ccna第17章 帧中继ppt

第十七章帧中继2CisxoEducationSolution河南济源农联社改造建设3CisxoEducationSolution青岛市地税局应用案例4CisxoEducationSolution武汉商业银行信息网络工程网络系统示意图(WAN)FR/DDN/X.25/PSTNFR/DDN/X.25/PSTNCISCO7507商业银行总行/分行CISCO3620VCISCO7204支行........CISCO2600V储蓄所CISCO2600V储蓄所CISCO2600V储蓄所CISCO2600V储蓄所CISCO2600V储蓄所InternetCISCO3640VCISCO3620VCISCO7204支行CISCO3620VCISCO7204支行5CisxoEducationSolution帧中继概述•是由国际电信联盟通信标准化组和美国国家标准化协会制定的一种标准。•它定义在公共数据网络上发送数据的过程。•它是一种面向连接的数据链路技术，为提供高性能和高效率数据传输进行了技术简化，它靠高层协议进行差错校正，并充分利用了当今光纤和数字网络技术。6CisxoEducationSolution帧中继的作用•帧使用DLCI进行标识，它工作在第二层；帧中继的优点在于它的低开销。•帧中继在带宽方面没有限制，它可以提供较高的带宽。•典型速率56K-2M/s内。7CisxoEducationSolution学员思考•五个点要求能两两互连，如何连接？•每个点需要多少串口？8CisxoEducationSolutionStar(HubandSpoke)FullMeshPartialMesh选择FrameRelay拓扑结构9CisxoEducationSolution•全网结构：提供最大限度的相互容错能力；物理连接费用最为昂贵。•部分网格结构：对重要结点采取多链路互连方式，有一定的互备份能力。•星型结构：最常用的帧中继拓扑结构，由中心节点来提供主要服务与应用，工程费最省10CisxoEducationSolution帧中继的前景•一种高性能，高效率的数据链路技术。•它工作在OSI参考模型的物理层和数据链路层，但依赖TCP上层协议来进行纠错控制。•提供帧中继接口的网络可以是一个ISP服务商；也可能是一个企业的专有企业网络。•目前，它是世界上最为流行的WAN协议之一，它是优秀的思科专家必备的技术之一。11CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay与OSIOSI参考模型FrameRelayPhysicalPresentationSessionTransportNetworkDataLinkApplicationEIA/TIA-232,EIA/TIA-449,V.35,X.21,EIA/TIA-530FrameRelayIP/IPX/AppleTalk,etc.12CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay术语LocalAccessLoop=T1LocalAccessLoop=64kbpsLocalAccessLoop=64kbpsDLCI:400PVCDLCI:500LMI100=Active400=ActiveDLCI:200DLCI:100PVC13CisxoEducationSolution•DTE：客户端设备(CPE),数据终端设备•DCE：数据通信设备或数据电路端接设备•虚电路（VC）：通过为每一对DTE设备分配一个连接标识符，实现多个逻辑数据会话在同一条物理链路上进行多路复用。•数字连接识别号（DLCI）：用以识别在DTE和FR之间的逻辑虚拟电路。•本地管理接口（LMI）：是在DTE设备和FR之间的一种信令•标准，它负责管理链路连接和保持设备间的状态。14CisxoEducationSolutionCSU/DSUFrameRelay地址映射-从提供商那里得到本地的DLCI号-建立目的地址和本地DLCI之间的映射关系-frame-relaymapip10.1.1.1500broadcastDLCI:500PVC10.1.1.1InverseARPorFrameRelaymapIP(10.1.1.1)FrameRelayDLCI(500)15CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay信号•Cisco路由器支持的LMI标准:-Cisco-ANSIT1.617AnnexD-ITU-TQ.933AnnexADLCI:400PVCKeepaliveCSU/DSUDLCI:500PVC10.1.1.1xLMI500=Active400=Inactive16CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay和LMI类型FrameRelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=400172.168.5.5172.168.5.7LMI类型：管理参数，Cisco是其中的一种专用协议，另外还有ANSILMI类型；Q933ALMI类型；17CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作FrameRelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=400172.168.5.5172.168.5.718CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作2StatusInquiry2StatusInquiryFrameRelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=400172.168.5.5172.168.5.719CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作3LocalDLCI100=Active4LocalDLCI400=Active2StatusInquiry2StatusInquiryFrameRelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=4003172.168.5.5172.168.5.720CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作4Hello,Iam172.168.5.5.3LocalDLCI100=Active4LocalDLCI400=Active2StatusInquiry2StatusInquiryFrameRelayCloud1DLCI=100DLCI=4003172.168.5.5172.168.5.721CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作Hello,Iam172.168.5.7.45FrameRelayMap172.168.5.5DLCI400ActiveFrameRelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400FrameRelayMap172.168.5.7DLCI100Active5172.168.5.5172.168.5.722CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作Hello,Iam172.168.5.7.45FrameRelayMap172.168.5.5DLCI400ActiveFrameRelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400FrameRelayMap172.168.5.7DLCI100Active5Hello,Iam172.168.5.5.6172.168.5.5172.168.5.723CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay的反转ARP协议和LMI工作KeepalivesKeepalivesHello,Iam172.168.5.7.45FrameRelayMap172.168.5.5DLCI400ActiveFrameRelayCloudDLCI=100DLCI=400FrameRelayMap172.168.5.7DLCI100Active5Hello,Iam172.168.5.5.677172.168.5.5172.168.5.724CisxoEducationSolutionRel.11.2RouterRel.10.3RouterinterfaceSerial1ipaddress10.16.0.1255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relaybandwidth64interfaceSerial1ipaddress10.16.0.2255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relaybandwidth64frame-relaylmi-typeansiHQBranch配置FrameRelay25CisxoEducationSolutionDLCI=110IPaddress=10.16.0.1/24p1r1DLCI=100IPaddress=10.16.0.2/24interfaceSerial1ipaddress10.16.0.1255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relaybandwidth64frame-relaymapip10.16.0.2110broadcastHQBranch配置在DTE中静态的FrameRelay映射26CisxoEducationSolution帧中继实例FrameRelayCloud2501DLCI=200DLCI=100172.16.2.2172.16.2.14000A2503S3S1S0S027CisxoEducationSolutionCISCO2503（DTE）•interfaceSerial0•ipaddress172.16.2.1255.255.255.0•encapsulationframe-relay•frame-relaylmi-typecisco•frame-relaymapip172.16.2.2100broadcast28CisxoEducationSolutionCISCO2501（DTE）•interfaceSerial0•ipaddress172.16.2.2255.255.255.0•encapsulationframe-relay•frame-relaylmi-typecisco•frame-relaymapip172.16.2.1200broadcast29CisxoEducationSolutionFrameRelay调试命令•Showframepvc•显示经过路由器的所有PVC的状态•Showframelmi•显示本地管理接口，LMI为VC提供状态管理和广播；•Showframemap•查看当前映射项和DLCI映射表的相关信息。•Showinterface•提供了相关路由器上的所有接口的信息，up,up•注意：DCE端的时钟频率，带宽，等等设置•DTE端的线路的DLCI号与帧中继的静态映射。30CisxoEducationSolution查看FrameRelay信息显示协议、DLCI、和LMI的相关信息Router#showinterfaces0Serial0isup,lineprotocolisupHardwareisHD64570Internetaddressis10.140.1.2/24MTU1500bytes,BW1544Kbit,DLY20000usec,rely255/255,load1/255EncapsulationFRAME-RELAY,loopbacknotset,keepaliveset(10sec)LMIenqsent19,LMIstatrecvd20,LMIupdrecvd0,DTELMIupLMIenqrecvd0,LMIstatsent0,LMIupdsent0LMIDLCI1023LMItypeisCISCOframerelayDTEFRSVCdisabled,LAPFstatedownBroadcastqueue0/64,broadcastssent/dropped8/0,interfacebroadcasts5Lasti