35KV降压变电所电气部分初步设计

四川师范大学本科毕业设计石坡镇35kv降压变电所电气部分初步设计学生姓名院系名称专业名称电气工程及其自动化班级学号指导教师完成时间2014年5月13日I石坡镇35kv降压变电所电气部分初步设计电气工程及其自动化专业本科生指导教师摘要本次设计的对象是电力系统中的一个重要组成部分，变电站，它是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节，主要作用是变换和分配电能。电气主接线是变电所的主要环节，电气主接线的设计和拟定直接关系着全站电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置以及继电保护和自动装置的确定。变电站就是把一些设备组装起来，用来切断、接通、改变和调整电压。在电力系统中，变电站成了输电和配电的综合集节点。根据任务书上所给系统与线路及所有负荷的参数，计算出相应的计算负荷，并进行无功补偿。然后通过对拟建变电站的概括以及出线方向来考虑，并通过对负荷资料的分析，对安全、经济及可靠性等方面考虑，确定了35kV，10kV以及站用电的主接线，然后又通过负荷计算及供电范围确定了主变压器台数，容量及型号，同时也确定了站用变压器的容量及型号，并进行了短路电流计算，之后根据设计需要对一些配套的设备如断路器、隔离开关、互感器和熔断器等进行了选型，最后还对相应的继电保护和防雷措施进行了简单规划。从而完成了35kV降压变电所的初步设计。关键词：主接线变配电变压器IIABSTRACTSubstationisanimportantpartofthepowersystem,whichdirectlyaffectthesafetyandeconomicoperationoftheentirepowersystem,powerplantsandtheuserislinkedintermediatelinks,transformationanddistributionofelectricenergyplaysarole.mainelectricalconnectionschemeisamajorpartofthesubstation,themainelectricalconnectionschemedevelopadirectrelationshipwiththechoiceofthewholesubstationelectricalequipment,distributionequipmenttodeterminethearrangementofrelayprotectionandautomaticdevices,ispartoftheinvestmentsizeoftheelectricalsubstationdecisivefactor.Substationistoassemblesomeoftheequipmentusedtocut,turn,alteroradjustthevoltage.Inthesystem,transmissionanddistributionsubstationbecamecollectornode.Accordingtothemissionstatementofthesystemandallloadandlineparameters,calculatethecorrespondingcomputationalload,andreactivepowercompensation.Thensummarizedbytheproposedsubstationandoutletdirectiontoconsider,andthroughtheloaddataanalysis,security,economicandreliabilityconsiderations,identified35kV,10kVelectricityandthemainterminalstation,andthenthroughtheloadcalculationandpowertodeterminethescopeofthemaintransformerstationnumber,capacityandmodel,butalsotodeterminethecapacityofthetransformerstationandmodels,andtheshort-circuitcurrentcalculation,thenaccordingtothedesignneedssomeancillaryequipmentsuchascircuitbreakers,disconnectors,transformersandaselectionoffuses,etc.,andfinallythecorrespondinglightningprotectionmeasuresaresimpleandelaborate.Thuscompletingthepreliminarydesignof35kVsubstationbuck.Keyword:mainelectricalconnectionschemesubstationelectricitytransformationanddistribution目录摘要................................................................IABSTRACT...........................................................II目录1.负荷计算及无功补偿...............................................11.1负荷计算......................................................11.1.1铸铁车间I负荷计算..........................................21.1.2铸铁车间‖负荷计算..........................................21.1.3锅炉房负荷计算..............................................21.1.4空压机站负荷计算............................................21.1.5化工厂负荷计算..............................................31.1.6铸钢车间负荷计算............................................31.1.7下料车间负荷计算............................................31.1.8工具车间负荷计算............................................31.1.9锻压车间负荷计算............................................41.1.10机修车间负荷计算...........................................41.1.11住户负荷计算...............................................41.2无功功率补偿..................................................62.变电所配置、变压器和主接线的选择..................................72.1总电压变电所所址的选择........................................72.2变压器的选择..................................................82.2.1变压器的实际容量............................................82.2.2主变压器台数选择............................................92.2.3主变压器选择容量确定........................................92.2.4主变压器型号选择............................................92.2.6主变压器主要运行方式选择...................................102.3主接线选择...................................................102.3.1变电所高压侧主接线方式选择.................................102.3.2低压侧接线方式的选择.......................................112.4变电所运行方式分析...........................................113.短路电流计算.....................................................133.1计算方法确定.................................................133.1.1各有关物理量的标幺值计算公式...............................133.1.2计算电路图设定.............................................143.2架空导线的选择...............................................143.2系统各部分电抗计算...........................................163.2.1选定基准值.................................................163.2.2计算短路电路中各主要元件的电抗标幺值.......................163.3短路电流及短路容量计算汇总...................................173.3.1在最小运行方式下，各短路点短路数据计算.....................173.3.2在最大运行方式下，各短路点短路电流计算.....................204高压电气设备选择.................................................214.1断路器的选型.................................................224.1.1高压侧断路器的选择.........................................224.1.2低压侧断路器的选择.........................................234.2.隔离开关的选择...............................................244.2.1高压侧隔离开关选择.........................................244.2.2低压侧隔离开关选择.........................................254.3互感器选择...................................................254.3.1电流互感器选择.............................................254.3.2电压互感器选择.............................................264.4熔断器选择.............