轻松学虚拟语气

虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood1.If虚拟条件句及其倒装2.错综时间条件句3.含蓄条件句TeachingObjectives:Pleaselistentothefollowingsentences,guesswhatmooditis:1.Youarelateforclassagain.Whatfunitis!Heisnotmycupofteaatall.Areyouserious?2.1).It'scoldtoday.Wouldyoupleaseclosethedoor?2).A:Oh,shutup!B:Neverspeaktomelikethat,Iamyourfather!3).A:Hurryup,guys!Let'sgo!We'llmissthebus.祈使语气：用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定，否定，疑问，感叹等形式。3.IfIhadstudiedhardbefore,Iwouldnothavegotthebadmarks.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。如果我以前好好学习，我期中考试就不会这么差了。1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.QuestionA：WhatisSubjunctiveMood?QuestionB：HowtoexpressyourideabyusingSubjunctiveMood?虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义。虚拟语气表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。if引导的虚拟条件句虚拟条件从句(If)主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设主语+did/were主语+should/would/could/might+do主语+haddone主语+should/would/could/might+havedone主语+1.shoulddo2.weretodo主语+should/would/could/might+doIftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。（事实：地球上既有空气也有水）IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没有带钱）Ifhehadstudiedharder,hemighthavepassedtheexam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力）Deepenyourunderstanding:如果我是你，我就会努力学习．如果我知道他生病了，我就不会因为他迟到责怪他．如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharderatmylessons.IfIhadknownhewassick,Iwouldnothavescoldedhimforbeinglate.Ifitshould/weretorain,wewouldcalloffthematch.Morepractice:Observeandguess,whathappenedtothesentences?A:Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.B:Iwouldnot,Iamnotthatstupid!A:Ifyouwereinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.B:Iwouldnot,Iamnotthatstupid!在虚拟条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式,倒装是为了强调条件。Practicemakesperfect:IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimblig.wewouldnotgoclimbing.Hadyoucomeearlier，Shoulditraintomorrow，WereIatschoolagain，Listentothetwodialoguesandcompare!D1:A:IfJackhadtakenmyadviceyesterday,hewouldfeelmuchbetternow.B:Whatmakesyousosureofthat?Youradviceneverhelpedme.D2:A:Howdidyourhusbandknowmysalary?B:Ifheknewthis,itwouldhavehadtobebyaccident.if引导的虚拟条件句虚拟条件从句(If)主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设主语+did/were主语+should/would/could/might+do主语+haddone主语+should/would/could/might+havedone主语+1.shoulddo2.weretodo主语+should/would/could/might+doPayspecialattention:ConditonalSentencesofMixedTime错综时间条件句当从句和主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou____________(follow)thedoctor'sadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbeIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.A.talked;wouldnotbeB.hadtalked;wouldnotbeC.wouldtalk;wouldnotbeD.hadtalked;wouldnothavebeenIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.A.isnotpollutedB.wouldnotbepollutedC.hadnotbeenpollutedD.wouldnothavebeenpollutedSentencesofImpliedCondition含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，如otherwise,without,butfor(要不是，如果没有),or等。Humanbeingswoulddieiftherewerenowater.Humanbeings__________withoutwater.Icouldn'thavesucceededifyouhadn'thelpedme.I____________________butforthehelpofyours.IfIhadhadmoneythen,Iwouldhaveboughtthatbook.Ihadnomoneythen,otherwiseI______________thatbook.WithoutChairmanMao,we___________(live)amiserablelifenow.wouldlivewoulddiecouldn'thavesucceededwouldhaveboughtGroupwork解疑合探Question1：Whathavewelearntfromthislesson?Question2：WhatisthefeatureofconditionalSentencesofMixedTime(错综时间条件句)andSentencesofImpliedCondition(含蓄条件句)?1.If虚拟条件句及其倒装2.错综时间条件句3.含蓄条件句Morespecific质疑再探:1.We________(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidn'tlosethemap.(2014,北京)2._______(catch)themorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.(2014,天津)3._______(be)therenomodern(2014,福建)telecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.4.Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey_____________(come)toourhelp.(2014,浙江)should/could/mightbeHadhecaughtWerewouldhavecome5.IfMr.Dewey________(be)present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothehelpthere.(2014,湖南)6.Ifwe_________(book)atableearlier,wewouldn'tbestandinghereinqueue.(2013,北京)7.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________abletospeakitmuchbetternow.(2013,天津)8.I_________(go)tocousin'sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.(2013,安徽)hadbeenhadbookedwouldbewouldhavegone知识拓展wish/ifonly(要是……就好了）+从句与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone（或用couldhavedone）与将来事实相反could/would/might+doIwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.Iwishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.hadvisitedus/couldhavevisiteduswould/could/mightvisitvisitedIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI_____(be)abird!hadlistenedwere二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.asif/asthough（好像）+从句与现在相反did/were与过去相反haddone与将来相反would/could/might+doHelooksasifhewereanartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhehadseenit.(区分evenif/though)1.IfMissGreen__________latetomorrow,whowouldtakeherplace?(come)2.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthere_____noli