Attributive Clauses定语从句讲解

@TeletubbiesStep1:Lead-inPart2:TeachingProcedureYouwerethebestandthewisestman（that）Ihaveeverknown.—BBCSherlockJohnWatsontothelateSherlockHolmesThegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.Hemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpityTheboywhoissmilingisTom.attributiveclause：Itisusedasanadjectiveinasentenceanditisusedtomodifyanoun、apronounorthewholemainclause.Step2:DefinitionHemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpityTheboywhoissmilingisTom.Antecedent:Anantecedentisanexpression(word,phrase,clause,etc.)thatgivesitsmeaningtoapro-form(pronoun,pro-verb,pro-adverb,etc.)Step2:DefinitionHemissedtheshow,whichwasagreatpityTheboywhoissmilingisTom.Relativepronouns：Therearesuchwordsusedtoguideattributiveclause.Step2:DefinitionJointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawthegirlyesterday.(1min,thenpresentwhattheygetontheblackboard)PairWork:关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose主语人who,that物which,that宾语（可省）人who,whom,that物which,that表语人that物定语人whose物Step4:basicusageofrelationalpronounsInattributiveclauses,relationalpronounscanplayitsroleas•subject主语•object宾语•predicative表语•attribute定语relationalpronounsStep4:basicusageofrelationalpronounsAssubject主语TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Aspredicative表语Jackisnolongeralazyboy.Heusedtobealazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.Asattribute定语Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.whoseEnglish=thestudent’sEnglish关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格，用于修饰限定English.Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whosewindow=thehouse’swindow即thewindowofthehousePart3:practice1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.TheeggsIboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendhecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry.Heprefersthecheeseitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodlesyoucookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeopletheysmokealot.Quicktask:FindouttheattributiveclausesinschoollifeintheUKDescribeurfriendsorthesepeoplewithattributiveclauses.Attention:exceptions我们可以去图书馆查找我们所需要的任何资料。Wecangothelibrarytolookupanyinformationthatweneed.这正是我在寻找的书。ThisistheverybookthatIhavebeenlookingfor.Let'sfindout......以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。1.先行词为不定代词everything，something,nothing,anything或由few,little，much，all，only,thevery等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。that&whiche.g.Theonlythingthatmattersistofindourwayhome.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。2.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that引导定语从句。如：我们应该做的第一件事是订个计划。Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.牛顿是世界上最伟大的人物之一。Newtonwasoneofthegreatestmenthateverlived.3.先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如：我们谈论了我们当时所见的人和事物。Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.瞧瞧那个正朝我走过来的男人和他的狗。Lookatthemanandhisdogthatarewalkingtowardsme.4.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时用that。如：哪本是你要的字典？Whichisthedictionarythatyouwant?站在门旁边的那个男人是谁？Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?thesame…as和such…as等结构中,关系代词用ase.g.我从未听过他讲的故事。I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.这本字典跟我丢失的一样。ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlost.Practice1Everything______yousaidistrue.2Whichisthebook_____youwant?3Whoisthegirl______sitsthere.4All_____hesaidistrue.5All_____issaidbyhimistrue.6Arethereanyproblems____troubleyou?7Iwillmakefulluseofthetime____isleftforme.8Suchboys___youmentionedarewell.9Theboys_______youmentionedarewell.10Itissodifficultaproblem___noonecanworkout.11Itissodifficultaproblem_____noonecanworkitout.12Sheworethesamehat____youworeyesterday.1.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas____kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which解析：all作was的表语，后接that引导的定语从句。当先行词是all时，不能用which引导定语从句，而用that,what引导名词性从句。2.Ihavemanyfriends，_____somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom解析：ofwhom引导定语从句，表示“其中的”。先行词friends是表示人的名词，要用whom。SEDDOEIUSMODTEMPOR