American-Cowboy美国西部牛仔文化

ContentsIntroduction↗OriginanddevelopmentBody→Features↘CultureConclusionVideoIntroductionSourceofinspirationAsisknowntoall,thecowboyisalwaysanindispensablepartoftheUnitedState’spitifullybriefhistory.TheyarepioneersinthewestoftheAmerica,andtheyaretheoneswhoarefamousfortheirenduranceandbravery.AcowboyisamanemployedtolookaftercattleandperformotherdutiesinhorsebackinNorthAmerica,especiallyinformertimes.DefinitionBodyOriginandDevelopmentSpainhadsomethingtodowiththegenerationofAmericancowboy.TheSpanishweregoodattamingcattle,andtheyspreadthistraditiontoAmericawhichwasseizedascoloniesbySpain.Inthe1960s,therewasagreatneedforbeefintheeastAmerica.Asaresult,cattleinwestshouldbetransportedtotheeast,andthustherewasaboomofcowboyswhoguidethecattletotrainstations.FeaturesTheoriginaltrousersofcowboywaschaps(皮套裤）.Thentheyarereplacedbyjeans.Jeansmadebydenimarestrongandsuitableforhardwork.Theyareeasytowear,withalotofpocketsthatcanholdmanythings.Cowboys’dressingisuniqueandattractive,whichhasbothdecorativenessandutility.Soyoucanpickcowboysoutfromacrowdwithoutanyeffort.•CowboyhatCowboyhatscanprotectthemfromrainandhotsun.Itcanalsobeusedaspillowandwaterbowl.•Jeans•HighbootsHighbootsenablethemtowalkinthemud.Highheelscanpreventtheirfeetfromslippingoutofthestirrups(马镫).What’smore,thebootsareoftendecoratedwithspurs（马刺）.•CowboyScarfCowboyscarvesareverycolorful.Besides,theyaremultifunctional.Theyareusedtowipesweat,washface,bindupthewoundandillustratesignals.•Lasso（套索）•Revolver（左轮手枪）orrifle(来复枪）Whethertheycanthrowlassosaccuratelyreflectstheirtalentsforgrazing（放牧）.Theyhavetolassotheleadingcattletocontrolthewholerunningcattle.Revolversareusedtoprotectcowboys,whiletheyarenotthenecessity.Theyaremoreofdecorativenessthanutility.Culture•ClothingCowboyclothesareextremelypopularandfashion.Accordingtoasurvey,consumingbehaviorrelatingtocowboycultureconstitutesonefourthoftheUSconsumption.Jeans,firstdesignedbyLevisStrauss,arethestrongestproof.JeansarecomfortabletowearandtheyserveasasignfortwoAmericanvalues:creativityandrebellion.•GamesNowadays,cowboysarebecomingrarer.Butsomestates,especiallyNevada,aremostfamousfortheircowboytraditions.Therearemanyrelativegamescalledrodeos（竞技）.OneoftheeventisBullRiding,inwhichcowboysmustrideonthebullbackforatleast8seconds.Besides,theymustdosomespecificactionstogainscores.MuttonBustin’儿童骑羊大赛，playedbychildren•SpiritAsAmericanculturespreadsabroad,itsculture,alongwithitsliteratureandfilmhasbeenthoroughlyappreciatedbymillionsofpeople.FormanyintheUnitedStatesandtheworld,cowboysareheroicandmysteriousfigures,andpeoplelovetheirpursuitoffreedomandindividualism.Theyareseenashorseherobecausetheyarecalm,helpful,hardworkingandadventurous.Theirstruggleforsurvivinginadversity,whichequalstotheso-calledcowboyspirit,istheverycoreofAmericanspirit.Sample•Here’sasampleshowingcowboys’firmnessandbravery.Thisisthemaincharacter,ClivenBundy，arancher（农场主）InNevada.TheauthoritytooktheexcusethatBundy’sfarmwaswithintheextentofonetortoisepreserve.Hiscattlewerecommandeeredbythepoliceandhewouldbefinedfor＄1000000.’smore,Bundy’ssonwasalmostbeatenwhentryingtonegotiatewiththepolice.Thecowboysformedamilitia（民兵组织）equippedwithadvancedweapons.MilitiawasplayingtheUSnationalanthem.Themilitia’sadvertisementAfterconfrontingfor10days,thegovernmentcompromisedandwithdrewthepolice.PhotoaboveshowsthevictoryspeechofBundy.Conclusion•Whenitcomestotheword“cowboy”,wemayhavetheseremarksinstantlyinourmind—tough,manly（男子气概的）,smart,braveandloyal.They’relegendaryfigureswhocountgooddeedasfirst.•CowboyspirittoU.S.iswhatChinesetraditiontoChina.WeneedtolearnfromitandletourChinesetraditionssurvive.