初中英语语法课件：定语从句

TheAttributiveClauseLiMingisaboy.LiMingisagoodboy.LiMingisagoodboy.形容词作定语介词短语作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句作定语叫做定语从句。zxxkwgoodwithglasseswhoiswearingglasses句子作定语何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词。什么是定语从句？ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。它通常是由关系代词（who，whom，whose，that，which，as）和关系副词（where，when，why，how）来引导。关系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解who，that，which这几个关系代词所引导的定语从句即可。组卷网（2）HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman．不到长城非好汉。（先行词是He）1．关系代词who。关系代词who在从句中作主语，它的先行词是指人的名词或代词。例如：(1）Findtheboywhoiswearingaredshirt．找出穿红衬衫的那个男孩。（先行词是theboy）2．关系代词that。关系代词that在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。作宾语时，that可省略。它的先行词可以是指物的名词或代词，也可以是指人的名词或代词。例如：1）Shetoldhermotherallthathadhappened．她把所发生的事情都告诉了她的母亲。（先行词是all，that在从句中作主语）（2）I'llbuyyouthebike（that）yousawintheshopyesterday．我要给你买昨天你在商店里看到的那辆自行车。（先行词是thebike，that在从句中作宾语）（2）Haveyougotanythingwhichyou'dliketobuy？你有想要买的东西吗？（先行词是指物的代词anything，which在从句中作宾语）3．关系代词which。关系代词which在从句中作主语或宾语，其先行词是指物的名词或代词。例如：（1）Theyfirstwenttoalargeroomwhichlookedlikeashop．他们首先到一个很大的看起来像个商店的房间去了。（先行词是指物的名词alargeroom，which在句中作主语）4、who，whom，whosewho在定语从句中作主语，whom是who的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而whose则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语。如：Who‘sthatwoman(whom)youjusttalkedto?你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而whom作定语从句中介词to的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的whom也常常可用who代Thisisourclassmate，Mary，whosehomeisnotfarfromourschool这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。6、除关系代词外，还有关系副词，when，where，why，其中when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：IneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametotheGreatWall而where则指地点，如：Thisisthehousewheretheoldmanlives请看下面例句：1．ThatistherestaurantwhereIwillmeetyou2、JulyisthemonthwhentheweatherisusuallythehottestExercise1:用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedaboutsomething______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.1.2.3.4.将下列每组句子改写为带有定语从句的复合句1.Thenurseisverykind.Shelooksaftermylittlebrother.___________________________________________2.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.Theplay“Teahouse”waswrittenbyLaoShe._______________________________________________3.Themedicinewasquitehelpful.DrLigaveittome._______________________________________________4.Thetrainstartedat5:00p.m..Mikemissedit._______________________________________________5.Theletterisfrommyuncle.1receiveditthreedaysago.6.Cream,butterandcheesearethesamekindsoffoodwhichareallmadefrommilk.Theymakeyoufat._______________________________________________7.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtustheletteryesterday._______________________________________________8.Hedidnotattendthemeeting.Hetoldmethereason._______________________________________________9.Thestudentstudiesveryhard.Herfatherisaworker._______________________________________________10.I'mgoingtovisitthefarm.Myuncleworksthere.___________________________________________Thankyouverymuch!