types-of-sentences

TypesofSentencesTypesofsentences(I)Declarativesentences:tomakeanassertionorstatement.Interrogativesentences:toaskaquestion.Imperativesentences:toexpressacommandorarequest.Exclamatorysentences:toexpressastrongfeelingoremotionTypesofsentences(II)SimplesentenceCompoundsentenceTheheavyrainstartedsuddenly,sowestoppedplantingourtrees.MaryworksattheFamilyPlanningClinicandherhusbandSmithdoesresearchworkforthesameunit.ComplexsentenceWhileSusanwaseatingthefish,shebegantofeelsickIcheckedmypaperagainbeforeIhandedittomyprofessor.Compound-complexsentenceAfterIreturnedtoschoolfollowingalongillness,themathteachergavememake-upwork,butthehistoryteachermademedrophercourse.Typesofsentences(III)LoosesentencesPeriodicsentencesLoose:Heknewhehadlittlechanceofgettingthejob,althoughhewanteditmorethananythingelseintheworld.Periodic:Althoughhewantedthejobmorethananythingelseintheworld,heknewhehadlittlechanceofgettingit.Or:heknewthat,althoughhewantedthejobmorethananythingelseintheworld,hehadlittlechanceofgettingit.Loosesentence:themainidea(grammaticallyamainclauseorsentencebase)comefirst,andthelessimportantideasordetails(asubordinateclauseoraparentheticalphrase)follow.Periodicsentence:themainthoughtisheldsuspendeduntiltheendorneartheend,whenitissuddenlyreleased.Theperiodicsentenceisusuallyemphaticandconclusivebecausetheweightofthestatementfallsonthelong-awaitedpredication.Loose:Mr.Leeisourteacherofmathematics,andheisamusician.Periodic:Mr.Lee,ourteacherofMathematics,isamusician.(Mathematicsisamodifierhere,andthesentenceputsthestressonMusician)AsaMusician,Mr.LeeisourteacherofMathematics.(NowthemusicianisamodifierandthesentencelaidemphasisonMathematics)Loose:RichardWagnerbecameoneofthemostsuccessfulcomposersofalltimeinspiteofthejeersofhiscontemporaries.Periodic:RichardWagner,thoughjeeredatbyhiscontemporaries,becameoneofthemostsuccessfulcomposersofalltime.Theformerversionmaymakethereadersrememberthejeersratherthanthecomposer’ssuccess.Hestudiedharderwhenallotherpossiblemethodsofpassingthecourseprovedunworkable.Whenallotherpossiblemethodsofpassingthecourseprovedunworkable,hestudiedharder.ExerciseRewritethefollowingsentencessothatthefinalemphasisfallsontheideaintheclausepresentedatthebeginningofeachsentence.1.ShewasofferedaprofessionalcontractafterwinningtheOlympicgoldmedalforfigureskating,accordingtonewspaperreports.2.ThehistoryofEnglishwordsisthehistoryofourcivilizationinmanyways.3.Therehavebeenmanygreatdiscoveriesmadebyscientistsinthetwentiethcentury.PracticePleasegivemeonereasonwhyyouchooseEnglishjournalismasyourmajor.Pleasetryrespectivelywithloosesentencesandperiodicsentences.Introduceyourpersonality(oryourappearance,interestsetc.)inthreeorfoursentences.(after-classassignment)Typesofsentences(IV)ThelongsentencesTheshortsentencesLongandshortsentencesShortsentences:emphatic,clear,effective,rhythmicbeat(onpage51)Longsentences:descriptive,accuratepresentingasetofcomplex,interlockingideas(onpage52~53)Therichmanbelieveshepossesseshisbighouse,hisexpensiveclothes,hishorsesandservantsandhisbankaccounts.Hedoesnot.Hedependsonthem.Heworriesaboutthem.Theypossesshim.Heistheirslave.富人以为是他占有大屋、华服、马群、奴仆和银票。不。富人傍财而活，为财所累，被财所占，富人，财之奴也。有钱人认为他拥有大房子，昂贵的服饰，马匹，奴婢和银行存折。其实，他并没有真正拥有，他依靠着这些财富，他为财富忧心忡忡，是财富占有了他。他是财富的奴隶。AlternatingshortandlongsentencesAvoidexcessiveuseofshort,isolatedsentencesExample:PeterandCarlwalktoschool.Bonniefollowsthem.BonnieisPeter’sdog.Sheisanicedog.Shewalksatpeter’sheels.Sheturnsbackatthebutcher’sshop.Nowbonniewilltrytofindherfriends.Shemaygohome.AlternatingshortandlongsentencesPeterandCarlwalktoschool,andBonniefollowsthem.BonnieisPeter’sdog,andsheisanicedog.ShewalksatPeter’sheels,butsheturnsbackatthebutcher’sshop.NowBonniemaytrytofindherfriends,orshemaygohome.AspeterandCarlwalktoschool,peter’snicedog,Bonnie,followsthem,walkingatPeter’sheelsuntilsheturnsbackwhentheyreachthebutcher’sshop.Now,ifshedoesn'tfindherfriends,shewillgohome.AspeterandCarlwalktoschool,peter’snicedog,Bonnie,followsthem,walkingatPeter’sheels.Bonnieturnsbacktofindherfriendsatthebutcher’sshopandthengohome.Ireturnedtomyroom.Therewasanoteundermydoor.ItwasfromBill.Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob.Hehadn’tfoundanythingyet.Hewassorrytohavemissedme.WhenIreturntomyroom,IfoundanotefromBillunderthedoor.Hesaidhewasinthetownlookingforajob,buthadn’tfoundanythingyet.Headdedthathewassorrytohavemissedme.Thatdayitwasverycold.Afiercewindwasblowing.Itwassnowinghard.Withaheavysnowandafiercewind,itwasreallyacoldday.Wangstoodtherebeforeus.Hetalkedinalowvoice.Hisvoicewasearnest.Wefeltinhimsincerityanddedication.Thesequalitiesarenotcommontoordinarymen.AsWangstoodbeforeustalkinginhislowbutearnestvoice,wefeltinhimsincerityanddedicationnotcommontoordinarymen.AlternatingshortandlongsentencesThedaywasdamp.Thedaywasdismal.Thedaywascold.Itwaswinter.Theoldmanworkedallday.Heworkedinthewoods.Hediedonhiswayhome.Theoldmandiedonhiswayhomefromthewoods,wherehehadworkedallofadamp,dismal,andcoldwinterday.Afterworkingalldayinwinterwoodsthatweredamp,dismalandcold,theoldmandiedonhi