ulysses

PoetLaureateoftheUnitedKingdomduringmuchofQueenVictoria'sreignandremainsoneofthemostpopularpoetsintheEnglishlanguageTennysonexcelledatpenningshortlyrics,forexampleBreak,Break,Break“HeistheninthmostfrequentlyquotedwriterinTheOxfordDictionaryofQuotations.In1829hewasawardedtheChancellor'sGoldMedalatCambridgeforoneofhisfirstpieces,Timbuctoo廷巴克图UlyssesUlyssesisthemostrepresentativeworkoftheStreamofconsciousness,andalsoisthegreatestnovelin20thcentury.Wrotein1833isapoeminblankverseTennysonreworksthefigureofUlyssesbydrawingontheancientheroofHomer’sOdyssey(“Ulysses”istheRomanformoftheGreek“Odysseus”)andthemediheroofDante’sInferno.QuoteWilliamShakespeare’sworksHomer'sOdysseyprovidesthepoem'snarrativebackgroundTennyson'scharacter,however,isnottheloverofpublicaffairsseeninHomer'spoems.Rather,UlyssefromDante'sInfernoisTennyson'smainsourceforthecharacterthispoemisalsoanelegyforadeeplycherishedfriend-ArthurHenryHallam(哈勒姆)“Ulysses,”likemanyofTennyson’sotherpoems,dealswiththedesiretoreachbeyondthelimitsofone’sfieldofvisionandthemundane世俗的detailsofeverydaylife.Itlittleprofitsthatanidleking,Bythisstillhearth,amongthesebarrencrags,Matchedwithanagedwife,ImeteanddoleUnequallawsuntoasavagerace,Thathoard,andsleep,andfeed,andknownotme.这太无谓——当一个闲散的君主安居家中，在这个嶙峋的岛国．我与年老的妻子相匹，颁布着不公的法律，治理野蛮的种族，——他们吃、睡、收藏，而不理解我。Icannotrestfromtravel;Iwilldrinklifetothelees.AlltimesIhaveenjoyedGreatly,havesufferedgreatly,bothwiththosethatlovedme,andalone;onshore,andwhenThroughscuddingdriftstherainyHyadesVexedthedimsea.我不能停歇我的跋涉；我决心饮尽生命之杯。我一生都在体验巨大的痛苦、巨大的欢乐，有时与爱我的狄伴一起，有时却独自一个；不论在岸上或海上，当带来雨季的毕宿星团催动激流滚滚，扬起灰暗的海波。Iambecomeaname;ForalwaysroamingwithahungryheartMuchhaveIseenandknown---citiesofmenAndmanners,climates,councils,governments,Myselfnotleast,buthonoredofthemall---Anddrunkdelightofbattlewithmypeers,FarontheringingplainsofwindyTroy.我已经变成这样一个名字，—一由于我如饥似渴地漂泊不止，我已见识了许多民族的城及其风气、习俗、枢密院、政府，而我在他们之中最负盛名；在遥远而多风的特洛亚战场，我曾陶醉于与敌手作战的欢欣。IampartofallthatIhavemet;YetallexperienceisanarchwherethroughGleamsthatuntraveledworldwhosemarginfadesForeverandforeverwhenImove.Howdullitistopause,tomakeanend.Torustunburnished,nottoshineinuse!我自己是我全部经历的一部分；而全部经验，也只是一座拱门，尚未游历的世界在门外闪光，而随着我一步一步的前进，它的边界也不断向后退让。最单调最沉闷的是停留，是终止，是蒙尘生锈而不在使用中发亮！Asthoughtobreathewerelife!LifepiledonlifeWerealltoolittle,andofonetomeLittleremains;buteveryhourissavedFromthateternalsilence,somethingmore,Abringerofnewthings;andvileitwereForsomethreesunstostoreandhoardmyself,AndthisgrayspirityearningindesireTofollowknowledgelikeasinkingstar,Beyondtheutmostboundofhumanthought.难道说呼吸就能算是生活？几次生命堆起来尚嫌太少，何况我唯一的生命已余年无多。唯有从永恒的沉寂之中抢救每个小时，让每个小时带来一点新的收获。最可厌的是把自己长期封存、贮藏起来，让我灰色的灵魂徒然渴望在人类思想最远的边界之外追求知识．像追求沉没的星星。Thisismyson,myownTelemachus,TowhomIleavethescepterandtheisle---Well-lovedofme,discerningtofulfillThislabor,byslowprudencetomakemildAruggedpeople,andthroughsoftdegreesSubduethemtotheusefulandthegood.Mostblamelessishe,centeredinthesphereOfcommonduties,decentnottofailInofficesoftenderness,andpayMeetadorationtomyhouseholdgods,WhenIamgone.Heworkshiswork,Imine.这是我的儿子忒勒玛科斯，我给他留下我的岛国和王杖，他是我所爱的，他有胆有识，能胜任这一工作；谨慎耐心地教化粗野的民族，用温和的步骤驯化他们，使他们善良而有用。他是无可指责的，他虽年少，在我离去后他会担起重任，并对我家的佑护神表示崇敬。他和我，将各做各的工作。Thereliestheport;thevesselpuffshersail;Theregloomthedark,broadseas.Mymariners,Soulsthathavetoiled,andwrought,andthoughtwithme---ThateverwithafrolicwelcometookThethunderandthesunshine,andopposedFreehearts,freeforeheads---youandIareold;Oldagehathyethishonorandhistoil.海港就在那边，船儿已经扬帆，大海黑暗一片。我的水手们——与我同辛劳、同工作、同思想的人，对雷电和阳光永远同等欢迎．并用自由的心与头颅来抗争，——你们和我都已老了，但老年仍有老年的荣誉、老年的辛劳Deathclosesall;butsomethingeretheend,Someworkofnoblenote,mayyetbedone,Notunbecomingmenthatstrovewithgods.Thelightsbegintotwinklefromtherocks;Thelongdaywanes;theslowmoonclimbs;thedeepMoansroundwithmanyvoices.Come,myfriends.'Tisnottoolatetoseekanewerworld.死亡终结一切，但在终点前我们还能做一番崇高的事业，使我们配称为与神斗争的人。礁石上的灯标开始闪光了，长昼将尽，月亮缓缓攀登，大海用无数音响在周围呻唤。来呀．朋友们，探寻更新的世界现在尚不是为时过晚。开船吧！Pushoff,andsittingwellinordersmitethesoundingfurrows;formypurposeholdsTosailbeyondthesunset,andthebathsOfallthewesternstars,untilIdie.Itmaybethatthegulfswillwashusdown;ItmaybethatweshalltouchtheHappyIsles,AndseethegreatAchilles,whomweknew.坐成排，划破这喧哗的海浪，我决心驶向太阳沉没的彼方，超越西方星斗的浴场，至死方止。也许深渊会把我们吞噬，也许我们将到达琼岛乐土，与老朋友阿喀琉斯会晤。Thoughmuchistaken,muchabides;andthoughWearenotnowthatstrengthwhichinolddaysMovedearthandheaven,thatwhichweare,weare---Oneequaltemperofheroichearts,Madeweakbytimeandfate,butstronginwillTostrive,toseek,tofind,andnottoyield.尽管已达到的多，未知的也多啊，虽然我们的力量已不如当初，已远非昔日移天动地的雄姿，但我们仍是我们，英雄的心尽管被时间消磨，被命运削弱，我们的意志坚强如故，坚持着奋斗、探索、寻求，而不屈服。Ulysses希腊罗马神话中的英雄-奥德修斯Hearth灶台炉床Crag峭壁；岩石碎块Mete给予；分配；测量Dole发放救济Hoard贮藏Lee保护；庇护所Scud疾行；顺风行驶Drifts漂流物Vext焦急的，为难的，恼怒的Hyades['haiədi:z]毕星团Troy特洛伊Arch弓形拱形；拱门Gleams闪光Margin边缘；利润Rust使生锈；腐蚀Unburnishedofmetalse.g.;notmadeshinyandsmoothbyfrictionPile堆起；堆叠；放置Vile卑鄙的；〈口〉极坏的，讨厌的；〈古〉无价值的；粗鄙的，恶俗的Telemachus[英][tiˈleməks希神忒勒马科斯(Odysseus和Penelope之子)Scepter(尤指象征君主权位的)权杖；王权，君权Discerning看见；识别，辨明；觉察出整首诗没有固定的韵脚，采用戏剧独白形式。诗的讲述过去的生活，对这两种生活所特有的鲜明对比态度反映了他的生命观，生命的价值体现在不断的进取和探索中，过去的经历驱动着他冲破现实的桎梏到新的世界