背影(朱自清)解析

背影TheSightofFather’sBack朱自清ZhuZiqing①我与父亲不相见已二年余了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。②那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交卸了，正是祸不单行的日子，我从北京到徐州，打算跟着父亲奔丧回家。③到了徐州见着父亲，看见满院狼藉的东西，又想起祖母，不禁簌簌地流下眼泪。④父亲说：“事已如此，不必难过，好在天无绝人之路！”①ItismorethantwoyearssinceIlastsawfather,andwhatIcanneverforgetisthesightofhisback.②Misfortunesnevercomesingly.③Inthewinterofmorethantwoyearsago,grandmadiedandfatherlosthisjob.④IleftBeijingforXuzhoutojoinfatherinhasteninghometoattendgrandma’sfuneral.⑤WhenImetfatherinXuzhou,thesightofthedisorderlymessinhiscourtyardandthethoughofgrandmastartedtearstricklingdownmycheeks.⑥Fathersaid,“㈠Nowthatthings’vecometosuchapass,it’snousecrying.㈡Fortunately,Heavenalwaysleavesoneawayout.”①回家变卖典质，父亲还了亏空；又借了钱办了丧事。②这些日子，家中光景很是惨淡，一半为了丧事，一半为了父亲的赋闲。③丧事完毕，父亲要到南京谋事，我也要回到北京念书，我们便同行。①AfterarrivinghomeinYangzhou,fatherpaidoffdebtsbysellingorpawningthings.②Healsoborrowedmoneytomeetthefuneralexpenses.③Betweengrandma’sfuneralandfather’sunemployment,ourfamilywastheninreducedcircumstances.④Afterthefuneralwasover,fatherwastogotoNanjingtolookforajobandIwastoreturntoBeijingtostudy,sowestartedouttogether.①到南京时，有朋友约去游逛，勾留了一日；第二日上午便须渡江到浦口，下午上车北去。②父亲因为事忙，本已说定不送我，叫旅馆里一个熟识的茶房陪我同去。③他再三嘱咐茶房，甚是仔细。④但他终于不放心，怕茶房不妥贴，颇踌躇了一会。⑤其实那年我已二十岁，北京来往过两三次，是没有甚么要紧的了。⑥他踌躇了一会，终于决定还是自己送我去。⑦我两三回劝他不必去；他只说，“不要紧，他们去不好！”①IspentthefirstdayinNanjingstrollingaboutwithsomefriendsattheirinvitation,andwasferryingacrosstheYangtseRivertoPukouthenextmorningandthencetakingatrainforBeijingontheafternoonofthesameday.②Fathersaidhewastoobusytogoandseemeoffattherailwaystation,butwouldaskahotelwaiterthatheknewtoaccompanymethereinstead.③Heurgedthewaiteragainandagaintotakegoodcareofme,butstilldidnotquitetrusthim.④Hehesitatedforquiteawhileaboutwhattodo.⑤Asamatteroffact,nothingwouldmatteratallbecauseIwasthentwentyandhadalreadytravelledonBeijing-PukouRailwayacoupleoftimes.⑥Aftersomewavering,hefinallydecidedthathehimselfwouldaccompanymetothestation.⑦Irepeatedlytriedtotalkhimoutofit,butheonlysaid,“Nevermind!Itwon’tdototrustguyslikethosehotelboys!”①我们过了江，进了车站。②我买票，他忙着照看行李。③行李太多了，得向脚夫行些小费，才可过去。④他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。⑤我那时真是太聪明过分，总觉得他说话不大漂亮，非得自己插嘴不可。⑥但他终于讲定了价钱；就送我上车。⑦他给我拣定了靠车门的一张椅子；我将他给我做的紫毛大衣铺好坐位。⑧他嘱我路上小心，夜里要警醒些，不要受凉。⑨又嘱托茶房好好照应我。⑩我心里暗笑他的迂；他们只认得钱，托他们直是白托！①而且我这样大年纪的人，难道还不能料理自己吗？②唉，我现在想想，那时真是太聪明了！①WeenteredtherailwaystationaftercrossingtheRiver.②WhileIwasatthebookingofficebuyingaticket,fathersawtomyluggage.③Therewasquiteabitofluggageandhehadtobargainwiththeporteroverthefee.④IwasthensuchasmartaleckthatIfrowneduponthewayfatherwashagglingandwasonthevergeofchippinginafewwordswhenthebargainwasfinallyclinched.⑤Gettingonthetrainwithme,hepickedmeaseatclosetothecarriagedoor.⑥Ispreadontheseatthebrownishfur-linedovercoathehadgottailormadeforme.⑦Hetoldmetobewatchfulonthewayandbecarefulnottocatchcoldatnight.⑧Healsoaskedthetrainattendantstotakegoodcareofme.⑨Isniggeredatfatherforbeingsoimpractical,foritwasutterlyuselesstoentrustmetothoseattendants,whocaredfornothingbutmoney.⑩Besides,itwascertainlynoproblemforapersonofmyagetolookafterhimself.①Oh,whenIcometothinkofit,IcanseehowsmartyIwasinthosedays!①我说道，“爸爸，你走吧。”②他望车外看了看，说，“我买几个橘子去。你就在此地，不要走动。”③我看那边月台的栅栏外有几个卖东西的的等着顾客。④走到那边月台，须穿过铁道，须跳下去又爬上去。⑤父亲是一个胖子，走过去自然要费些事。⑥我本来要去的，他不肯，只好让他去。⑦我看见他戴着黑布小帽，穿着黑布大马褂，深青布棉袍，蹒跚在走到铁道边，慢慢探身下去，尚不大难。⑧可是他穿过铁道，要爬上那边月台，就不容易了。⑨他用两手攀着上面，两脚再向上缩；他肥胖的身子向左微倾，显出努力的样子。⑩这时我看见他的的背影，我眼泪很快地流下来了。①我赶紧拭干了泪，怕他看见，也怕别人看见。②我再向外看时，他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走了。③过铁道时，他先将橘子散放在地上，自己慢慢爬下，再抱起橘子走。④到这边时，我赶紧去搀他。⑤他和我走到车上，将橘子一股脑儿放在我的皮大衣上。⑥于是扑扑衣上泥土，心里很轻松似的，过了一会说，“我走了；到那边来信！”⑦我望着他走出去。⑧他走了几步，回过头看见我，说，“进去吧，里边没人。”⑨等他的背影混入来来往往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下，我的眼泪又来了。①Isaid,“Dad,youmightleavenow.”②Buthelookedoutofwindowandsaid,“I’mgoingtobuyyousometangerines.Youjuststayhere.Don’tmovearound.”③Icaughtsightofseveralvendorswaitingforcustomersoutsidetherailingsbeyondaplatform.④Buttoreachthatplatformwouldrequirecrossingtherailwaytrackanddoingsomeclimbingupanddown.⑤Thatwouldbeastrenuousjobforfather,whowasfat.⑥Iwantedtodoallthatmyself,buthestoppedme,soIcoulddonothingbutlethimgo.⑦Iwatchedhimhobbletowardstherailwaytrackinhisblackskullcap,blackclothmandarinjacketanddarkbluecotton-paddedclothlonggown.⑧Hehadlittletroubleclimbingdowntherailwaytrack,butitwasalotmoredifficultforhimtoclimbupthatplatformaftercrossingtherailwaytrack.⑨Hishandsheldontotheupperpartoftheplatform,hislegshuddledupandhiscorpulentbodytippedslightlytowardstheleft,obviouslymakinganenormousexertion.⑩WhileIwaswatchinghimfrombehind,tearsgushedfrommyeyes.①Iquicklywipedthemawaylestheorothersshouldcatchmecrying.②ThenextmomentwhenIlookedoutofthewindowagain,fatherwasalreadyonthewayback,holdingbrightredtangerinesinbothhands.③Incrossingtherailwaytrack,hefirstputthetangerinesontheground,climbeddownslowlyandthenpickedthemupagain.④Whenhecamenearthetrain,Ihurriedouttohelphimbythehand.⑤Afterboardingthetrainwithme,helaidallthetangerinesonmyovercoat,andpattingthedirtoffhisclothes,helookedsomewhatrelievedandsaidafterawhile,“㈠Imustbegoingnow.㈡Don’tforgettowritemefromBeijing!”⑥Igazedafterhisbackretreatingoutofthecarriage.⑦Afterafewsteps,helookedbackatmeandsaid,“㈠Gobacktoyourseat.㈡Don’tleaveyourthingsalone.”⑧I