高中英语定语从句2(1)

英语一轮复习：高中阶段训练模块一语法定语从句总复习Today’sLearningGoals1.复习定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择2.把握定语从句在高考试题中常见的考点和出题方式。世界给目标明确的人让路！Theworldmakeswayforthemanwhoknowswhereheisgoing.宾语从句定语从句一、课本整合初中课本：初三（九年级）P143-P144高中课本：Book1Unit4&Unit5P90-P91高中课本：Book2Unit1&Unit5P85-P87高中课本：Book7Unit4&Unit5P96二.高考真题回顾20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.HoweducationshapedhislifeB.HowhislanguageskillsimprovedC.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell1.2018年全国1卷听力ThethingthatIwanttotellyoutodayisthis:Educationisimportant.ThisissomethingthatIlearnedwhenIstartedmyownbusiness,whichisdoingreallywell.2.阅读2016全国IAnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.3.七选五（2018全国I）38.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswearemostfamiliarwith4.完型填空改编(2018全国I）Theabsolutemostimportantskill______youlearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegooddecisions.that当你下棋时，最重要的技能就是如何才能做出重要的决定。5.语法填空(2018全国I）Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014(66)_____showedamerefivetotenminutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.that/which6.改错(2018全国卷I)Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.where三．考纲中定语从句要求：1.掌握关系代词及关系副词的基本用法。2.掌握限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法及区别。3.掌握介词后只能接whom或which的用法。四．ReviewthebasicrulesofattributiveclauseI.定语从句分为__________和_________,形式上可通过逗号进行判断。定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词甚至一个句子。被修饰的词叫做_______，引导定语从句的词叫______。作用:1.放在先行词与定语从句中间起了______作用。2.在从句中担当一个____，并与先行词保持数的一致。先行词关系词连接限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句成分HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why主语宾语定语指人whothatwhom（优先）whothatwhose（ofwhom）指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose（一）引导定语从句的关系代词19when,where,why关系副词先行词在从句中的成分when时间时间状语where地点地点状语whyreason原因状语（二）引导定语从句的关系副词如何选用定语从句的关系词•1.首先分清主句和定语从句•2.确定定语从句的先行词•3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）•4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。五、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.引导定语从句的关系代词1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语③that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.④whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.2.which,that的用法which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略☆whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用_______.that☆Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.☆Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.(2015安徽卷)3.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用which关系副词When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代30when•when可用in/on/at/during+which代替1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.whenwhich31why•why可用for+which代替1.Thisisthereason.2.IwaslateforschoolThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.whyforwhich.32where•where可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.Thisistheschool.2.Ihaveworkedformorethan10years.in1.ThisistheschoolwhereIhaveworkedformorethan10years.wherewhich.只用that不用which的情况优化P2571.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.3.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.4.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.5.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?Whichisthebikethatyoulost?a.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用that不用whichb.先行词前有theonly,thevery修饰时，用that不用which。c.先行词既有人也有物时，用that不用which。d.主语是疑问词who或which时，只能用that引导定语从句。e.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词关系词只用which不用that的情况：在非限制性定语从句中,只能用whichTheboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,_______worriedhisparentsverymuch.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，用which不用that。1.2016年江苏卷23题Manyoftheyoungpeople,mostof_________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.2.Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof__________werepublishedinthe1990s.whichwhomwhichas,which的用法区别非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。①Theywonthegame,______wehadexpected.②Theywonthegame,_________wehadn’texpected.③____iswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.aswhichAs注意：theway做先行词时，定语从句中缺少方式状语时可由that,inwhich引导或不用引导词。Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhich/Ｘyouspeaktoyourmother.1.Thisistheway_____helpedmealot.2.Theway________MissLiuteachesEnglishisquitedifferentfromMissZhao's.that/whichthat/inwhich/x1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearin