聚酯PET热灌装饮料瓶基础知识（PPT43页)

Range范围Advantages效益Specifics细节Heat-resistantbottles热灌装瓶Description描述SpecificsBasicprinciple基本原理Hot-filling热灌装Pasteurization巴氏杀菌Purposeofheat-setting加热设定的目的Wateruptakeconcept吸水概念Basicprinciple基本原理Blow-moldingofPETbottlestowithstandhightemperatureswithnodeformation所吹制的PET瓶必须能承受高温而不变形standardbottlesaredeformedundertheeffectofheatfrom60°Cupwards标准的瓶子加热至60°C以上开始变形adaptationofheatconditioningandblow-moldingprocessesenablesbottlestowithstandtemperaturesofupto88°C适当的加热条件和吹瓶工艺能使瓶子承受88°C的温度Applicationtothepackagingofsensitivedrinkssuchasisotonics,fruitjuices,teasetc.应用作敏感饮料包装例如等压、果汁、茶等Hotfilling热灌装Pasteurization巴氏杀菌Hotfilling热灌装Operatingmethod操作方法Theliquidisraisedtoatemperatureenablingittobesterilized液体温度提升至能灭菌的温度Thebottleisfilledatthistemperature(upto88°C)瓶子在这温度下(高至88°C)灌装Sterlizationofthecapisobtainedbycontactwiththehotliquid瓶盖与热的液体接触进行灭菌Gradualcooling分段冷却Specificstressfactors特殊的应力因素Inflationthencollapsing膨胀后扁平Localdeformation局部变形Contraction收缩Inflationthencollapsing膨胀后扁平Riseintemperatureofthematerialcombinedwithmechanicalstress含有机械应力的材料温度升高materialissoftened,easilydeformed材料变软，容易变形Hydrostaticpressureexertedbytheliquidonthewalls:bottleinflation液体在瓶壁上产生向外的静压：瓶膨胀Expansionoftheairintheheadarea:increasedinflation顶部空气膨胀：增加膨胀Effectofinternalvacuumpressureresultingfromthecoolingoftheliquidandtheairintheheadarea:phenomenonknownas“collapsing”由液体和瓶颈空气冷却而产生真空压力：已知现象如“扁平”Localdeformation局部变形Stressexertedlocallyduringpackaging在包装过程中外界压力局部地作用Mechanicalstressexertedbythecap:riskofdeformation封盖的机械应力：变形的风险Conveyingofthefilledbottleswhilestillhot:deformationoncontactwiththetransportandguidingequipment已灌装的瓶输送静止受热：与输送链条接触和导向处变形Contactoftheunstretchedneckwiththehotliquid:thematerialbecomesplastic,deformationispossible未拉伸的瓶颈与热的液体接触：材料成为塑料态，有可能变形Contraction收缩Deformationresultingfromtheintrinsicpropertiesofthematerial材料的固有特性导致变形Releaseundertheeffectofheatofthestressfactorscausedbystretchingandwhichremaininthematerialafterblow-molding拉伸和吹塑后残留在材料里的应力在热量的作用下被释放Deformationofthematerialwhichnaturallytendstowardsastateinwhichthelevelofstressislowest材料的变形自然趋向于低应力水平的状态“Memory”effect“记忆”效应Pasteurization巴氏杀菌Principle原理Fillingattemperaturesclosetoambient灌注温度接近于周围环境Pasteurizationtunnel.Feethroughofthebottlefilledandcappedunderhotshowers.Atemperatureof75°Cismaintainedinthecoreoftheliquidfor10min(25minat65°Cforcarbonateddrinks)已灌注和封盖的瓶子通过有热喷淋的隧道进行巴氏杀菌，液体中心温度维持在75°C、10分钟(汽水为65°C、25分钟)Coolingundershowersatbetween20and40°C喷淋冷却至20~40°C之间Specificstressfactors特殊的应力因素Inflation膨胀Contraction收缩Inflation膨胀Riseintemperatureofthematerialcombinedwithmechanicalstress含有机械应力的材料温度升高expansionoftheairintheheadarea:inflationofthebottle顶部区域空气膨胀：瓶子膨胀ReleaseofCO2bycarbonateddrinks:increasedinflation碳酸饮料CO2释放：增加膨胀Internalpressurepersistsaftercooling,despitethedecreaseinvolumeoftheliquid.冷却后内部压力持续，尽管液体体积减少Contraction收缩Deformationresultingfromtheintrinsicpropertiesofthematerial材料的固有特性导致变形Releaseundertheeffectofheatofthestressfactorscausedbystretchingandwhichremaininthematerialafterblow-molding拉伸和吹塑后残留在材料里的应力在热量的作用下被释放Deformationofthematerialwhichnaturallytendstowardsastateinwhichthelevelofstressislowest材料的变形自然趋向于低应力水平的状态“Memory”effect“记忆”效应Purposeofheat-setting加热设定的目的Improvementinheatresistance改进耐热性Increaseincrystallinity增加结晶度Preventionofcontraction防止收缩Limitedgenerationofinducedstress(processandpreformdesign)限制诱导应力的产生(生产和瓶坯设计)Relaxationofresidualinducedstress(molds)残留的诱导应力松弛(模具)Increaseincrystallinity增加结晶度Offsetoftheglasstransitiontemperature抵消玻璃化转变温度Glasstransitiontemperatureraisedtoalevelhigherthanthetemperaturestowhichthebottlewillbesubjected玻璃化温度升高至较高程度会影响瓶子Enhanceddevelopmentofspheruliticcrystallization球状结晶的发展增多OperatingrangeOperatingrangeGlasstransitiontemp.玻璃化温度Glasstransitiontemp.玻璃化温度Developmentofspheruliticcrystallinity球状结晶的发展Enhancedheat-conditioningofthepreformintheovenandhotmold增大加热炉和模具内瓶坯的加热温度Highdegreeofcrystallinity提高结晶度Preformundergoespowerfulheat-conditioningbeforebeingquicklytransferredforblow-molding.瓶坯进入吹模之前充分受热Enhancesthegenerationofspheruliticcrystallizationinthebottleoncontactwiththehotmoldafterthestartofcrystallizationcausedbybi-orientation.当由拉伸引起的结晶开始后瓶与热模接触所产生的球状结晶增加30to35%comparedwithamaximumof25%forstandardbottles与最大结晶度为25%的标准瓶相比热灌装瓶结晶度为30~35%Reductionintheamorphousphasewhichismoresensitivetoheat调节热量减少无定型状态Limitedinducedstress限制诱导应力Slow-speedstretching较慢的拉伸速度Stretchingspeedissufficientlyslowtoenabletherearrangementofthemolecularchainsasdeformationtakesplace拉伸速度较慢使分子链重新整理是发生变形的原因Molecular分子rearrangementlimitsthestressinducedbystretching拉伸限制诱导应力的产生V1V2V1Relaxationofinducedstress诱导应力松弛Blow-moldinginhotmolds在热模内吹塑Thebottleiskeptunderpressureinthehotmold瓶在热模内保压Heatinputincreasesthemobilityofthemolecularchainsinrelationtoeachother热量输入增加分子链彼此之间的活性Rearrangementofthemolecularchainsmeanstheyreachalowstresslevel分子链的重新整理意味着达到一个较低的应力水平“Natural”relaxationinthewallsofthebottleplatedbypressureagainstthemold瓶壁的“自然”松弛是由于逆反模具压力的结果Stabilizationbyair-cooling空气冷却稳定瓶子形状Air-coo