新视野大学英语读写教程三unit8

Unit8SECTIONALegalandMoralImplicationsofCloningWarming-up•Itisnotacommonsheepbutaclonedsheep.HowCloningItreferstotheprocessofmakingageneticallyidenticalorganismthroughnonsexualmeans.Itivolvesnucleustransferbetweencells.ResearcherstakethenucleusofonecellfromaDNAdonrandtransplantitintoaneggwhoseownnucleushasbeenremoved.TextUnderstandingLegalandMoralImplicationsofCloningPara1Atfirstitwasjustplainsurprising.Wordthatscientistssucceededincloninganadultmammal—anachievementlongthoughtimpossible—caughttheimaginationofeveryone.ThelaboratoryprocessthatproducedDolly,anunremarkable-lookingsheep,theoreticallywouldworkforhumansaswell.Aworldwithhumancloneswassuddenlywithinreach.Itwassciencefictioncomingtolife.WordUsing1.implicationn.（1）含义，暗示（2）牵连，卷入，涉及（3）可能的影响（后果）SomethingthatissuggestedTranslationIresentyourimplicationthatmyworkisnotsatisfactory.Key我讨厌别人暗示我，说我的工作做的不好。2.fictionn.（1）小说（2）虚构，想象fiction[总称]小说（1）novel长篇小说（2）shortstory短篇小说history历史legend传记TranslationTakingDreamoftheRedMansionsasahistorybookisanimportantvisualangleinreadingfiction.Key把《红楼梦》当历史读，这是读小说的一个重要的视角。难句解释Wordthatscientistssucceededincloninganadultmammal—anachievementlongthoughtimpossible—caughttheimaginationofeveryone.译文：有消息说，科学家们已经成功地克隆了一只成年哺乳动物，而这项成就长期以来一直被认为是不可能的。这一传闻引发了每个人的想象。注释：1）句中的主要成分为word...caughttheimaginationof...。that从句是同位语从句解释word的内容；word作不可数名词时表示“消息，命令”。eg:Thecommandergavethewordtofire.指挥员下令开火。2）succeedin(doing)sth.成功地做某事Para2Inthewakeofthisannouncement,governmentshurriedtodraftguidelinesfortheunknown,afuturefilledwithincrediblepossibilities.PresidentClintonorderedanationalcommissiontostudythelegalandmoralimplicationsofcloning.LeadersinEurope,wheremostnationsalreadyprohibithumancloning,beganexaminingthemoralimplicationsofcloningotherspecies.3.draftn.（1）草图，草稿，草案（2）提（款），汇票（3）征兵，服役v（1）起草，草拟（2）征募，征召Translation他草拟了一封给当地报纸的信。KeyHedraftedalettertothelocalnewspaper.4.guidelinen.指导方针，指导原则，行动纲领，准则TranslationThepastoffersguidelines（notmandates）tothepresentandfuture.Key过去为现在和将来提供了指导方针（而不是命令）。5.commissionn.（1）委托，授权（2）委任状（3）（专门）委员会（4）佣金，回扣Translation她卖出东西可得10%的佣金。KeyShegets10%commissiononhersales.6.prohibitvt.（1）禁止，使不可能，不准（2）阻止动词prohibit与from连用，名词prohibition后却须用against。如：theprohibitionagainstsmoking。难句解释Inthewakeofthisannouncement,governmentshurriedtodraftguidelinesfortheunknown,afuturefilledwithincrediblepossibilities.译文：就在克隆宣告成功之后，为了一个未知世界，一个充满各种不可思议的可能性的未来，各国政府立即起草指导方针。注释：afuturefilledwithincrediblepossibilities作同位语，解释theunknown;inthewakeof意为“紧紧跟随...，在...后；随着...而来，作为...的结果”。eg：Inthewakeofahurricane,wreckedhouseswerefoundeverywhere.飓风过后，随处可见被毁坏的房屋。Para3LiketheTheoryofRelativity,thesplittingoftheatom,andthefirstspaceflight,Dolly'sappearancehasgeneratedalonglistofdifficultpuzzlesforscientists,politicians,andphilosophers.Andwildquestionsonthetopicofcloningcontinuetomount.7.splitv.（使）破裂，（使）裂开n.分裂，裂缝，裂口Translation你再胖下去裤子就要裂开了。KeyIfyougetanyfatter,you'llsplityourpants.8.generatevt.(1)生殖（2）（物理、化学）发生，产生，使存在（3）引起，导致TranslationIfyouhookupapowersourcetoatransmitter,itgeneratesapulse.Key如果你把能量源放到发射器上就能发射电磁脉冲。9.mountn.（1）支架，底座，底板（2）山峰vt.（1）登，爬（山、梯等），骑上（马）（2）安装，装配（3）准备，组织，发动vi.（up）增加，上升Translation他飞快地爬上楼梯。KeyHemountedthestairsquickly.TranslationExpensesaremountingup.Key开销在增加。Para4,5Whywouldanyonewanttocloneahumanbeinginthefirstplace?Thehumancloningsituationsthatexpertsconsidermostfrequentlyfallintotwobroadcategories:1)parentswhowanttocloneachild,eithertoprovidetransplantsforadyingchildortoreplacethatchild,and2)adultswhoforavarietyofreasonsmightwanttoclonethemselves.10.categoryn.种类，范畴TranslationBookscanbegroupedintotwocategories:thegoodbooksandthebadbooks.Key书可以分为两类：好书和坏书。11.transplantn.（1）移植，移种（2）移植的器官或植物vt.（1）移栽，移种（2）使迁移，使移居TranslationThedoctortransplantedskintoherface.Key医生给她的脸移植皮肤。Para6,7Willitbepossibletoclonethedead?Perhaps,ifthebodyisfresh,saysoneexpert.ThecloningmethodusedrequirescombininganeggcellwiththenucleusofacellcontainingtheDNAofthepersontobecloned.(DNAisaverylong,ribbon-likemoleculethatcontainsourgeneticinformation.)Andthatmeansthatthenucleusmustbeintact.Cellsdieandthecellnucleusbeginstobreakapartafterdeath.But,yes,intheoryatleastitmightbepossible.12.ribbonn.（1）缎带，丝带（2）（打印机等的）色带，带状物13.intacta.完整无缺的，完好的TranslationDespitehismisfortunes,hisfaithandoptimismremainedintact.Key虽然他遭到一连串的不幸，但他的信念和乐观丝毫未变。Para8.9Wouldaclonedhumanbeidenticaltotheoriginal?Identicalgenesdon'tproduceidenticalpeople,asanyonewhoknowsasetofidenticaltwinscantellyou.Infact,twinsaremorealikethancloneswouldbe,sincetheyhaveatleastsharedthesameenvironmentwithinthemother,areusuallyraisedinthesamefamily,andsoforth.Parentscouldcloneasecondchildwhoresembledtheirfirstinappearance,butalltheevidencesuggeststhetwowouldhaveverydifferentpersonalities.Twinsseparatedatbirthdosometimessharepersonalitycharacteristics,butsuchcharacteristicsinaclonedsonordaughterwouldonlyberemindersofthechildwhowaslost14.resemblevt.像，类似Translation他长得不好看，不像他母亲。KeyHewasnotbeautiful;hedidn’tresemblehismother.用法：resemble是vt.本身已内含“与...”的意义，故不必再加多余的with。Para10Evenintermsofbiology,aclonewouldnotbeidenticaltothemastercopy.Theclone's