高一英语名词性从句复习

Practicetime.单句改错1.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunareknowntoall.2.Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.3.Ididn’tknowthatyouwillcome.4.Hesaidthatheiswritingastory.5.Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive?6.YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules.___is______hasn’t____would___was______hewill___________________Englishhas在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()FTTF名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序———陈述语序二、名词性从句连接词的选用1.that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.9._____hasmadeChina_____itisnow.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatwhatwhatwhether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if所取代：1.whether引导主语从句（包括从句在句首的位置)不用if，如：Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.Whetherhewillcome,Iamnotsure.2.引导表语从句用whether，不用if，如：Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.引导同位语从句用whether，不用if，如：Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisimportant.4.whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而if则不能，如：I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.2.whether与if的辨用7.用if会引起歧义时。Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikeit.该句有两个意思：“请告诉我你是否喜欢”。或“如果你喜欢,请告诉我。”用了whether就可以避免。5.whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而if则不能，如：Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.6.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用ifIdon’tknowwhetheritisrightornot.引导动词之后的宾语从句可用if或者whetherPracticetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.9.______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf3.其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.Whenwhowhatwherethat引导名词性从句时在从句中不做任何成分，也没有具体的意义。其他连接词在引导从句时都做相应的成分并有具体的意思。ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall.Theproblemisthatwedon’thaveenoughmoneySheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday.1.)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。4.that不能省略的情况2).It做形式宾语的宾语从句：Idon’tthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishloudly.3).并列宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略Hetoldme(that)hisfatherhaddiedandthathehadtomakealivingalone.4).当that宾语从句中状语部分位与从句前部时，Tellhimthatifhecomestomorrow,pleasecallme.5).当that前有插入语时Tomdidn’tknow,I’msure,thathissisterwasgoingtoJapan.6).当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.that/(that)1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that6.whatever/whoever的功用：Whatever/whoever可引导主语，宾语，表语从句，并在从句中做主语，宾语，表语。这种用法中，whatever/whoever不含疑问意义。Whatever=anythingthat;whoever=anyonewho1.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.____________breaksthelawistobepunished.Anyonewho2.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo____________hewantsthemtodo.anythingthat疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别：①疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop.②疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished,Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.③nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished.Nomatter+疑问词可换成疑问词+ever二。宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomedaywhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldme______________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme______________________.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。Theteachertellus______________________hewaspreparingfortheexaminationHehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyearslighttravelsinastraightline.三、同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedou