国际音标教学PPT

Jul9th,20101音素和国际音标1．英语26个字母中，有5个元音字母：a,e,i,o,u。字母y在其后无元音字母时，充当元音字母，发音与i相同，称为半元音字母，作为辅音发j的音（如：yes）,作为元音发i的音（如：systemuniversity）。其余的叫做辅音字母。2．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。3．音素的分类：元音和辅音。4．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。5．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。Jul9th,20102元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。Jul9th,20103音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shineb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm4Part1:认识26个字母并了解其发音，5个元音，21个辅音。Part2:认识48个国际音标，20个元音（12个单元音，8个双元音），28个辅音（其中有10对兄弟-一清一浊，8个单个辅音）；知道什么是音标以及音标的符号。音标的作用?课程安排:Lesson1-认识26个英文字母和48个国际音标相当于汉语中的拼音，方便识字。Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm5Part2-认识48个国际音标单元音(12个)：/i://ɪ//e//æ//ʌ//ɜ://ə//ɑ://ɒ//ɔ://ʊ//u:/双元音(8个)：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/辅音(10对20个：清浊)：/p/&/b/;/t/&/d/;/k/&/g/;/f/&/v//s/&/z/;/θ/&/ð/;/ʃ/&/ʒ/;/tʃ/&/dʒ/;/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/辅音（单个8个）/m//n//ŋ//ǀ//h//r//j//w/;也称半元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm6Part1:学习前1-4号单元音单元音：/i://ɪ//e//æ/。Part2:学习前3对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/p/&/b/;/t/&/d/;/k/&/g/。学习掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:Lesson2–学习4个单元音和6个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm7学习音标之前先来搞清楚发音的部位：1./i:/eesee/si:/beef/bi:f/tree/tri:/green/gri:n/eaeat/i:t/sea/si:/tea/ti:/please/pli:z/iechief/tʃi:f/field/fi:ld/piece/pi:s/thief/θi:f/ehe/hi:/she/ʃi:/we/wi:/these/ði:z/2./ɪ/ibig/bɪg/it/ɪt/kid/kɪd/pig/pig/以y/ey结尾twenty/twenti/monkey/mʌŋki/money/mʌni/3./e/ehen/hen/egg/eg/red/red/pen/pen/eahead/hed/ready/redi/bread/bred/breakfast/brekfəst/4./æ/abag/bæg/cap/kæp/can/kæn/fat/fæt/前4号元音的发音特点是：声带振动，嘴型越来越大。Part1–学习前4号单元音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm81./p/p清辅音pig/pig/cap/kæp/park/pɑ:k//b/b浊辅音bag/bæg/bee/bi:/boy/bɔɪ/2./t/t清辅音it/ɪt/tiger/taɪgə/table/teibl//d/d浊辅音dog/dɒg/desk/desk/door/dɔ:/3./k/c/ck/k清辅音week/wi:k/cat/kæt/cock/kɒk//g/g浊辅音bag/bæg/good/gʊd/green/gri:n/Part2–学习前3对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm95./ɑ:/aclass/klɑ:s/father/fɑ:ðə/pass/pɑ:s/vase/vɑ:z/arcar/kɑ:/card/kɑ:d/park/pɑ:k/party/pɑ:ti/6./ʌ/ubus/bʌs/cup/kʌp/duck/dʌk/ocome/kʌm/some/sʌm/mother/mʌðə/outouch/tʌtʃ/young/jʌŋ/country/kʌtri/7./ɒ/odog/dɒg/not/nɒt/cock/kɒk/shop/ʃɒp/awant/wɒnt/wash/wɒʃ/what/wɒt/Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm108./ɔ:/aall/ɔ:l/ball/bɔ:l/call/kɔ:l/tall/ɔ:l/alchalk/tʃɔ:k/walk/wɔ:k/talk/tɔ:k/orfork/fɔ:k/horse/hɔ:s/sword/sɔ:d/aucause/kɔ:z/pause/pɔ:z/fault/fɔ:lt/awdraw/drɔ:/law/lɔ:/hawk/hɔ:k/9./ʊ/ulook/lʊk/put/pʊt/pull/pʊl/sugar/ʃʊgə/oobook/bʊk/cook/kʊk/good/gʊd/look/lʊk/10./u:/oocool/ku:l/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/zoo/zu:/ousoup/su:p/group/gru:p/through/θru:/uijuice/dʒu:s/fruit/fru:t/ublue/blu:/glue/glu:/5-10号元音的发音特点是：声带振动Part1–5-10号单元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm114./f/f清辅音farm/fɑ:m/five/faɪv/fire/faɪə/knife/naɪf/ph清辅音phone/fəʊn/photo/fəʊtəʊ//v/v浊辅音five/faɪv/vase/vɑ:z/drive/draɪv/very/veri/5./s/c清辅音face/feɪs/ice/aɪs/nice/naɪs/rice/raɪs/s清辅音see/si:/sit/sit/sew/səʊ/study/stʌdi//z/s浊辅音vase/vɑ:z/please/pli:z/easy/i:zi/z浊辅音zip/zip/zoo/zu:/zebra/zebrə/zero/zɪərəʊ/6./θ/th清辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ//ð/th浊辅音this/ðis/that/ðæt/those/ðəʊz/these/ði:z/Part2–学习另3对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm12Part1:学习5-10号单元音单元音:/ɑ://ʌ//ɒ//ɔ://ʊ//u:/。Part2:学习另3对辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/f/&/v/;/s/&/z/;/θ/&/ð/。掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:Lesson3–学习6个单元音和6个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm13Part1:学习11-12号单元音单元音:/ə//ɜ:/学习18-20号双元音双元音：/ɪə//eə//ʊə/Part2:学习另2对辅音+3个单独辅音并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/ʃ/&/ʒ/;/tʃ/&/dʒ/;/m//n//ŋ/掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:Lesson4–学习2个单&3双元音和7个辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1411./ɜ:/erher/hɜ:/term/tɜ:m/irbird/bɜ:d/girl/gɜ:l/skirt/skɜ:t/first/fɜ:st/orword/wɜ:d/work/wɜ:k/urnurse/nɜ:s/fur/fɜ:/12./ə/aabout/əbaut/sofa/səufə/China/tʃainə/eopen/əupən/travel/’trævəl/ordoctor/dɒktə/actor/æktə/erteacher/ti:tʃə/farmer/fa:mə/driver/draɪvə/mother/mʌðə/Part1–学习11-12号单元音18-20号双元音职业的结尾or或erJul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1518./ɪə/earear/ɪə/dear/dɪə/hear/hɪə/tear/tɪə/eerbeer/bɪə/deer/dɪə/19./eə/airair/eə/chair/tʃeə/hair/heə/pair/peə/arecare/keə/dare/deə/share/ʃeə/earbear/beə/pear/peə/20./ʊə/oorpoor/pʊə/tour/tʊə/uresure/ʃʊə/assure/ə’ʃʊə/Part1–学习11-12号单元音18-20号双元音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm167./ʃ/sh清辅音fish/fɪʃ/ship/ʃɪp/shoes/ʃu:z/wish/wiʃ//ʃ/s清辅音sure/ʃʊə//ʒ/s浊辅音measure/meʒə/pleasure/pleʒə/8./tʃ/ch清辅音chess/tʃes/child/tʃaɪld/chick/tʃɪk//dʒ/g浊辅音age/eɪdʒ/magic/mædʒɪk/page/peɪdʒ/j浊辅音jam/dʒæm/jeep/dʒi:p/jump/dʒʌmp/26./m/m浊辅音math/mæθ/month/mʌnθ/mouth/maʊθ/27./n/n浊辅音no/nəʊ/number/nʌmbə/knee/ni:/nine/naɪn/28./ŋ/ng浊辅音morning/mɔ:nɪŋ/sleeping/sli:piŋ/Part2–学习另2对辅音+3个单独辅音26/27/28为鼻辅音Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm17Part1:学习13-17号双元音音标双元音：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ/Part2:学习另2对辅音音标并了解其发音口型和部位，分清清辅音和浊辅音的区别。辅音：/tr/&/dr/;/ts/&/dz/掌握本课所学音标，并且掌握字母组合发音的规则及相关的例词；课程安排:Lesson5–学习5双元音和2对辅音音标Jul9th,20108:00-9:30amor4:00-5:30pm1813./eɪ/acake/keɪk/game/geɪm/plane/pleɪn/take/teɪk/plate/pleɪt/wake/weɪk/snake/sneɪk/14./əʊ/odon’t/də