高三复习精品材料-高考动词短语及搭配

11.agreewith1)表示“同意、赞成…”Idon’tagreewithpeoplesmokingalldaylong.Iagreedwithwhatyousay.2)表示“对食物、天气、工作等适宜”Theweatherdoesnotagreewithme.Hardworkdoesn’tagreewithhim.3)表示“与……一致”Averbmustagreewithitssubjectinpersonandnumber.Whathedoesdoesn’tagreewithwhathesays.AgreetoWeallagreedtoleaveatonce.Weallagreedthatwe(should)leaveatonce.1）表示同意一项打算、安排、计划等。Theyagreetoourarrangement.2)后接suggestion、plan、proposal与名词时，与accept同义Doyouthinkhewillagreeto/acceptmysuggestion?3）to为介词，后接动名词时一般有逻辑主语。IneveragreedtoMarymarryinghim.Agreeon1）主要指双方通过协商就某事取得一致意见或达成协议。Bothsidesagreedontheseterms.2）后接动名词表示同意所做的事情。Theteacheragreedontellingusastory.2.arriveat到达,来到2Onedayaletterfrommyfatherarrivedattheschool.有一天,学校收到了我父亲的一封信。达成,获得,作出(决定)Ihavearrivedattheconclusionthatheisaveryintelligentboy.我已得出结论,他是一个非常聪明的孩子。3.askfor请求…,要求…MightIaskforaphotographofyourlittledaughter?我能要一张你小女儿的照片吗?找…,要求见到…Heisveryillandkeepsaskingforhisdaughter.他病得很厉害,再三要求见他的女儿。自找麻烦Theyaskedforitbyusingthatrudemannerwithme.他们对我态度粗野,想找麻烦。4.go/runaway逃跑,走掉;逃脱Theteenagerranawayafterbeingpunished.那个少年在受到惩罚后逃走了。(使)流走〔掉〕Thewaterranawaythroughthispipe.水通过这条管道流走了。5.breakdown1)表示损坏Theliftbrokedown,sowehadtowalkupthestairs.2)表示谈判破裂Itisreportedthatpeacetalkshavebrokendownbetweenthetwocountries.3)（累的）垮掉了Manystudentshavebrokendownfromtheheavyhomework.34)（汽车）抛锚Wearelatebecausethecarbrokedown.5)（把化合物等）分解Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.6)breakdown为“动词+副词”结构，有时可分开始用，即breakdown。该短语在使用时有“失去功能（作用）”的意思。另外，它还有一些引申意义，如“垮掉，受挫，失败”等。6.breakout1)（战争、火灾等）突然发生，爆发Thefirebrokeoutinthemiddleofthenight.Thesecondworldwarbrokeoutin1939.Nobodyrealizedthatanearthquakewasgoingtobreakout.Bythetimethewarbrokeout,mostofthepeoplehadalreadyleft.2)哄然大笑Theybrokeoutlaughingonhearingthejoke.3)通常指的是某种不好的事情，如疾病、火灾、口角、战争等的发生。4)breakout是“动—副”结构构成的不及物的动词短语，没有被动语态。因此，“Afirewasbrokenoutintheschoolyesterday.”是错误的句子。5)breakout还有“逃走”之意，此时与breakoutof的意思一样，但用法不同，breakoutof之后须接从何处逃离的句子。比较：Theencircledenemywereunabletobreakout.与Severalcrimesbrokeoutoftheprison.7.callfor1)需要，要求Thisproblemcallsforpromptsettlement.ThepublicopinioncalledfortheresignationofthePresident.Successinschoolcallsformuchhardwork.2)提倡号召I’llcallforatsixo’clockandwe’llgotothetheatertogether.注：在使用时，call和for不能分开使用。48.carefor1)喜欢，愿意Theydon’tcareformodernart.Idon’tcareforhintosmoketoomuch.Whichjacketareyoucaringfor?Icareforskatingontherealsnowinwinter.2)照顾（病人）Hestayedathometocareforhislittlesisterforhisparentswereatwork.3)carefor在做“喜欢、想要”讲时，一般用于否定句和疑问句，且不可用与被动语态。但他还有一个意思是“关怀、照顾”。4)carefor与单独一个nothing或anything连用时，nothing或anything应置于短语之间，如：Icarenothingforhisthreats.9.carryon继续下去，继续进行，继续开展Weshallcarryontheworkinspiteofthedifficulties.Thenegotiationswerecarriedoninspiteofthecomplaintsbybothsides.Youshouldn’tcarryonlongtalkwithyourboyfriendwhileotherpeoplearewaitingtomakeatelephonecall.MyEnglishteacher’sdaughterwillcarryonhermother’slifelongwork.10.carryout(=putinaction,follow,perform)1)开展，执行I’vesomedifficultiesincarryingouttheplan.Onceadecisionisreached,itmustbefirmlycarriedout.Wehavetocarryouttheplansincewehavepromisedtodoso.Weallhavecertaindutiesandjobstocarryout.2)这是一个“动—副”结构的及物动词短语，常接work,plan,experiment,promise,5agreement等名词，并常用语被动语态。11.catchupwith赶上（或超过）Heransofastthathesooncaughtupwithme.Ihavebeenillfortwoweeks,soImusttrytocatchupwithmywork.Aftermissingatermthroughillnessshehadtoworkhardtocatchupwiththeothers.Thethieveshadgonetenmilesbeforethepolicecaughtupwiththem.辨析：catchup,catchupwith,keepupwith1)catchup意为“赶上、追上”时，表示有目的地去赶或追某人（事物）。Therewasaten-milechasebeforethethieveswerecaughtupbythepolicecar.2)catchupwith则表示开始处于落后的地位，后来赶上。keepupwith表示“与……并肩前进”“与……保持地位”。HefindsitdifficulttokeepupwiththerestoftheclassinEnglish.12.comeback1)回来Whenshecomesback,willyougiveheramessage?Now,comebacktowhatyouweresayingamomentago.Don’tbesoupset,I’llcomebackinayear.BesuretocomeearlyorIwillpunishyou.2)想起来Themiserablelifeofthosedayscamebacktohismind.ItsuddenlycamebacktomewhereIhadseentheboybefore.3)comeback为“动—副”结构不及物的动词短语，和retern同义，表示返回到某处。comeback后常跟介词to。613.comedown落，下来Herweightiscomingdownsharply.Thecustomhascomedowntousfromourforefathers.Theycamedownfromthebridge.Ishowered,dressedandcamedownforbreakfast.Threeoftheenemyplanescamedowninthebattle.Wewereforcedtocomedowninthefield.14.comefrom出生于，来自Mywifecomesfromshanghai.ThesetoyscomefromHongKong.TheseraisinscomefromXinjiang,theytastedelicious.ThekangaroosinthiszoocomefromAustralia.注：comefrom表示“出生于”不用于现在完成时；用于现在完成时，就当“从……来”讲。比较：Wheredoesyourfathercomefrom?Wherehasyourfathercomefrom?比较：comefrom,comeof,comefor1)comefrom有“来自，源自于”和“出生于”的意思。表示前者意思时，主语可以是人或物；表示后者意思时主语只能是人宾语为表示什么样家庭的名词。2)comeof的主要意思是“出生于（=bebornof）”，这是可用comefrom代换。它亦可表示“是……结果（resultfrom）”的意思。3)comefor是为一定的目的“来拿或来取（某物）以及来找或来接（某人）”的意思，有时指朝目标冲过来。如：Correctideascomefromsocialpractice.7Hecameofapoorpeasantfamily.ThepostmanhascomeforhisChristmasbox.15.comein进入，进来Assoonasthefreshvegetablescomein,weputthemonsale.Shecameinlookingworried.AshiphasjustcomeinfromJapan.Shewaitednearthebusterminusuntilthelastbuscamein.HasthetrainfromShanghaicomeinyet?辨析：comein,comeintocomein中的in为副词，是“在……之中”的意思，表示静态