高考英语短文改错答题技巧

高考英语短文改错答题技巧短文改错解题思路和检查原则1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；2.谓语动词的时态、语态；3.非谓语动词的用法；4.名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7.定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确无误；8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则改动以最少为原则；虚词以添加或删除为原则；实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意；整句分析，逐行推敲；反复通读，复查验证。解题注意要点和能力培养1.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。2.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。3.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。短文改错常见错误类型1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudies.(did改为do，错误类型属于①)Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.(visiting改为visited，错误类型属于②)Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.(was改为were，错误类型属于③)Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.(will后加be，错误类型属于④)2.名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。I’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(subject改为subjects)Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.(word改为words)Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.(knowledges改为knowledge)3.冠词错误：误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.(a改为the，thesame是固定搭配)Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofpants.(mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a)Ihopeyouhavepleasantjourney.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a)4.形容词和副词错误：系动词（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性动词（smell/feel）后用形容词；词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词和形容词）。I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(time是名词，要用形容词wonderful修饰)Mypronunciationwasterribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible)5.代词错误：代词的主格和宾格（I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us;they/them）错误；反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.(me改为myself)OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.(to前加it)Ifanyoneofushadanydifficultyinourlifeandstudy,theotherwouldhelphimout.(other后加-s)What’smore,youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.(him改为them)6.非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaper.(enjoy后需接动名词，talk改为talking)Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.(go作主语，应改为going)Childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoythemselves.(介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading)Iparticularlyenjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthechangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.(and连接的动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)7.介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；介词的多用或少用。Therearetoomanypeopleamongmyfamily.(among改为in，inmyfamily为固定搭配)IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.(去掉at，themoment引导从句)