低电压穿越北京研讨会

ForschungsgemeinschaftfürElektrischeAnlagenundStromwirtschafte.V.LVRTconformityproofingforwindfarmsviavalidatedWECmodels通过验证过的风电机组模型检验风电场低电压穿越符合性LVRTWorkshopCEPRI-GTZ-FGH,Beijing,06-07JAN2009低电压穿越研讨会CEPRI-GTZ-FGH,北京，2009年1月06-07日BernhardSchowe-vonderBrelie,FGH1Agenda提纲ƒRegulativeFramework体系框架ƒGeneralApproachesforWindFarmConformityTesting风电场符合性测试的一般方法ƒParsProToto以部分代替整体ƒSimulationviavalidatedWECmodels通过验证过的风电机组模型进行仿真ƒSimulationviaValidatedWECModels通过验证过的风电机组模型进行仿真ƒScopeofsimulation仿真范围ƒRequiredmodelcharacteristics要求的模型特点ƒValidationprocess验证程序ƒWindfarmsimulationandcertificationProcess风电场仿真和认证程序ƒSecondaryAspects–ExistingInstallations次要方面-现有设备ƒConclusion结论2RegulativeFrameworkforWindFarmConformityTesting–OverviewonStatusQuo风电场符合性测试的体系框架-现状综述ƒMediumVoltageDirective,Germany2008中压电网规范，德国2008Definesrequirementsforwindfarmcertificationasaprerequisiteforintegrationtomediumvoltagegrid确定风电场认证要求，作为接入中压电网的前提条件ƒProcedureforverificationvalidationandcertificationoftherequirementsofthePO12.3ontheresponseofwindfarmsintheeventofvoltagedips(PVVC),Spain2006验证有效性和PO12.3关于风电场对电压跌落(PVVC)的反应的认证要求，西班牙2006DefinesprocessforwindfarmconformitytestingwithrespecttothePO12.3(Requirementsregardingwindpowerfacilityresponsetogridvoltagedips)确定了PO12.3中关于风电场符合性测试的程序（有关风电设施对电网电压跌落反应的要求）ƒRenewableEnergyLaw(EEG),Germany2009可再生能源法(EEG),德国2009Definesrequirementsforwindfarmcertification(newandexistingprojects)asaprerequisiteforrenewableenergyfeed-intariffandsupplementaryancillaryservicebonus制订风电场(新建已建项目)认证要求，作为确定可再生能源上网电价和辅助服务补助的前提条件3GeneralAlternativeApproaches一般替代方法1.“Pars-Pro-Toto”“以部分代替整体”ƒTestifyconformityofsingleWECtypesviameasurement通过测量验证个别风电机组类型的符合性➜Declare(proportionate)conformityofentirewindfarmif(partially)consistingoftestifiedWECtypes如果风电场(部分地)包含验证过的风电机组类型，则表示整个风电场(成比例的)的符合性(appliedinEEGforexistinginstallations;optioninPVVC)（适用于EEG中的现存设施；PVVC中的可选择）windfarm风电场TestifiedWECtype验证过的风电机组类型Non-testifiedWECtype未验证的风电机组类型➜75%conformityofwindfarm风电场75%的符合性4GeneralAlternativeApproaches一般替代方法1.“Pars-Pro-Toto”“以部分代替整体”ƒTestifyconformityofsingleWECtypesviameasurement通过测量验证个别风电机组类型的符合性➜Declare(proportionate)conformityofentirewindfarmif(partially)consistingoftestifiedWECtypes如果风电场(部分地)包含验证过的风电机组类型，则表示整个风电场(成比例的)的符合性(appliedinEEGforexistinginstallations;optioninPVVC)（适用于EEG中的现存设施；PVVC中的可选项）2.SimulationviaWECmodels通过风电机组模型进行仿真ƒTestifyconformityofsingleWECtypesviameasurement通过测量验证个别风电机组类型的符合性ƒValidatesimulationmodelsoftheseWECtypes验证这些风电机组类型的仿真模型➜Testconformityviacomprehensivewindfarmsimulation通过全面的风电场仿真检验符合性(appliedinGermanMediumVoltageDirective;optioninPVVC)（在德国中压电网规范中应用；PVVC中的可选择）5Generalapproaches–Comparison一般方法-比较ParsProToto以部分代替整体✚LoweffortsincebasedonsingleWECs’conformity由于基于单台风电机组的一致性故易于实现✚Mostsuitablefor“mixed”windfarms,consistingofdifferenttypesofWECs特别适合由不同类型的风电机组组成的“混合型”风电场━ApproachisfullyneglectingdynamicalfeedbacksbetweenWECsandotherassetsinthewindfarm此方法完全忽略风电场中风电机组和其它设备间的动态反馈━theevidenceofthefarm’sconformitycannotbetestifiedintermsoftheentity’sresponsetofailures对故障的整体反应方面不能证明风电场的符合性SimulationviavalidatedWECmodels通过校验过的风电机组模型进行仿真✚ApproachtakesintoaccountdynamicinteractionbetweenWECsandotherassetsinthewindfarm此方法考虑了风电场中风电机组和其他设备间的动态影响✚Windfarm’sconformitycanbeproofedintermsoftheentity’sbehaviour从整体角度检验了风电场的符合性━Additionalcompetencesrequiredwithrespecttogridcalculationandmodelporting电网计算和建模需要附加功能━”Mixed”windfarmswithWECsofdifferentmanufacturesmaycausedifficultiesduetoconfidentialityissueswithregardtoWECmodels由不同厂家的风电机组组成的“混合型”风电场可能会遇到风电机组模型保密的难题Simulationprovidesmostreliableconformitytest仿真方法可提供更可靠的符合性测试Objectioncanbemetbyadaptedprocesses应用过程会遇到的障碍6Agenda提纲ƒRegulativeFramework体系框架ƒGeneralApproachesforWindFarmConformityTesting风电场符合性测试的一般方法ƒParsProToto以部分代替整体ƒSimulationviavalidatedWECmodels通过验证过的风电机组模型进行仿真ƒSimulationviaValidatedWECModels通过验证过的风电机组模型进行仿真ƒScopeofsimulation仿真范围ƒRequiredmodelcharacteristics要求的模型特点ƒValidationprocess验证程序ƒWindfarmsimulationandcertificationProcess风电场仿真和认证程序ƒSecondaryAspects–ExistingInstallations次要方面-现有设备ƒConclusion结论7Simulation–Scopeofmodels仿真-模型范围Normaloperation正常运行ActivePowerControl–simplemodelofsetpointsandstepresponses(dependingonprimaryenergysupplyandfrequency)有功功率控制–设定值控制和阶跃响应的简单模型(取决于主电源和频率)ReactivePowerControl–simplemodelofsetpointsandstepresponses(cosφ(P);Q(U))无功功率控制–设定值控制和阶跃响应的简单模型(cosφ(P);Q(U))Systempertubations(harmonics)–calculationaccordingtoIEC60400-21系统扰动(谐波)–根据IEC60400-21计算Modeof(re-)connection–staticbehaviour;nomodelrequired(重)并网模式–静态特性；无需模型Failuremode(Voltagedip)故障模式(电压跌落)LVRTbehaviour–failuredetection,responsetovoltagedips(nodisconnection)anddynamicbehaviourofreactiveandshortcircuitcurrent)低电压穿越动作–故障检测，对电压跌落的反应(不脱网)及无功和短路电流的动态特性✔✔✔✔!➜Separatemodelsfordifferentmodesapplicable对不同的应用模式分别建立模型8Simulation–WECmodelscharacteristics仿真–风电机组模型特点ƒModelsmustfeatureallrelevantresponsesofWECwithrespecttoconsideredgridcode模型必须体现应用的并网导则中风电机组的所有相关反应ƒVoltageandcurrentcharacteristicsshouldberepresentedasalternationeffectivevalues电压电流特性以交流有效值表示ƒFornormaloperationandthree-phasefailures,thecalculationofthepositivesequencesys