医学博士英语摘要写作范文

1英语摘要可以分成三个部分，一是引言段，引出问题；二是正文段，概述问题并加以讨论；三是结论段，用专家的建议作为结尾。总之，摘要写作时切忌“见木不见林”，要体现出层次感，结构要明快，不要拘泥于细节，这样可以向阅卷老师表明你的逻辑性强，抓住了要点。ABlindZoneinChildr-Nutrition（97FATMD）Thisarticlerevealsamistakenideainchild-raisingwhichdeservescorrecting.Mostparentstakeitforgrantedthatchildrenshouldeatmoreanimalfoodssuchaschicken,meatandfishthangrainfoodbecausetheformerarefarmoreexpensiveandthemoreexpensivethefoodisthemorenutritiousitis.However,thisis,infact,amistakenideawhichhasleadtomalnutritionamongmanycitykids.ThisisindicatedinasurveyrecentlymadeinShanghai.Whatparentsdon’tknowisthatcarbohydrateingrains,starchandsugar,themainandmostinexpensivenutrientforenergysupply,isofequalimportanceinmetabolism.Theenergyitsuppliesisthemainsourceofcaloriesinhumanbodies,about60%ofthetotalamountofcalories.Ifthereisalackofcaloriesprovidedbycarbohydrate,proteinandfatwillbeuseduptoprovidetheheatandthuscan’tplaytheiroriginalrolesinthebody.Consequently,itresultsinaretardeddevelopmentinthechildrenandevenmalnutrition.Apparently,thesolutiontotheproblemistoprovidekidswithawell-balancedfoodcontainingprotein,carbohydrateandmanyothernutrients,noneofwhichcanbedonewithout.WritingDrill4（98FATMD）Inthepastseveralyears,manyChinesecollegestudentshavecometoacceptpsychologicalconsultation(PC)theyusedtoreject.In1994,manystudentsdidn’tcaretothinkabouttheconsultationwhilein1996,over90%of2132studentsinasurveyansweredtherelatedquestionnairescarefully.PCisnowgraduallyacceptedbycollegestudentsinChina.Surveysindicatethat70-80%collegestudentshavepsychologicalproblemsand20.3%havesuchobstacles.TherehavebeenreportsonmanyseverecasesresultingfrommisunderstandingandlackofPC.Inviewofthis,manyuniversitiesinNanjinghavesetuppsychologicalhealthcareserviceforstudents.ManystudentshavecorrectedtheirmisunderstandingaboutPCandbravelyaskedtheconsultantsforhelp,whichhasgreatlyhelpedthemovercometheirmentalobstacles.2Evensomemilitarycadetshavebeguntoconsultexpertsforadvice.Expertspointoutthatpromptconsultationcanpreventmentalproblemsfromdevelopingintoobstacles,mentalillnessesandevensuicide.Universitypsychologicalconsultation,youngasitis,hasmaderemarkableprogressandgrownintoauniquecourseinuniversities.Thoughitcontributedtostudents’healthygrowth,itstillhasalongwaytogotobefullyunderstoodandappreciatedbybothstudentsandfaculties.WritingDrill5老年健康饮食为先Agingusuallybringsaboutrecessioninmanybodilyfunctionssuchindigestion,hypertension,arteriosclerosis,andothermetabolicdysfunctions.However,scientistsfindthatthesehypofunctionsareactuallycausedbyirrationaldietsoreatinghabits.Thisarticlediscussesthisproblemandthesolutiontoit.First,balanceddietwithmorevegetablesthananimalfoodisespeciallygoodfortheoldpeople.Second,lessstaplefoodandlesssaltinfoodshouldbesuggestedfortheagedbecauseoverconsumptionofthesetwocanleadtocardiovasculardiseases.Third,morebeanfoodcanreplaceproteinssuchaseggsandfatassourcesofprotein.Fourth,lightfoodshouldbetakenininsteadoffatandoilyfoodswhichusuallycontributetocardiovasculardiseases.Fifth,doctorsalwaysadvisepeopleeatmorefruittoregulatetheirdigestion,metabolismandcardiovascularbalance.Inaword,abalanceddiet,morevegetablefoodinsteadoffatfoodareofthefirstsignificancetothehealthoftheagedandalonglife.WritingDrill6Recently,moreattentionhasbeenpaidtoabehavioralprescriptionforvariousandphysicaldiseases.Itincludeslaughter,sports,dancingandevencrying.Thesemethodshavedifferentfunctions.Laughteractivatesover80muscles.Inlaughing,smoothmusclesinorganscontractandhelpimprovedigestion.Cryingcangiveventtoharmfulchemicalsinthebodyaccumulatedbystress.Sportsanddancingcanrelievechronicillnesssuchasbronchitis,backpain,diabetes,etc.thatmedicationalonecan’tdo.3Manydiseasesoftodayarecausedbybadmentalconditions,workandstress,familyproblems,etc.Medicationdoesn’tusuallyeffectinthesecasesbecauseitdoesn’ttreatthecauseoftheailments.Behavioralprescription,withitsphysicalandmentalmassagelikesportsanddancing,canhelppatientsstayoffthecauseoftheirdiseases.Therefore,itisadvocatedbymanydoctorsandhealthexperts.Itisexpectedthatbehavioralprescriptionwillappliedmorewidelyasaneffectivetherapyinthenearfuture.fWritingDrill7SmokingandHealthItisnotuntilrecentlythatsmokinghasbeenfirmlyprovedtobehazardoustohealth.Itirritatesthethroatandrespiratorypassages.Itsometimesleadstopoorappetite,nausea,shortbreath,andirregularheartbeat.Moreimportantly,smokingisassociatedwithchronicandfataldiseasesofrespiratorytract.Evidenceshowsthatsmokersaremorelikelythannonsmokerstodevelopcancerofthelungs,throat,tongue,andjaw,emphysemaandbronchitisaswell.Asaresult,manynationshavemadeenormouseffortstowarnpeopleofthedangersofsmoking.Whilesmoking,particlesoftobaccotarandsmokeslowdowntheworkofcilia.Thetarcollectedinthelungscancausecancer.Moreover,nicotineintobaccocanbesimulatingbyaffectingvariouscentersonthemedullaoblongataregionofthebrain.Itcanaffectotherphysiologicalprocessthatinturnaffecttherespiratorycenterinthebrain.Itcanalsoinfluenceothercentersthatslowdowntheactionoftheheart,constrictthearteries,andcausevomiting.Inbrief,smokingdoesnothingbutharmtopeople’shealth.