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何江在哈佛大学2016毕业典礼上的演讲(中英版+个人简介)哈佛生物系博士毕业生何江作为研究生优秀毕业生代表演讲。他是哈佛第一位享此殊荣的大陆学生。何江演讲英文版TheSpider’sBiteWhenIwasinmiddleschool,apoisonousspiderbitmyrighthand.Irantomymomforhelp—butinsteadoftakingmetoadoctor,mymomsetmyhandonfire.Afterwrappingmyhandwithseverallayersofcotton,thensoakingitinwine,sheputachopstickintomymouth,andignitedthecotton.Heatquicklypenetratedthecottonandbegantoroastmyhand.Thesearingpainmademewanttoscream,butthechopstickpreventedit.AllIcoulddowaswatchmyhandburn-oneminute,thentwominutes–untilmomputoutthefire.Yousee,thepartofChinaIgrewupinwasaruralvillage,andatthattimepre-industrial.WhenIwasborn,myvillagehadnocars,notelephones,noelectricity,notevenrunningwater.Andwecertainlydidn’thaveaccesstomodernmedicalresources.Therewasnodoctormymothercouldbringmetoseeaboutmyspiderbite.Forthosewhostudybiology,youmayhavegraspedthesciencebehindmymom’scure:heatdeactivatesproteins,andaspider’svenomissimplyaformofprotein.It’scoolhowthatfolkremedyactuallyincorporatesbasicbiochemistry,isn’tit?ButIamaPhDstudentinbiochemistryatHarvard,Inowknowthatbetter,lesspainfulandlessriskytreatmentsexisted.SoIcan’thelpbutaskmyself,whyIdidn’treceiveoneatthetime?Fifteenyearshavepassedsincethatincident.Iamhappytoreportthatmyhandisfine.Butthisquestionlingers,andIcontinuetobetroubledbytheunequaldistributionofscientificknowledgethroughouttheworld.Wehavelearnedtoeditthehumangenomeandunlockmanysecretsofhowcancerprogresses.Wecanmanipulateneuronalactivityliterallywiththeswitchofalight.Eachyearbringsmoreadvancesinbiomedicalresearch-exciting,transformativeaccomplishments.Yet,despitetheknowledgewehaveamassed,wehaven’tbeensosuccessfulindeployingittowhereit’sneededmost.AccordingtotheWorldBank,twelvepercentoftheworld’spopulationlivesonlessthan$2aday.Malnutritionkillsmorethan3millionchildrenannually.Threehundredmillionpeopleareafflictedbymalariaglobally.Allovertheworld,weconstantlyseetheseproblemsofpoverty,illness,andlackofresourcesimpedingtheflowofscientificinformation.Lifesavingknowledgewetakeforgrantedinthemodernworldisoftenunavailableintheseunderdevelopedregions.Andinfartoomanyplaces,peoplearestillessentiallytryingtocureaspiderbitewithfire.WhilestudyingatHarvard,Isawhowscientificknowledgecanhelpothersinsimple,yetprofoundways.Thebirdflupandemicinthe2000slookedtomyvillagelikeaspellcastbydemons.Ourfolkmedicinedidn’tevenhavehalf-measurestooffer.What’smore,farmersdidn’tknowthedifferencebetweencommoncoldandflu;theydidn’tunderstandthatthefluwasmuchmorelethalthanthecommoncold.Mostpeoplewerealsounawarethattheviruscouldtransmitacrossdifferentspecies.SowhenIrealizedthatsimplehygienepracticeslikeseparatingdifferentanimalspeciescouldcontainthespreadofthedisease,andthatIcouldhelpmakethisknowledgeavailabletomyvillage,thatwasmyfirst“Aha”momentasabuddingscientist.Butitwasmorethanthat:itwasalsoavitalinflectionpointinmyownethicaldevelopment,myownself-understandingasamemberoftheglobalcommunity.Harvarddaresustodreambig,toaspiretochangetheworld.HereonthisCommencementDay,weareprobablythinkingofgranddestinationsandbigadventuresthatawaitus.Asforme,Iamalsothinkingofthefarmersinmyvillage.Myexperiencehereremindsmehowimportantitisforresearcherstocommunicateourknowledgetothosewhoneedit.Becausebyusingthesciencewealreadyhave,wecouldprobablybringmyvillageandthousandslikeitintotheworldyouandItakeforgrantedeveryday.Andthat’sanimpacteveryoneofuscanmake!Butthequestionis,willwemaketheeffortornot?Morethaneverbefore,oursocietyemphasizesscienceandinnovation.Butanequallyimportantemphasisshouldbeondistributingtheknowledgewehavetowhereit’sneeded.Changingtheworlddoesn’tmeanthateveryonehastofindthenextbigthing.Itcanbeassimpleasbecomingbettercommunicators,andfindingmorecreativewaystopassontheknowledgewehavetopeoplelikemymomandthefarmersintheirlocalcommunity.Oursocietyalsoneedstorecognizethattheequaldistributionofknowledgeisapivotalstepofhumandevelopment,andworktobringthisintoreality.Andifwedothat,thenperhapsateenagerinruralChinawhoisbittenbyaspiderwillnothavetoburnhishand,butwillknowtoseekadoctorinstead.在我读初中的时候,有一次,一只毒蜘蛛咬伤了我的右手。我问我妈妈该怎么处理---我妈妈并没有带我去看医生,她而是决定用火疗的方法治疗我的伤口。她在我的手上包了好几层棉花,棉花上喷撒了白酒,在我的嘴里放了一双筷子,然后打火点燃了棉花。热量逐渐渗透过棉花,开始炙烤我的右手。灼烧的疼痛让我忍不住想喊叫,可嘴里的筷子却让我发不出声来。我只能看着我的手被火烧着,一分钟,两分钟,直到妈妈熄灭了火苗。你看,我在中国的农村长大,在那个时候,我的村庄还是一个类似前工业时代的传统村落。在我出生的时候,我的村子里面没有汽车,没有电话,没有电,甚至也没有自来水。我们自然不能轻易的获得先进的现代医疗资源。那个时候也没有一个合适的医生可以来帮我处理蜘蛛咬伤的伤口。在座的如果有生物背景的人,你们或许已经理解到了我妈妈使用的这个简单的治疗手段的基本原理:高热可以让蛋白质变性,而蜘蛛的毒液也是一种蛋白质。这样一种传统的土方法实际上有它一定的理论依据,想来也是挺有意思的。但是,作为哈佛大学生物化学的博士,我现在知道在我初中那个时候,已经有更好的,没有那么痛苦的,也没有那么有风险的治疗方法了。于是我便忍不住会问自己,为什么我在当时没有能够享用到这些更为先进的治疗方法呢?蜘蛛咬伤的事故已经过去大概十五年了。我非常高兴的向在座的各位报告一下,我的手还是完好的。但是,我刚刚提到的这个问题这些年来一直停在我的脑海中,而我也时不时会因为先进科技知识在世界上不同地区的不平等分布而困扰。现如今,我们人类已经学会怎么进行人类基因编辑了,也研究清楚了很多个癌症发生发展的原因。我们甚至可以利用一束光来控制我们大脑内神经元的活动。每年生物医学的研究都会给我们带来不一样突破和进步——其中有不少令人振奋,也极具革命颠覆性的成果。然而,尽管我们人类已经在科研上有了无数的建树,在怎样把这些最前沿的科学研究带到世界最需要该技术的地区这件事情上,我们有时做的差强人意。世界银行的数据显示,世界上大约有12%的人口每天的生活水平仍然低于2美元。营养不良每年导致三百万儿童死亡。将近3亿人口仍然受到疟疾的干扰。在世界各地,我们经常看到类似的由贫穷,疾病和自然匮乏导致的科学知识传播的受阻。现代社会里习以为常的那些救生常识经常在这些欠发达或不发达地区未能普及。于是,在世界上仍有很多地区,人们只能依赖于用火疗这一简单粗暴的方式来治理蜘蛛咬伤事故。在哈佛读书期间,我有切身体会
本文标题:何江在哈佛大学2016毕业典礼上的演讲(中英版+个人简介)
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