家庭式太阳能照明系统设计与实现本科毕业论文

本科毕业设计家庭式太阳能系统设计与实现系院：姓名：学号：专业：年级：指导教师：职称：完成日期：2012.05.01摘要20世纪70年代后，太阳能光伏发电在世界范围内受到高度重视并取得了长足进展。太阳能光伏发电技术作为太阳能利用的一个重要组成部分，并被认为是二十一世纪最具发展潜力的一种发电方式。太阳能光伏发电系统的研究对于缓解能源危机、减少环境污染以及减小温室效应具有重要的意义。本文主要从独立型家庭式太阳能照明系统来研究太阳能光伏发电的，以STC12C5410AD单片机为核心，对家庭式太阳能照明控制系统进行优化设计，解决了控制器如何对蓄电池及负载进行有效管理问题，充分提高太阳能电池板的使用效率，延长蓄电池的使用寿命，防止因线路问题而造成的意外事件的发生；文中也详细介绍了太阳能发电系统的工作原理，还对家庭式太阳能光伏发电系统的各组成部分如太阳能电池，蓄电池，逆变器等各方面进行一个详细的分析，依据当地的气象参数对各部件进行相关的参数计算设计，计划实现能使100W以内的交流负载正常工作的家庭式太阳能发电系统，也计算出该系统每年节约用电量，以及所带来的环境效益，系统整体考虑比较周全，设计比较合理。关键词：光伏发电；家庭太阳能；节能环保；智能控制AbstractThesolarenergyisinexhaustible,inexhaustibleandcleanandsafe,isanidealrenewableenergy.Afterthe1970s,solarphotovoltaicpowergenerationintheworldhasbeenattachedtoandmadeconsiderableprogress.Solarphotovoltaictechnologyastheutilizationofsolarenergyisanimportantpartofandisconsideredapowergenerationofthetwenty-firstcenturythemostdevelopmentpotential.Solarphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystemtoalleviatetheenergycrisisandreduceenvironmentalpollution,andreducethegreenhouseeffectisofgreatsignificance.Inthispaper,tostudyfromhomesolarlightingsystems,stand-alonesolarphotovoltaicpowergenerationtoSTC12C5410ADmicrocontrollerasthecoreofhouseholdsolarlightingcontrolsystemtooptimizethedesign,toaddresshowthecontrollerbatteryandloadmanagementissues,improveefficiencyintheuseofsolarpanels,extendingthebatterylife,andtopreventtheoccurrenceofaccidentscausedduetolineproblems.Whichthefamilysolarphotovoltaicpowergenerationsystem,anintegralpartofsuchsolarcells,batteries,inverters,andotheraspectsofadetailedanalysisofthevariouspartswhentheparametersrelatedtocomputationaldesign,plan,100WorlessACloadpowergenerationsystemofthenormalwork,calculatedeachyeartosavepowerconsumption,aswellasenvironmentalbenefits,Systemasawholetoconsideramorebalanced,thedesignismorereasonableKeywords:photovoltaic;solarhome;energysavingandenvironmentalprotection;IntelligentControl目录1绪论....................................................................................................................................11.1太阳能光伏发电的现状..............................................................................................11.2太阳能光伏发电利用的现状......................................................................................21.2.1国外太阳能光伏发电利用状况...................................................................................21.2.2国内太阳能光伏发电利用状况...................................................................................31.3.3家庭式太阳能发电系统的现状...................................................................................42家庭式太阳能发电系统的组成和原理..............................................................................52.1家庭式太阳能发电系统组成......................................................................................52.2家庭式太阳能发电系统的工作原理..........................................................................52.3家庭式太阳能发电系统的整体优点..........................................................................63家庭式太阳能照明系统设计思路......................................................................................73.1总体设计思路..............................................................................................................73.2家庭式太阳能照明系统组成原理框图.......................................................................73.3设计需要考虑的因素...................................................................................................83.4各数据计算..................................................................................................................83.4.1所在地区的地理概况及基本气象资料......................................................................83.4.2太阳能电池组件计算.....................................................................................................93.4.3蓄电池计算........................................................................................................................93.4.4逆变器计算......................................................................................................................103.4.5控制器计算......................................................................................................................103.4.6太阳能电池组件安装...................................................................................................103.4.7系统收益(节电费用)分析..........................................................................................114各部件的组成及工作原理................................................................................................124.1太阳能电池组件的组成及其工作原理.....................................................................124.1.1太阳能电池的分类...........................................................................................................124.1.2硅太阳能电池工作原理与结构....................................................................................124.2蓄电储能系统............................................................................................................144.3逆变器的工作原理....................................................................................................154.4电源控制器的组成及工作原理................................................