新视野大学英语第三版第四册unit2

TheyaretwotypicalexamplesoftheConfusingpursuitofbeautiful.Yeah,beautyis,withnodoubt,aneternalpursuitofhumanbeings.Throughtoutthehistory,differentandvariedapproacheshavebeenemployedtohelpmaintainasattractiveaspossible,suchasfootbindinginancientChina,long-neckwomeninKayahofBurma.Wearealltooawareofourphysicalimperfections.Toovercomethem,wespendbillionsuponbillionsofdollarseveryyearoncosmetics,dietproducts,fashion,andevenplasticsurgery.Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Lipstickisusedtoapplycolortothelips.Nailpolishisappliedtofingernailsortoenailstodecorateand/orprotectthenails.(a)(b)Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Eyeshadowisappliedtoareasaroundtheeyes,usuallyontheeyelidsandundertheeyebrows,tomaketheeyesstandoutorlookmoreattractive.Mascaraisusedtoenhancetheeyes.Itmayhelpmaketheeyelashesdarker,thickerandlonger.(c)(d)Whataretheseproductsinthefollowingpicturesusedfor?Eyelinerisusedtodrawlinesaroundtheeyessoastocreateamorebeautifulcontour.Powderfoundationisusedtotonethefaceandgiveitaneven,uniformcolor.Itcancoverflaws,andsomecanalsoprotectthefacefromdamagecausedbysunlight.(e)(f)Whydowecaresomuchabouthowwelook?Becauseitmatters.Becausebeautyispowerful.Becauseevenwhenwelearntovaluepeoplemostlyforbeingkindandwiseandfunny,wearestillmovedbybeauty.Nomatterhowmuchweargueagainstitorpretendtobeimmune,beautyexertsitspoweroverus.Thereissimplynoescape.Oursensitivitytophysicalbeautyisnotsomethingwecancontrolatwill.Wearebornwithit.ExperimentsconductedbypsychologistJudithJ.Langloisshowedthatevensmallinfantsprefertolookatattractivefaces.Beforetheyhavemetasinglesupermodel,beforetheyhavewatchedasingleTVshow,beforetheyhaveopenedupasinglefashionmagazine,theyaredrawntothesamefaceswhichadultshavejudgedtobeattractive.MainIdea&StructureLanguageFocusCriticalThinkingTextStudyASectionTheConfusingPursuitofBeautyTipsFormanhonestyetsensitiveresponse,thenpromptlyexcusehimselfforsomekindofemergencybecauseitisveryhardforthemantoanswerthequestioncorrectly.Whatistheeasiestwayoutwhenamanisaskedbyawomantocommentonherlooks?Andwhy?(Para.2)Thispartistheintroduction.Ittellsthereadersthatitisveryhardforamantoanswerwhenawomanaskshimhowshelooks.PartI—(Paras.1-__)2No.Mendonotthinkoftheirlooksinthesamewaywomendo.TipsDomenandwomenperceivetheirownlooksinthesameway?(Para.3)Mensticktoanopinionandliketothinkofthemselvesasaverage-looking.(Paras.3-4)Men’sattitudeWomentendtothinktheirappearanceis“notgoodenough”.(Para.5)Women’sattitudeBecauseofmanycomplexpsychologicalandsocietalfactors.TipsWhydomenandwomenviewtheirlookssodifferently?(Para.6)Girls’dollshaveslimfigureswhosephysicalmeasurementsareimpossibleforlivinghumanbeingstoachieve.Boys’toysareweird-looking.Girls’Boys’Psychologicalfactor:ChildhoodexperiencewithtoysThebeautyindustryconvinceswomenthattheymustbuythenewestbeautyproductsandapplythemcarefully.(Para.7)Societalfactor:influenceofthebeautyindustryMenarenotinfluencedbythebeautyindustry;theydon’tfacethesocietalfocuspurelyonphysicalbeauty.(Para.8)WomenMen•Mentakenonoticeofthedetailsinwomen’sappearance.(Para.9)•Womenspendgreateffortsondetailsofappearanceonlytoexposethemselvestocriticismsbyotherwomen.(Para.10)TipsWhatarethedifferencesbetweenmenandwomenincarefordetailsinwomen’sappearance?(Paras.9-10)Thispartisthebodyoftheessay,inwhichmenandwomenarecontrastedonthreepoints.•Firstly,itconcernshowthetwosexes________theirownlooks.•Secondly,itfocusesonthe____________and________factorsthatcausethedifferencesinthewaymenandwomenviewtheirownappearances.•Finally,ittalksaboutthedifferentdegreeofattentionwomenandmenpaytotheextra______ofwomen’sappearance.PartII—(Paras.3-___)10psychologicalperceivesocietaldetailsWhatconclusiondoestheauthordrawaftercontrastingmenandwomenondifferentpoints?(Para.11)Thereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawoman’squestionofhowshelooks.TipsThispartistheconclusion,whichrestatestheauthor’sviewthatthereisnoeasywayforamantoanswerawoman’squestionofhowshelooks.PartIII—(Para.11)PracticalPhrasesSpecificMeanings1.affixvalueto认为…有价值2.liveupto不辜负；符合3.completewith包括，连同，齐备的4.adhereto遵守；拥护；坚信5.inhopesof怀有…的希望6.reachoutto请求…的帮助7.become/beobsessedwith（变得）对…迷恋8.voiceanopinionon表达对…的看法认为…有价值(attract/affixgreatvalueto)Ifyoureallywanttoattractcustomers,youneedtoaffixgreatvaluetothequalityoftheproductssoldinyourstore.affixvalueto短语逆译短语应用如果你真正想要吸引顾客，你就必须十分重视自己店里所卖产品的质量。意群提示不辜负；符合(liveupto/minimumstandards)Ifyouwanttograduate,youmustliveuptotheminimumstandardssetbytheuniversity.liveupto短语逆译短语应用如果你想毕业，就必须达到大学设定的最低标准。意群提示包括，连同，齐备的(completewith/arunningtrack)Thenewly-builtschoolcampusisverymodern,completewithanindoorswimmingpoolandarunningtrackontheroof.completewith短语逆译短语应用新建的校园十分现代，包括一个室内游泳池以及楼顶上的跑道。意群提示遵守；拥护；坚信Asadevotedseniorofficial,healwaysadherestohisprincipleofconduct.adhereto短语逆译短语应用作为一名忠诚的高级官员，他始终坚守自己的行为准则。意群提示(seniorofficial/adhereto/principleofconduct)怀有…的希望(beburied/ruins/inhopesof/attractone’sattention)Thevictimburiedundertheruinsmadesomesoundbyknockinginhopesofattractingtherescuer’sattention.inhopesof短语逆译短语应用埋在废墟下的受害者通过敲击发出一些声响，希望能够引起救援人员的注意。