2018届高考二轮复习七选五(全)

2018届高考二轮复习Gapfilling《考试说明》：“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”从一篇300词左右的短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，备选项可分为三类：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）考纲解读1.读文章的开头，明确话题2.仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。3.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。（词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接）4.确定选项后，做出标记（例如可以删掉）5.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。解题步骤五个步骤解题技巧词汇衔接逻辑关系衔接篇章结构解题技巧词汇衔接1.词汇复现复现，是在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。（原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等）(2016·新课标全国卷I)Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.——Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Themessage＂Bridgeout＂wouldactuallymean＂Meetme.＂40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludedaytodayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.________Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone'sschool,family，...A．Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B．However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C．Consideradistanceeducation.D．Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.2.同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。（2012新课标I）Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.__72__Theymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.C.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysE.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.（2015新课标卷I）Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.......butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.38havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.3.代词线索代词指代前面提及的名词，利用指代关系和代词的单复数差异解题。例如it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词、可数名词单数或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these或those指代前句的复数名词。（2017全国卷II）Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40__________.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot__37__Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper.Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirtemper.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.A．Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.B．Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.C．Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.D．Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A并列关系：•First(ly),Second(ly),...；First,then/next,...；Inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing,...；then/next,finally/last......B递进关系：•too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what'smore,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso......C解释例证关系：•forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay......逻辑关系衔接D因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...E转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）,still,yet,onthecontrary,incontrast/comparison......F概况归纳关系：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup......（2015全国新课标卷I）Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened._______Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.A．Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.B．Therearethreepracticalnotetakingmethods.C．First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.1.主题句篇章结构(2016·全国Ⅱ)●____37____Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers_______.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears