基于单片机的酒精浓度测试仪的设计

1基于单片机的酒精浓度测试仪的设计摘要：随着经济的发展，越来越多的家庭拥有了自己的汽车，然而也带来了很多问题，比如“酒驾”。酒后驾车造成的交通事故越来越多，给我们的生命财产造成了巨大的损失。现如今人们对酒后驾驶越来越重视了，酒精测试课题得到了社会普遍的关注。所以为了减少和预防因酒后驾驶的交通事故的发生，在此特别设计了一种以气敏传感器和单片机为主要元件的，能检测空气酒精浓度，而且还具有LCD显示功能的酒精浓度检测装置。此设计用气敏传感器收集气体相关数据，再经过酒精浓度传感器模块进行调制和数据转化处理，最后将收集的数据传送给单片机进行相关处理并执行相应的功能。LCD会显示气体中的酒精浓度，再通过按键进行阀值的设定，如果超过设定的阀值系统就会有发光报警等功能。关键词：单片机；酒精浓度检测系统；气敏传感器2DesignofAlcoholConcentrationDetectorBasedonSingleChipComputerABSTRACT：Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,moreandmorefamilieshavetheirowncars.Butalsobringsmanyproblems,suchas“Drunkendriving”.Nowadayspeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontodrunkdriving,alcoholtestsubjectsreceivedwidespreadattention.So,inordertoreduceandpreventduetothenumberofalcohol-relatedtrafficaccidents,inthisspecialdesignedagassensorandsinglechipmicrocomputerasthemaincomponents,candetectalcoholconcentrationintheair.ButalsohastheLCDdisplayfunctionofthealcoholconcentrationdetectiondevice.Thedesignofgassensor,gascollectingrelevantdata,throughthealcoholconcentrationsensormodulationanddataconversionmodule,andfinallywillcollectdatatransmittoSCMrelevantprocessingandperformthecorrespondingfunctions.LCDdisplaysalcoholconcentrationinthegas,andthencarriedthroughthekeythresholdsetting,ifmorethansetthresholdsystemtherewillbelightalarm,andotherfunctions.Keywords:gassensor;alcoholconcentrationdetectionsystem;singlechipmicrocomputerI目录第一章前言.................................................................................................................................11.1概述................................................................................................................................11.2“酒驾”的相关背景................................................................................................11.3酒精浓度检测装置的现状和未来发展趋势........................................................2第二章装置的总体方案设计..................................................................................................42.1设计前的准备工作.....................................................................................................42.2设计的相关构思..........................................................................................................42.3总体方案设计..............................................................................................................42.4系统单片机的总体设计............................................................................................52.5系统各芯片介绍..........................................................................................................52.5.1MQ-3酒精传感器............................................................................................52.5.2EEPROM-AT24C02存储芯片的主要特性...................................................72.5.3LCD1602显示模块........................................................................................112.5.4STC12C5A16AD单片机.................................................................................14第三章硬件电路设计.............................................................................................................173.1酒精浓度检测装置设计框图.................................................................................173.2主程序∕CPU模块....................................................................................................183.3MQ-3传感器调理电路.............................................................................................183.4按键模块的设计........................................................................................................193.5LCD1602液晶显示模块...........................................................................................193.6AT24C02阀值存储模块...........................................................................................20第四章系统的软件设计.........................................................................................................214.1主程序设计.................................................................................................................214.2AT24C02阀值存储程序的设计.............................................................................214.3LCD1602显示模块程序的设计.............................................................................224.4系统的软硬件调试...................................................................................................224.4.1元器件的焊接及电路测试.........................................................................224.4.2系统的软件调试...........................................................................................22II4.4.3系统的整体调试...........................................................................................22总结...............................................................................................................................................23参考文献......................................................................................................................................24附录1：实物图及硬件电路原理图.....................................................................................25附录2：程序......................................................................................................