2×300MW火电厂电气设计

上海电力学院本科毕业设计（论文）题目：2×300MW火电站厂电气设计院部：电气工程学院专业年级：电气工程及其自动化2012届学生姓名：刘奕骞学号：20111163指导教师：吴文军2016年6月6日【摘要】大容量、高参数是提高火电机组经济性最为有效的措施。高效洁净燃煤发电技术将成为今后世界电力工业的主要发展方向之一。本文以太仓电厂新建2x300MW机组电气设计为例，论述了电力系统工程中火力发电厂部分电气设计（一次部分）的过程。在厂用电系统的布置、主变、厂用高变、断路器、隔离开关等主要电气设备、和主接线的选择充分考虑大容量、高参数等特点，逐一排除，做到可靠性、经济性、合理性，在各种运行状态下保证系统的正常、稳定运行；后备保护措施如防雷、继电保护的配置布置全面，尽量减少事故带来的人身伤害和财产损失。关键词：发电厂；变压器；主接线；短路电流；断路器；隔离开关；【Abstract】Largecapacityandhighparametersofthermalpowerunitsistoimprovetheeconomyofthemosteffectivemeasures.Cleanandefficientcoal-firedpowergenerationtechnologywillbecometheworld'selectricpowerindustry,oneofthemaindirectionofdevelopment.Inthispaper,theTaicangPowerPlantUnit2x300MWnewelectricaldesignforexample,discussessomeoftheelectricitypowerplantelectricalsystemsengineeringdesign(firstpart)process.Electricitysystemintheplantlayout,themainchange,plantswithhighvariable,circuitbreakers,isolatingswitchesandothermajorelectricalequipment,andthechoiceofthemainwiringcapacityfullytakenintoaccount,high-parametersandotherfeatures,onebyonetoexclude,sothereliability,economy,rationality,inavarietyofrunningthesystemundernormal,stableoperation;back-upprotectionmeasures,suchaslightningprotection,relayprotectionoveralllayoutoftheconfigurationtominimizepersonalinjurycausedbyaccidentsanddamagetoproperty.Keywords:powerplant;transformer;mainconnection;circuitbreaker；isolatingswitches；目录1概述.........................................................11.1原始资料..................................................1（1）设计规模...........................................11.2设计要求.................................................1２厂用电系统..................................................22.1负荷统计.................................................22.1.1厂用负荷计算的计算原则：.........................22.1.2厂用负荷的计算方法：.............................22.2厂用变压器容量选择.......................................22.2.1低压厂用变压器容量计算...........................32.2.2高压厂用变压器的容量计算.........................32.3厂用电压等级确定.........................................72.4备用电源的引接...........................................72.5事故保安电源.............................................82.6厂用电接线的选择.........................................82.6.1高压厂用电接线....................................92.6.2低压厂用电接线....................................92.7电动机自启动校验.........................................93主变压器选择.................................................103.1主变压器容量和台数的确定................................103.2主变压器型式的选择.......................................114主接线的选择................................................124.1主变高压侧接线（220KV侧）...............................124.2发电机-变压器接线（18KV侧）.............................135短路电流计算................................................145.1概述....................................................145.2基本假设条件............................................145.3电路元件参数的计算......................................155.3.1基准值计算......................................155.3.2短路计算........................................166电气设备选择................................................216.1母线....................................................216.1.1发电机出口（18KV）..............................216.1.2220KV侧........................................216.2QF、QS的选择............................................246.2.1高压断路器选择原则..............................246.2.2隔离开关选择原则................................246.2.3220KV侧（QF、QS的选择）........................256.2.46KV侧（开关柜的选择）..........................266.3互感器的选择............................................276.3.1互感器的分类和作用..............................276.3.2电流互感器的选择................................276.3.3电压互感器的选择................................286.4防雷设备的选择..........................................306.4.1直击雷的保护....................................306.4.2侵入波的保护....................................317配电装置....................................................327.1配电装置的基本要求......................................327.2配电装置的设计原则......................................327.3配电装置设计的步骤......................................337.4配电装置的选用..........................................338继电保护的配置..............................................348.1变压器保护..............................................348.1.1变压器的故障分类................................348.1.2变压器的保护配置................................358.2220kV线路保护...........................................358.2.1220kV线路保护配置原则..........................358.3母线保护................................................358.3.1母线的故障类别..................................368.3.2母线故障的保护方式..............................36致谢.........................................................37参考文献....................................................38附图...........................................................39附图1：主接线图..............................................39附图2：厂用电接线图..........................................39-1-1概述1.1原始资料（1）设计规模本期工程建设规模为2X300MW燃煤机组，经220KV变压器接入系统。发电机参数：QFS-300-2（上海电机厂）300MW18KVcos＝0.85，''Xd＝16.7％。（2）设备资料见负荷清单。1.2设计要求（1）确定发电厂厂用变压器容量和厂用电接线的最佳方案，进行电动机自启动校验。（2）主变压器容量的选择，确定发电厂电气主接线的最佳方案。（3）短路电流计算。（4）高压电气设备选择，包括：断路器、隔离开关、高压熔断器、电压互