的误用；形容词与副词的误用；时态与语态使用不当；并列连词的误用；名词单复数的误用等。四看“逻辑”：并列句中的连词、主从复合句中的从属连词是否运用得当。四看：改动以最少为原则，虚词以添加或删除为原则，实词以改变词形为原则，以保持句子原意为原则。四原则：1.核对错误项时，若有一时难以判断的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合1∶1∶8的比例，即多词一题，缺词一题，错词八题。2.书写规范，格式正确，减少低级错误。规范答题高考真题评讲（P138）(2017全国卷Ⅰ)Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！”IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Step1.浏览文章时态语态MainideaThepassagemainlytalksabouttheauthor’s_______________________________.experienceoftakingdrivinglessons.主要时态一般过去时goes改为went小明出生于21世纪五月3日，明天是他15岁生日。Step2.入手句子SentencebysentenceS1.Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.eighteen改为eighteenth考点：表达世纪、生日和日期，常用序数词。XiaomingwasbornonMay3rdinthe21stcentury,anditishisfifteenthbirthdaytomorrow.数词错误行文逻辑错误Step2.入手句子SentencebysentenceS2.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.first前加theS3.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.so改为but/yet冠词缺失Step2.入手句子SentencebysentenceS4.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.word改为wordsS5.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！”Turning改为Turn名词词单复数动词形式Step2.入手句子SentencebysentenceS6.IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.去掉muchlate改为laterS7.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.代词多余形容词副词Step2.入手句子SentencebysentenceS8.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.suddenly改为suddenon改为in形容词副词误用介词搭配Step3.检查核对行文是否流畅，合乎逻辑；错误类型及数量是否合适；高考真题练习（P138）(2017全国卷Ⅱ)Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables!备考指导：1.多读多听多背诵，培养语感。2.在写作中，有意识地注意自己容易犯的错误，总结错误类型，加强写作训练，强化正确的语言意识，最终达到正确运用语言的目的。3.多做高考真题专项限时训练。Homework(2017全国卷Ⅲ)WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.（P138）