航空基础知识培训

AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训TrainingMaterialsPreparedby:MingYang,Wu课件编写：邬明扬AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训•Location:Level1MeetingRoom地点：一楼会议室•Time:2.5hours时间：2.5小时TimeContentObjective8:30-9:30SummarizeConfigurationofAircraftandFunctionBasicunderstandingoftheconfigurationofAircraftandfunction9:30-9:40BreakTime9:40-10:20SummarizeConfigurationofEngineandfunctionBasicunderstandingoftheconfigurationofEngineandfunction10:20-10:25BreakTime10:25-11:00GoodrichcomponentonaircraftBasicunderstandingoftheGoodrichcomponentonaircraftandfunction,especiallythatcomponentismaintainedinlocal.2PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenAviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训•TypicallyAirplaneManufacturers:飞机制造商BoeingAirplanes:B-707,B-727,B-737,B-747,B-757,B-767,B-777.McDonnellDouglasAirplanes:MD-80,MD-81,MD-82,MD-83,MD-87,MD-88,MD-11Airbus:A-300,A-310,A-320,A-330,A-340,A-380,A-350ERJ135,ERJ140,ERJ145,ERJ145R,Emb170,Emb175,Embr90,Emb195CRJ-100/200,CRJ-700,CRJ-9003PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenAviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训4PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenConfigurationofanAircraft飞机的构成FuselageorBody机身Empennage尾翼Undercarriagesystem起落装置Wing机翼Powerpack动力系统ElectricalSystem航电系统AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训5PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenConstructandFunctionofEmpennage尾翼组成Verticalstabilizer垂直安定面Rudder方向舵Horizontalstabilizer水平安定面Elevator升降舵AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训6PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamen6.扰流板(spoilerpanel)位置9：扰流板/位置10：扰流板-减速板安装在机翼上表面可被操纵打开的平板，可用于减小升力、增加阻力和增强滚转操纵。当两侧机翼的扰流板对称打开时，此时的作用主要是增加阻力和减小升力，从而达到减小速度、降低高度的目的，因此也被称为减速板；而当其不对称打开时（通常由驾驶员的滚转操纵而引发），两侧机翼的升力随之不对称，使得滚转操纵功效大幅度增加，从而加速航空器滚转。5.襟副翼(Flaperon)位置7：内侧襟翼/位置8：外侧襟翼机翼后缘内侧的活动翼面，常见于大型飞机，巡航飞行时与副翼功能一致，以减少副翼的气动弹性影响，降低滚转操纵功效，低速飞行时同襟翼联动4.前缘缝翼(Slat)位置6：前缘缝翼正常工作时与机翼主体产生缝隙，可使机翼下表面部分空气流经上表面从而推迟气流分离的出现，增加机翼的临界迎角。3.襟翼(Flap)位置4：襟翼滑轨整流罩/位置5：前缘襟翼－克鲁格襟翼在机翼前缘或后缘安装的可以活动的翼面，用以增加机翼面积和弯度，提高机翼的升力系数，起到增加升力的作用。襟翼大多安装在机翼后缘，安装在前缘的襟翼特称为前缘襟翼。2.副翼(aileron)位置2：低速副翼/位置3：高速副翼通常安装在机翼后缘外侧的活动翼面，用以控制航空器的滚转姿态。某些高速飞机为减小副翼偏转所引起的机翼扭转变形，还装有内侧副翼1.翼尖小翼(winglet)安装在翼尖的垂直方向翼片，主要用于削弱翼尖下表面气流绕流至上表面的效应，减少升力损失，改善机翼性能。AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训7PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenForcesduringFlight受力分析（飞行时）Weight(W)重力Aerodynamic(R)空气动力Drag(D)阻力Lift(L)升力Thrust(T)推力AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训8PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenGestureControl姿态控制AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训9PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenConfigurationofanAircraft飞机的构成Tailoffuselage机身后部（客舱或货仓）Headoffuselage(cockpit)机身前部（驾驶室）Function:tocarrypassengersandcargos功用：装载乘客及货物Function:tocarrycrewmembersandavionics功用：装载机组成员及航电设备AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训10PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenPilot机长Co-pilot副机长Control/Displaypanel控制/显示面板Windshield风挡ConstructofFuselageorBody：机身的组成•InsidetheCockpit驾驶室内部AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训11PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenConstructofFuselageorBody：机身的组成•InsidetheCockpit驾驶室内部MainLandingGear主起落架NoseLandingGear前起落架AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训12PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenConfigurationofanAircraft飞机的构成•Powerpack动力系统MainEngines主发动机APU辅助动力系统AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训13PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenJetEngineSummaryAviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训14PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件•SectionalView,airflow剖视图，气流流向AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训15PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–Fan风扇AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训16PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–Low-pressurecompressor低压压气机AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训17PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–High-pressurecompressor高压压气机AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训18PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–Combustor燃烧室AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训19PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–High-pressureTurbine高压涡轮AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训20PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenComponentsofEngine发动机部件–Low-pressureTurbine低压涡轮AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训21PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenGoodrichEngineControlSystemandlocationontheEngineAviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训22PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenFuelTankTankPumpElectricalSupplyLPCentrifugalPumpLPFCOCFMUHPFCOCEECMainEngineFuelPumpBurnersPressureSpeedTemperatureSignalsfromenginetransducersDriveDriveFuelTankTankPumpTransferPumpFuelFilterFuelTanksMayBeVentedorAirBoostedFuelControlsystemlinkageintheengineAviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训23PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenFourfamousEngineManufacturers:四大航空发动机制造商•GeneralElectric(GE)通用电气•Rolls-Royce罗尔斯，罗易斯•Pratt&Whitney普惠•IAE国际航空发动机公司TheirProducts:产品GE90Trent700/800PW4000IAEV2500AviationBasicTraining航空基础知识培训24PreparedbyMingYang,WuofGoodrichXiamenBlackBox黑匣子CVRFDR