城乡教育不平等与收入差距扩大-基于省级混合截面数据的实证分析-张海峰

[]2006-02-10[](70233003)[](1979-),,,,(,310027)[]26,,,,,,,[];;;[]F124.7[]A[]1007-9556(2006)02-0031-08Urban-RuralInequalityinEducationOpportunityandtheIncreasingIncomeGap:Evidencefromprovincialpooledcross-sectionaldataZHANGHai-feng(Collegeofeconomics,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310027,China)Abstract:ThispaperanalyzesthefactoftheinequalityineducationbetweenurbanandrurallaborsinChinaanditsaffectstheenlargingoftheincomegap.Usingpooledcross-sectionaldatasetof26provinces,weestimatethedynamiceffectoftheinequalityineducationinin2creasingincomegap.Wefindthattheurban-ruralgapineducationplaysanimportantroleintheenlargingoftheincomegap.Therefore,in2equalityineducationopportunityplaysanimportantinthecurrentenlargementoftheincomegap,anditwillhavedurativeinfluenceonthefu2tureenlargementoftheincomegap.KeyWords:inequalityineducationopportunity;humancapital;incomegap;pooledcross-sectionaldata,,,,,(JohnKnight&LinaSong,1991;,1997;KhanGriffin&Riskin,1999;,2000;XinMeng,2002;,2002;,2004),,,,(2003),2/5;(2004),,,,,,1320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.2(2005),,2090,,,,,,(70%),,55.5%,:,,;,,,,,,,()(),,,,,,,:1/4,1/6,,1/10(,2004),(),11(19782003):2004,,,1997,(2004),,,56%,,164.6%,,(),26.54,(),,,,,,,,(),1,3,,80%,55%,,2320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.219951999,53.5%,()40%;,1.5%2%,11%,20%,78%(,2004),,,(23),,,,,,,,1(19962002)(%)199619971998199920002001200216.317.220.322.825.527.829.743.943.742.041.240.037.836.735.434.732.831.329.729.628.74.34.44.94.74.74.94.9100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.057.556.656.855.854.358.854.942.543.443.244.245.741.245.1:,,:19962001:,200220022(2001)(:%)96.8198.2696.0427.4040.9420.2588.8192.3284.7416.9523.519.35:20013(://)1992--13.9916.28--20.1622.831993--13.7416.19--20.6023.141994--14.2316.64--20.9823.701995--14.9217.41--21.1724.3219961150.00884.2715.3017.98705.97499.821.4324.8919971663.56900.8915.3518.44734.65532.5621.8725.3919981937.41854.1715.5818.75843.39570.0721.8325.1619992063.88845.6416.1719.36939.75632.0921.1724.2120002178.83853.3417.0520.091036.69721.9720.6623.1220012232.951124.8617.9319.901372.58852.3119.6522.682002--18.2920.01--19.4821.901871.11910.5315.6918.28938.84634.8020.8223.66:19922003,3320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.2();()()(,)2001,,9(4)(5),10,,,,30(1990)20(2000),41515(:%)152452212177123451432.9309.61123.25.842.549.10124606214862457975.7222.8752.97.833.5812.055759029305282858562.22526.86035.414.878.6221.34:2001510(:)1990200019902000199020003705735701265822354640926425582334433961303443534220797332028039111461807721083435753021422361148598769164484:(19902000),,,,,,,,,(),,,,,Meng(1995),;MengWu(1998),,,;(2000),,,Zhao(1997),207080,60.1%50.8%27.5%,,,,,,(),,,(T.W.Shultz,1975),,(,1997),,,4320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.2,KatzAutor(1999),,(skill-biasedtechnicalchange)(1997),,(2000),(2004),,,,(2004)19881999,,26()(1974)(earningfunction),,Blinder-Oaxaca,,,(),2.43%,1.45%,,80%90%,(I):(),(Y)(P):Y=Af(P)(1),A(),,(II):(P)(L)(,H),P:P(H,L)=HL(2),H(),L(),,(1):Y=A(HL)H(3),,1;HL:y=AH+L-1(4)(4)():yuryru=AurAruH+urL-1urH+ruL-1ru=AurAru(HurHru)+(LurLru)-1(5),urru()yRatio=yuryru,LRatio=LurLru,0=Ln(AurAru),HRatio=HurHru(5):Ln(yRatio)=0+(+)Ln(HRatio)+(-1)Ln(LRatio)(6)(6):LnyRatio=0+1LnHRatio+2LnLRatio+(7)(7)(LnyRatio)(),Ln(yur)-Ln(yru)LnHRatioLnLRatio(LnHRatio)1,,1%,1%,19972003726,(7)(ytLnHRatio),,,t:5320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.2LnyRatio=0+1LnHRatio+2LnLRatio+tytLnHRatio+(8),,,,,,,,,()(2004)(2004)(2004)()(ChinaInfobank)26(pooledcross-sec2tionalData),1997,,19972003,,()(),()6619972003(yRatio):1822.781.764.50(edu):1821.371.132.32()1828.887.3710.41()1826.533.857.67(labor):1820.400.131.41(industry):GDP1820.200.080.381820.450.200.581820.360.250.43(trade):GDP1820.080.000.79(SOEs):GDP1820.430.140.80:Stata6,,1691216,,():Edu=13Ratioilliteracy+63Ratiopri+93Ratiomid+123Ratiohigh+163RatiounivEduur=Educity3Weightcity+Edutown3Weighttown()(8),OLS(OrdinaryLeastSquare),7Stata,,,(8)OLS(1),1%,(5%1%),19992003,,1997,,(2),(Var2indus),6320064282///////JournalofShanXiFinanceandEconomicsUniversityApr.,2006Vol.28No.27(8)OLS:(LnyRatio)(1)(2)(3)(4)LnHRatio0.7737333(0.1368)0.6730333(0.1351)0.6911333(0.1373)0.3809333(0.1452)LnLRatio-0.1130333(0.0225)-0.0935333(0.0232)-0.0939333(0.0232)-0.1735333(0.0276)y1998LnHRatio-0.0862(0.1225)-0.0599(0.1192)-0.0557(0.1195)-0.0961(0.1129)y1999LnHRatio0.1117(0.1263)0.1553(0.1253)0.1655(0.1261)0.0902(0.1200)y2000LnHRatio0.290833(0.1271)0.3611333(0.1286)0.3736333(0.1298)0.23243(0.1259)y2001LnHRatio0.4765333(0.1311)0.5607333(0.1368)0.5782333(0.1388)0.4332333(0.1344)y2002LnHRatio0.6348333(0.1332)0.7442333(0.1417)0.7634333(0.1439)0.6335333(0.1385)y2003LnHRatio1.0775333(0.1582)1.2008333(0.1647)1.2231333(0.1673)0.9839333(0.1657)Var2indus--0.6782333(0.1823)-0.7183333(0.1897)-0.8580333(0.1813)Var3indus--0.6213(0.4019)-0.76033(0.4407)-0.3316(0.4253)Vartrade--0.0778(0