高中语法之形容词-副词

表示人和事物的特征，对名词起修饰和描绘作用。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分．Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语．Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.Hemadeushappy.Colouritgreen.Attention:•有些单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：•lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、timely、brotherlysisterlymotherlyfatherly等。系动词+形容词作表语1.Thisdishsmellswell.2.Heisnotfeelinggoodtoday.3.Shefeltbadlyatthenews.4.Helooksveryseriously.wellgoodgoodwellbadlybadseriouslyseriousLet’sfillintheblanks,词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearlynarrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远TomisastallasMike.as+形容词原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.否定notas+形容词原形+as“和…不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及／不如…TomisnotastallasMike.TomisnotsotallasMike.Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.so+形容词原级+that丛句such+名词＋that丛句Heissobigthathecan’tentertheroombythedoor.…too+原级+todosth.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.形容词原级+enoughtodosth.比较级+than…Thisbridgeislongerthanthatone.Ourschoolislargerthantheirs.表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Whichis+比较级，…or…?”表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than…”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”“…比较级+and+比较级…”Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcostustheheat.Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.典型例题:1）---Areyoufeeling____?---Yes，I'mfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter2）Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime可修饰比较级的词abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等注意no/not+比较级+than的特殊含义•AisnomorecarefulthanB.•A和B两人都不仔细。•AisnotmorecarefulthanB.•A不如B仔细。•more….than…与其说…倒不如说•Itismorelikeawallthanaspear.•Theyaremorelikefatherandsonthanteacherandstudent.•morethan+n./num./adj.•Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinourclass.•Heismorethanateacher;heisourfriend.•Sheismorethankindtousall.many,old和far1)如果后接名词时，muchmore+不可数名词manymore+可数名词复数2)old有两种比较级和最高级形式:older/oldest和elder/eldest。elder，eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。Myelderbrotherisanengineer.Maryistheeldestofthethreesisters.3)far有两种比较级：farther，further它们在英语中都可指距离。在美语中，farther表示距离，further则表示进一步。Ihavenothingfurthertosay.…oneofthe+最高级+名词复数…最高级+of(in)…Thisis/wasthe最高级+名词+that定语从句LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.ThisistheworstfilmthatIhaveseentheseyears.Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.倍数的表达Aistwice/threetimes…as+big/tall/high/wide/long+asBAistwice/threetimes…bigger/taller/higher/wider/longer…thanBAistwice/threetimes…thesize/height/width/length…ofB用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.用法例句作表语Mymotherisout.作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.作状语Herunsfast.作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.四、副词的分类时间副词now,then,today,tomorrow,ago,lately,soon,immediately,often,usually,early地点副词outside,upstairs,anywhere,up,forward,here,there,away,in,back,off方式副词simply,quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,luckily,again,once,easily,together程度副词very,quite,rather,extremely,completely,widely,partly,perfectly,badly,too疑问副词when,where,why,how关系副词when,where,why(引导定语从句)连接副词when,where,why,how(引导名词性从句和副词性从句)其他surely,certainly,really,however,therefore,perhaps,moreover,yes,no副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.MountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowly频度副词放在动词前，情态动词和助动词之后。Healwaysgoestoschoolonfoot．Shewasoftenlateforschool．IhaveneverbeentoBeijing·易混词语辨析与练习late,later,latest,lately1.The________editionofthedictionaryisfarbetterthanthepreviousones.2.Ifthecabarrives_____,youwillmisstheflight.3.Thisphotoremindsmeofmy___grandfather.4.He’snotbeenfeelingwelljust______.5.In_______autumn,youwillfindthegroundcoveredwithfallenleaves.6.Atfirsthedeniedallguilt,buthe______madeapartialconfession.latestlatelatelatelylatelaterrather,fairly,quiteItis______thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certain;quite1.rather常修饰贬义的词，fairly常修饰褒义的词。有些词本身并无褒贬，但用rather意为反感，用fairly意为赞许。Thisroomisfairlybig/ratherbig.2.quite与表示完全概念的词（right,wrong,perfect,certain,empty,full…)连用时，表示“完全”=completelystill,yet,already1.Theguestsare________here.Butthemeatisnotready_______.It______hastobecookedforanotherfiveminutes.2.Haveyo