中考英语阅读理解课件

中考英语阅读理解解题策略指导赣县中学南校区陈敏1525251540Aguessinggame英语中考试卷ReadingcomprehensionChinahasbannedfreeplasticbagsatshopsandsupermarkets,andpeoplehavetopayforusingplasticbags.Thebagshavebecomeamaincauseofplasticpollutionbecausetheyareeasytobreakandpeoplethrowthemawayhereandthere.1.PeopleinChinahaveto_____now.A.throwplasticbagshereandthereB.collectplasticbagsinthestreetC.payforusingplasticbagsatshopsandsupermarketsD.usefreeplasticbagsatshopsandsupermarkets题型：细节理解“细节理解”题解题技巧：先找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过快速阅读确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源）。有的答案可从所提供的阅读材料中直接找出；有的答案是短文中某个句子或经过改写的句子；有的则需要结合上下文提供的信息进行简单的分析，概括，甚至计算，最后得出正确答案，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。友情提醒：命题者惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来“迷惑”考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。牛刀小试2.Whendotheystopservingdinner?A.10:00am.B.10:30pm.C.2:00pm.D.9:30pm.TeddySmith'sFastFoodOpen:10:00am-10:30pmLunchserved(服务)till2:00pmDinnerservedtill9:30pmEatinortakeaway题型：判断推理TheChineseonceusedabout3,000,000,000plasticshoppingbagsaday,andtheyhavecausedpollutionoftheenvironment.Thebagshavebecomeamaincauseofplasticpollutionbecausetheyareeasytobreakandpeoplethrowthemawayhereandthere.3．Chinamadethisrulebecauseplasticbagswerebadforthe______A.environmentB.litterC.shopsD.supermarkets“判断推理”题解题技巧：判断推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。友情提醒：1.判断推理有理有据，切忌用自己观点代替作者本意。2.全面分析相关信息，切忌得出片面结论。3.善于揣摩作者思路，尽可能与作者思路吻合。牛刀小试（2011江西中考）：76.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Idahadn'tseenherbirthparentsforatleast22years.B.IdafounditeasyforhertogetusedtolivinginKorea.C.Idastillcouldn'tacceptwhoshewasaftershewentbacktoSweden.D.Idarealizedshecan'tliveahappylifeeitherinSwedenorinKorea.AyounggirlcalledIdainSwedendecidedtotraveltoaplaceshehadn‘tseenfor22years.Shehadahappylifeuntilsomekidsasked,“Whydon’tyoulooklikeyourmom?”Idawassenttoheradopted(收养)…Nobodywouldgivethemmoneyfortheirproject,sotheyusedtheirownmoney.Theyalsoborrowedmoneyfromfamilyandfriends.Then,in1998,theyweregivenachequefor$100,000,andtheystartedtheirowncompany.Theirfirstofficewasinafriend'sgarage6.Theunderlineword“cheque”inthefifthparagraphmeans________.A.楼房B.帐单C.订单D.支票题型：词义猜测“词义猜测”题解题技巧：考查内容多为名词、动词、词组甚至句子。英语中很多单词和词组在不同的语言环境中有着不同的内涵，掌握大量单词和习语是重要的。但语言是活的东西，做这类题时，应从文中找线索或信息词，再根据熟悉的词或词义判断新单词之意，并根据上下文判断词汇在特定语境中的确切含义。友情提醒：做这种类型的题，要根据所在的语境来判断词义。命题者在出此类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，在猜测词义时，切不可脱离语境想当然。牛刀小试（2011江西中考）：75.WhatdoesthephraseapartfrominParagraph3mean?A.exceptB.asforC.aswellasD.besides…Afterfindingouttheplaceofherbirthparents,IdawenttoKoreain2008.Whenshefirstarrived,shewassurprisedtoseesomanypeoplewholookedlikeher.However,apartfromherlooks,notmuchcouldbeshared(分享)withothers.Sheknewlittleabouttheculture,food…Chinahasbannedfreeplasticbagsatshopsandsupermarkets,andpeoplehavetopayforusingplasticbags.TherulestartedonJune1.Itcamebecauseourcountrytriedtomakelitterless.Makingsuper-thin(超薄)plasticbagshasalsobeenbanned.3.Theunderlinedword“it”inthesecondparagraphmeansA.theplasticbagB.thefreeplasticbagC.TheruleD.thesuper-thinplasticbag题型：内容指代“内容指代题”解题技巧内容指代是我们2012年新增的题型，多考代词指代，有时也可能是词组或句子。主要考查学生对上下文语意连贯的理解能力。所以学生首先要对就所给词在句中的成分做出分析，再对的前后句或段反复研读，找出具体指代对象。友情提醒：做这种类型的题，要根据所选词或句子的具体语段来判断。命题者在出此类题时惯用句子中的其他的重要成分词来混淆考生的视线。切忌抛开语篇断章取义。牛刀小试Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtolookingatyourdisadvantages,youshouldwritedownthreethingsaboutyourselfthatmakeyouhappy.Thinkaboutwhatyou’regoodatandwhatyouenjoy,andgoforthem.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”them”referto?A.Yourdisadvantages.B.Yournegativethoughts.C.Threethingsthatmakeyouhappy.D.Whatyou’regoodatandwhatyouenjoy.4.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Mountainclimbingisdangerous.B.Womencandothesamethingsasmen.C.Junkowasthegreatestclimberintheworld.D.Junkohadaveryhardtimebeforeshesucceeded.尾段Finallyin1975,theteamwenttoclimbthemountain…Suddenlyahugeamountofsnowandicefellonthem.OneguidesavedJunko.Sherushedtohelpothers.Everyonewasalivebuttheyhadinjuries,includingJunko.However,theteamdecidedtocontinuetheirclimb.Abouttwoweekslater,onMay16,JunkoreachedthetopofMountEverest.Latershesaid,Ican'tunderstandwhymenmakeallthisfuss(过于关注)aboutEverest-it'sonlyamountain.首段In1975,JunkoTabeibecamethefirstwomantoreachthetopofMountEverestintheHimalayaMountains,thehighestmountainintheworldat29,035feet.题型：主旨归纳主旨归纳题常见题型为最佳标题(title)或中心思想(mainidea)等。要准确地抓住文章的主题思想，就要十分留意文章的开头和结尾，在多数情况下，尤其在说明文和议论文中，主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种：开头、文中和文末。“主旨归纳”题解题技巧：友情提醒：有些干扰选项，从局部看也许不算错，但从全局看却又片面。这类干扰项与正确答案之差，其实是局部与全局之差。考生在做题时不要为局部现象迷惑，而忽略了文章的整体思想。5.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SleepMore!B.GotoSleep!C.AgeandSleepTimeD.FamousPeopleandSleep首段Sleepisveryimportant.Apersonwhodoesnotsleepdiesfasterthanapersonwhodoesnoteat.Wespendaboutathird(1/3)ofourlivesinsleep.That'sabout121daysayear!尾段Thisisnotanewproblem.Manyfamouspeopleinhistoryhadinsomnia.Someofthesepeoplehadspecialideastomakethemsleep.BenjaminFranklinhadfourbeds.Hemovedfromonetotheothertofallasleep.MarkTwainhadadifferentway.Helayonhissideacrosstheendofthebed!牛刀小试：Competition1234100123412341234200300400Ifyouknowhowmuchthepostageisforyourletter,youcanbuystampsatanywindow.