成都农民工子女城市适应性研究概要

成都理工大学毕业设计（论文）I成都农民工子女城市适应性研究作者姓名：熊寒专业班级：社会学2003090301指导老师：邓丽亚李诗和摘要：农民工子女城市适应性是都市社会学的重要议题之一,也是政府政策干预的主要内容之一。基于问卷调查和个案访谈，本文试图通过运用社会学理论对农民工子女城市适应现状和原因进行分析，提出了外来务工子女的城市适应是有条件适应，即包含农村社区特征的适应，是一种被边缘化的适应。最后，本文针对农民工子女的相关政策执行不到位和农民工子女被边缘化的适应等问题，提出了五点具有一定现实意义的政策措施建议。关键词：农民工子女；城市适应性；城乡结合部；有条件适应成都理工大学毕业设计（论文）IIThechildrenofpeasantworkersAdaptabilityinChengducityAbstract:Theadaptabilityofpeasantworkers’childrenisoneofthemostimportantissuesinchina,andalsoisoneofthemaincontentofgovernmentpolicyinterventions.Basedonthesurveyandcaseinterviews,thispapertriestousesociologicaltheorytoanalyzethestatusandreasonsofpeasantworkers’children.Itpresentsthattheadaptationofpeasantworkers’childrenisakindofconditionaladaptationwhichincludestheruralcommunities’characteristics,alsotheadaptationofmarginalization.Finally,thispaperputsforwardfivepracticalpolicyproposalstothequestionthatrelevantpoliciesarenotinplaceandtheadaptationofchildrenwhoaremarginalized.Keywords:Thepeasantworker’schildren;Urbanadaptability;Theareaconnectedcityandvillage;Conditionaladaptation成都理工大学毕业设计（论文）III目录第1章前言............................................................................................................11.1研究的目的和意义·····································································11.2国内外研究现状及问题·······························································11.3本课题要解决的主要问题及思路···················································1第2章农民工子女城市适应性现状........................................................................32.1成都农民工子女学习适应状况······················································32.2成都农民工子女心理适应状况······················································42.3成都农民工子女城市环境适应状况···············································5第3章成都农民工家庭状况描述............................................................................63.1成都农民工家庭阶层描述····························································63.1.1准市民身份的农民工的家庭···················································63.1.2自我雇用的个体农民工的家庭················································73.1.3拥有稳定工作的农民工的家庭················································73.1.4依靠打工维生的农民工的家庭················································73.2成都农民工家庭居住地特征描述···················································83.2.1聚居于城乡结合部的特征······················································83.2.2聚居地成员的特征（成都）···················································9第4章农民工子女相关政策分析..........................................................................114.1具体政策及执行的简要介绍························································114.1.1中央出台的具体政策介绍·····················································114.1.2地方政府出台的具体政策介绍···············································124.2政策实施前后情况对比······························································124.2.1从农民工子女入学的学校来看···············································124.2.2就农民工家庭负担来看························································144.2.3公立学校的现状·································································144.3政策执行不足之处与分析···························································154.3.1农民工子女相关政策无法得到有效执行···································15成都理工大学毕业设计（论文）IV4.3.2农民工无法出具用工合同是政策执行的首要障碍·······················164.3.3农民工无法出具用工合同的原因的理论分析·····························16第5章城市适应性原因分析..................................................................................185.1政策执行的影响力····································································185.2家庭文化资本的传递·································································185.3城乡经济差距导致的经济排斥·····················································195.4适应的环境包含农村社区特征·····················································19第6章关于提高农民工子女城市适应性的若干建议..........................................216.1将“三证”中的用工合同多元化··················································216.2运用入学抵用券解决收缴借读费导致的一些问题····························226.3建立适应能力培训班·································································226.4普及普通话·············································································236.5开展社区服务··········································································24结语..........................................................................................................................25致谢..........................................................................................................................26参考文献......................................................................................................................27成都理工大学毕业设计（论文）1第1章前言1.1研究的目的和意义“要问我是谁，过去我总不愿回答。因为我怕，我怕城里的孩子笑话。我们的校园很小，放不下一个鞍马；我们的校舍简陋，还经常搬家；我们的教室很暗，灯光只有几瓦；我们的桌椅很旧，坐上去吱吱哑哑。”在今年的春晚上那稚嫩的童声，让很多人都流下了眼泪。进城农民工子女的现状让我们心痛。从八十年代农民开始进城打工到现在，二十多个年头过去了，越来越多的人由过去分散的“单身外出”方式逐渐转变为“举家迁徙”，出现流动人口“家庭化”的趋势，而这些随父母进城的孩子生活状况如何？他们是否能够适应城市生活？这些问题为人们所广泛关注，不论是媒体、学者还是政府。1.2国内外研究现状及问题农民工子女城市适应性是都市社会学的重要议题之一，也是政府政策干预的主要内容之一。在中国关于这方面的研究数目极多，成果丰富，尤其是社会学学者对农民工子女的城市适应性上投入了大量的精力进行调查研究，但可惜都有这样那样的理论或是实践上的缺陷。城市适应性是中外社会学界广泛关注的一个问题，特别是在中国这样一个城乡二元结构的国家，城乡的冲突矛盾更是我国社会学者关注的焦点。各位前辈做出了许多先进的具有现实意义的成果，但是由于选取视角不同，都显得略为不够全面，仍然有后来者可以创新、突破之处。1.3本课题要解决的主要问题及思路本届政府近几年出台了一系列关于农民工子女特别是