传统知识及传统文化表达的法律保护问题

()JournalofGuizhouNormalUniversity(SocialScience)20052(133)(,100031):,,,,,::DF523:A:1001-733X(2005)02-0025-05LegalProtectionforTraditionalKnowledgeandTraditionalCultureExpressionsGUANYu-ying(NationalJudgesCollege,Beijing100031,China)Abstract:ProvidinglegalprotectionforTK&TCEscanbeexplainedfrombothculturalandeconomicalconsiderations.ThelegalprotectionofTK&TCEsshouldtakebothpublicandprivatelawsintoaccount.LikeothersubjectmattersinIPsystem,TK&TCEsproductionsareintellectualfruitsmadebycommunities.It’sunwisetoabandonIPprotectionjustbecauseofthedifficultyinspec2ifyingitsright-holdersandsubjectmatters.Theidealprotectionpolicyistoassignsuigenerisrightsonthemwhileremainingtheprotectionfromgovernment.Keywords:TraditionalKnowledge(TK);TraditionalCulturalExpressions(TCEs);right-holders;subject-matter;Intellec2tualProperty(IP),(TCEs,),1967((1967),WIPO,1971,690-691)30,,1982(WIPO)(UNESCO),30,,,,1,,52:2004-12-23:(1969-),,,:,,,:,,(CBD),:CBD,,,,,,,,20045CCTV,(,20031212),,,,,,,?,30,,,,2,,:?(,,2004917,A18),,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,[1](P161),,,,,,62,,,,,,1,[2](P25),(Folklore),,,,[2](P25),,[2](P25),,,,,,:,:,,;,,:,,,,;,(.Yumbululv.ReserveBankofAustralia,No.DG26of1989FEDNo.448TradePractices-Aborigines-Copyright21IPR481):,,,((2003)246),,,;,,,,,,2,,,,,72,,,()?,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,(NGO)[3],,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,82,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[4](PP9-14),,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1],.[A]..[C],8.:,2002.[2]WIPO.(1998-1999):[Z],2001:IdentifyingIntellectualPropertyNeedsandExpecta2tionsofTraditionalKnowledgeHolders,WIPOReportonfact-findingmissionsonintellectualpropertyandtraditionalknowledge(WIPO2001Re2port).[3].[C],8.:,2002.[4]WIPO.:[J].,2003,(7-8).92