高速加工中心电主轴的静动态特性分析

ee高速加工中心电主轴的静动态特性分析ee（ee）指导老师：ee[摘要]：作为加工中心重要部件之一的电主轴，研究电主轴系统的静动态特性分析为加工中心的发展奠定基础，本文研究主要内容如下；第一;从设计电主轴应考虑的问题出发，确定电主轴的基本参数及其结构，合理选择轴承及确定轴承的支撑形式，主轴的冷却方式，润滑方式等。第二;应用机械动力学原理，建立符合高速主轴单元的动力学微分方程，通过求解得到固有频率和振型，分析影响电主轴静动态特性的主要原因。第三;应用ANSYS软件对电主轴单元进行了模态分析和谐响应分析。模态分析得到了电主轴的各阶振型和固有频率，以及临界转速；谐响应分析得到电主轴前端对频率的响应位移曲线，并提出改善电主轴动态特性的措施。[关键字]：电主轴；静态特性；动态特性；ANSYSeeAnalysisOfStaticAndDynamicCharacteristicsOfHighSpeedMachiningCenterSpindleee(ees)Tutor:eeAbstract:Asoneoftheimportantcomponentsofmachiningcenterspindle,electro-spindlesystemofstaticanddynamiccharacteristicanalysisoftheFoundationfordevelopmentofmachiningcenters,andmaincontentsofthepaperareasfollows.Firstlyspindlefromthedesignissuesthatshouldbeconsideredtodeterminethebasicparametersandstructureofspindleandbearingselectionanddeterminereasonablebearingformofsupport,thespindlecooling,lubricationandsoon.Secondlymechanicaldynamics,high-speedspindledynamicsofdifferentialequationswasestablished,obtainedbysolvingnaturalfrequenciesandmodes,analyzingthemaincauseofelectricspindleofstaticanddynamiccharacteristics.ThirdlyapplicationofANSYSsoftwareinelectricspindleunitsthemodalanalysisandharmonicresponseanalysis.Modalanalysisofspindleofthefirstmodeshapeandnaturalfrequenciesandcriticalspeeds;harmonicresponseanalysiselectro-spindleonfrequencyresponsecurve,andmeasureswasproposedtoimprovedynamiccharacteristicsofelectricspindle.Keywords：Electricspindle:Staticcharacteristics:Dynamiccharacteristics:ANSYS.ee-I-目录1.绪论...............................................................................................................................................................11.1课题研背景及意义..............................................................................................................11.2电主轴技术的研究现状...................................................................................................11.2.1高速电主轴国内研究现状................................................................................11.2.2高速电主轴国外研究现状................................................................................21.2.3高速加工中心的电主轴的国内外的发展趋势......................................21.3本课题研究的目的..............................................................................................................31.4本章小结...................................................................................................................................32.高速电主轴..............................................................................................................................................42.1高速电主轴设计中应考虑的问题..............................................................................42.2高速电主轴的基本参数与结构...................................................................................42.2.1高速电主轴的基本参数......................................................................................42.2.2高速电主轴的结构................................................................................................52.3高速电主轴的支撑形式与轴承选择........................................................................62.4高速电主轴的润滑..............................................................................................................62.5高速电主轴的冷却..............................................................................................................62.6电主轴的静态特性..............................................................................................................72.7主轴的动态特性...................................................................................................................72.7.1电主轴单元多自由度振动微分方程.........................................................82.7.2子空间迭代法......................................................................................................112.8本章小结...............................................................................................................................12ee-I-3.电主轴静动态特性的有限元分析...............................................................................133.1电主轴有限元模型的建立......................................................................................133.2电主轴静力学分析..........................................................................................................143.2.1典型受力条件下的主轴受力计算..........................................................143.2.2电主轴单元静力分析....................................................................................153.3高速电主轴的模态分析............................................................................................163.4高速电主轴的谐响应分析........................................................................................183.5提高电主轴单元动态性能的措施........................................................................193.6本章小结...............................................................................................................................194.结论..................................................................................................................................................20致谢..................................................................