60大学英语四级考试备考练习1

沪江四六级网大学英语四级考试备考练习1PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicNoSmokinginPublicPlaces.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.有人在公共场所吸烟;2.在公共场所吸烟的危害;3.如何杜绝这一现象。PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.Forquestions1-7,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage.NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.WhatIsCultureShock?Cultureshockcanbedescribedasthefeelingofconfusionanddisorientation(迷惘)thatoneexperienceswhenfacedwithalargenumberofnewandunfamiliarpeopleandsituations.Manythingscontributetoit—smells,sounds,flavorsandtheveryfeelingoftheaironeisbreathing.Thesymptomsofcultureshockcanappearatdifferenttimes.Althoughonecanexperiencerealpainfromcultureshock,itisalsoanopportunityofredefiningone’slifeobjectives.Itisagreatopportunityoflearningandacquiringnewperspectives.Cultureshockcanmakeonedevelopabetterunderstandingofoneselfandstimulatepersonalcreativity.Symptoms:Sadness,loneliness,melancholy(忧郁)PreoccupationwithhealthAches,painsandallergies(过敏)Insomnia,desiretosleeptoomuchortoolittleChangesintemperament,depression,feelingvulnerable,feelingpowerlessAnger,irritability,resentment,unwillingnesstointeractwithothersIdentifyingwiththeoldcultureoridealizingtheoldcountryLossofIdentity:TryingtoohardtoabsorbeverythinginthenewcultureorcountryInabilitytosolvesimpleproblems沪江四六级网(整合)ortripleintegrationdependingonthenumberofculturesthatthepersonhastoprocess.Thisintegrationisaccompaniedbyamoresolidfeelingofbelonging.Thepersonstartstodefinehimself/herselfandestablishgoalsforliving.Thefifthstageisthestagethatiscalledreentryshock.Thisoccurswhenareturntothecountryoforiginismade.Onemayfindthatthingsarenolongerthesame.Forexample,someofthenewlyacquiredcustomsarenotinuseintheoldculture.Thesestagesarepresentatdifferenttimesandeachpersonhashis/herownwayofreactinginthestagesofcultureshock.Asaconsequence,somestageswillbelongerandmoredifficultthanothers.Manyfactorscontributetothedurationandeffectofcultureshock.Thefactorsaretheindividual’sstateofmentalhealth,typeofpersonality,previousexperiences,socio-economicconditions,familiaritywiththelanguage,familyand/orsocialsupportsystemsandlevelofeducation.HowtoFightCultureShockThemajorityofemigrantindividualsandfamilieshavetheabilitytopositivelyconfronttheobstaclesofanewenvironment.Somewaystocombatstressproducedbycultureshockare:沪江四六级网’tforgetthegoodthingsyoualreadyhave.Remember,therearealwaysresourcesthatyoucanuse.Bepatient—theactofemigratingisaprocessofadaptationtonewsituations.Itisgoingtotaketime.Learntobeconstructive.Ifyouencounteranunfavorableenvironment,don’tputyourselfinthatpositionagain.Beeasyonyourself.Don’ttrytoohard.Learntoincludearegularformofphysicalactivityinyourroutine.Thiswillhelpcombatthesadnessandlonelinessinaconstructivemanner.Exercise,swim,takeanaerobicsclass,etc.Relaxationandmeditationhavebeenproventobeverypositiveforpeoplewhoarepassingthroughperiodsofstress.Maintaincontactwithyourethnicgroup.Thiswillgiveyouafeelingofbelongingandwillreduceyourfeelingsoflonelinessandalienation.Maintaincontactwiththenewculture.Learnthelanguage.Volunteerincommunityactivitiesthatallowyoutopracticethelanguagethatyouarel