人文知识2011(英国略)

1.NamethefirstsonofAdamandEve,responsibleforkillinghisbrotherAbeloutofjealousy.2.WhatnameisgiventothedaywhentheWallStreetstockmarketcrashedon29thOctober1929?3.“Frailty,thynameiswoman”isaquotefromwhichofShakespeareanplays?4..WhichscandalwastheAmericanPresidentRichardNixonassociatedwith?5..Whatisapoemof14linescalled?6.InChristianitywhatdoes“Amen”mean?7.NametwoAmericanblackswhowereawardedtheNobelPrizeforpeaceCaneBlackThursdayHamletTheWatergateburglarySonnetSobeitMartinLutherKingandObamaGeneralIntroductionofAmericaI.Briefinformation:Americanpoliticalsystem:FederationAmericanNationalAnthem:TheStar-SpangledBannerTheStar-SpangledBannerOsay,canyousee,bythedawn'searlylight,Whatsoproudlywehail'datthetwilight'slastgleaming?Whosebroadstripesandbrightstars,thro'theperilousfight,O'ertherampartswewatch'd,weresogallantlystreaming?Andtherockets'redglare,thebombsburstinginair,Gaveproofthro'thenightthatourflagwasstillthere.Osay,doesthatstar-spangledbanneryetwaveO'erthelandofthefreeandthehomeofthebrave?AmericaisthethirdlargestpopulatedandthefourthlargestinsizeintheworldThereare50statesintheU.S.A.,butthereare48continentalstates,and13atthetimeofIndependence;CaliforniaisthelargestinpopulationandAlaskaisthelargestinsizewhileRhodeIslandisthesmallest;TexasisthelargeststateinsizeincontinentalAmerica,HawaiiandAlaskaaregeographicallyseparatedfromtheAmericancontinentAmericanHistoryStage1.DiscoveryofNorthAmericaStage2.EnglishSettlementStage3.ColonialEraStage4.WarofIndependence(1775~1783)Stage5.CivilWar(1861-1865)Stage6.ReconstructionStage7.WesternExplorationStage8.IndustrialGrowthTheNativesofsomeEnglish-speakingcountries:Iberians伊比利亚人(UK)Indians印第安人(USA)Maori毛利人(NewZealand)Inuit/Eskimo因纽特人/爱斯基摩人(Canada)Aboriginals土著人(Australia)AmericanIndependentWarThe1stContinentalCongress(Sep,1774inPhiladelphia):A.OpposedtoBritishoppressioninthecolonies;B.UrgedAmericanstodisobeytheIntolerableActsandboycottBritishtrade;C.BegantoorganizemilitiasandcollectandstoreweaponsThe2ndContinentalCongress(May,1775inPhiladelphia):A.Begantoassumethefunctionsofnationalgovernment;B.foundedContinentalArmyandNavyunderG.WashingtonC.PrintedpapermoneyAmericanIndependentWar(1775-1783)thestruggleoftheBritishcoloniesforindependence,whichendedintheformingoftheUSAThefirstgunshotwasfiredinLexingtoninApril1775TheDeclarationofIndependencewasadoptedonJuly4,1776TheTreatyofPariswassignedinSep.1783,BritainrecognizedtheindependenceoftheU.S.GeorgeWashingtonbecamethefirstAmericanpresidentin1789(April1789—March1793—March1797)TheDeclarationofIndependencewasdraftedbyA.ThomasJeffersonB.GeorgeWashingtonC.BenjaminFranklinD.JohnAdamsWhichofthefollowingwasnotoneoftheauthorsoftheConstitution?A.ThomasJeffersonB.GeorgeWashingtonC.BenjaminFranklinD.JamesMadisonAAAmericanConstitutionTheauthorsoftheConstitutionareGeorgeWashington,BenjaminFranklinandJamesMadison“Weheldthesetruthtobeself-evidentthatallmenarecreatedequal”我们认为这些真理是不言自明的：人生来平等。ThefirstthreeArticlesintheConstitutiondefinetherolesofthreebranchesThefirsttenAmendmentsarecalledHumanRightsBillsExecutiveBranchCongressJudicialTheBalanceandcheckofThreeBranches权力平等相互制约AmericanCivilWar/WarofSecession(1861-1865)ThewarbrokeoutinApril1861withthesecessionofsouthernstatesforminganewnation---theConfederateStatesTheGettysburgvictoryin1863wastheturningpointofTheCivilWarWiththeConfederategeneralLeesurrenderonApril91865,thewarendedLincolnwasshotdeadfivedayslateronApril14The13thAmendment,whichbannedslavery,wasadoptedinDec.1865ImportantpoliciesandPlans“TheBigStick”policywasadvancedbyPresidentTheodoreRoosevelt(1901-1909).(Bigstickpolicymeansthepolicyofthreatbymilitaryforcesandextortingbywar)“TheNewDeal”PolicywasproposedbyPresidentFranklinRoosevelt(1933-1945).(“TheNewDeal”PolicyaimstodosomethingtodealwiththeGreatDepression,hopestosaveAmericandemocracyandtoovercomeeconomiccrisisofthecapitalistsystem.)“ManhattanProject”wastheprojecttostartnuclearatomicbombsin1942“MarshallPlan”/“EuropeanRecoveryProgram”wasproposedbyStateSecretaryMarshallin1947.(ItistheeconomicaidplanforWestEuropeancountries,preventingthelossofthesecountriesintotheSovietsphere.)“TrumanDoctrine”isthedoctrinepracticedbyPresidentTrumanmeaningtosupportanycountrythatsaiditwasfightingcommunism.Thedivisionofschoolsystem:Elementaryschool,highschoolA.Elementaryschool(Grade1-6)Juniorhighschool(Grade7-9)Seniorhighschool(Grade10-12)B.Elementaryschool(Grade1-8)Highschool(Grade9-12)AmericanHolidays:___isnotanationallyobservedholidayofAmerica?A.EasterSundayB.Veterans’DayC.IndependenceDayD.ChristmasThethemeofThanksgivinghasalwaysbeen______.A.friendship&happinessB.peace&plentyC.cooperation&awardD.love&happinessABThetenholidaysobservedbythecountryChristmas(12.25)NewYear’sDay(1.1)ThanksgivingDay(4thThursdayinNov.)LaborDay(1stMondayinNov.Veteran’sDay(11.11)IndependenceDay(7.4)Washington’sBirthday(3rdMondayinFeb.)ColumbusDay(2ndMondayinOct.)MemorialDay(5.30)MartinL.King’sBirthday(3rdMondayinJan.)1.HowmanycontinentalstatesarethereintheUnitedStates?A.35B.48C.13D.502.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionoftheMissi