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简单句其实也可以不简单,若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙地合并在一起,不但可以表达更丰富的内容,而且也使句子变得更精彩,充分显示你在英语表达上的实力。以下各句摘自近年各省市高考写作范文的高级简单句,请欣赏、熟记、模仿:1.同位语:Iwanttohaveapenfriend,hopefullyagirlinherearlytwentiesandwithinterestssimilartomine.我想有一个笔友,希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。(同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰)(全国)2.形容词短语:BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.出生于美国的托马斯·爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。(湖南)3.不定式短语:Inordertostudywell,weneedtodosports.为了学习好,我们需要做体育运动。(辽宁)4.现在分词短语:Inthispicture,amotherbirdstaysinhernestinabigtree,watchingherbabiesflyingaway.在这幅图中,一个鸟妈妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里,观看她的鸟仔飞走。(北京)5.过去分词短语:Comparedwithlettersandpublicphones,mobilephonesandtheInternetarefasterandmuchmoreconvenient.与信件和公用电话相比,手机和网络更快也更方便。(广东)6.介词短语:Insteadofgivingusanswersimmediately,heencouragesustothinkbyourselves.他鼓励我们独立思考,而不是马上告诉我们答案。(湖南)[即时练习]按括号中的提示翻译下列句子。1.我是李华,四川的一个学生。(同位语)(全国)2.与其他老师相比,摩尔先生更注意教学方法。(用过去分词短语)(湖南)I’mLiHua,astudentinSichuan.Comparedwithotherteachers,Mr.Moorepaysmoreattentiontohiswayofteaching.3.北京动物园,建于1906年,有100多年的历史了。(用过去分词短语)(北京)4.李华在公共汽车站等601公车去上学。(现在分词短语)(北京)TheBeijingZoo,builtin1906,hasahistoryofmorethan100years.LiHuawasatthebusstop,waitingforBusNo.601togotoschool.5.我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是通过考试作弊来获得好成绩。(介词短语)(福建)Westudentsshouldtrytogetgoodresultsbystudyinghardinsteadofcheatinginexaminations.6.合并句子:⑴Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.⑵Themoonisanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.Themoon,travelingroundtheearthonceeverymonth,isanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.句子的扩展,就是在名词前后加上前置或者后置定语,在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语,或者增加修饰整个句子的状语,等等。其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。我们练习句子的扩展,有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。[例1]对Themanwasfamous.(主语+系动词+表语)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.ThemannamedMikewasfamous.(划线部分为定语)b.Attheageofseventeen,themanwasveryfamousbecauseofbeinggoodatplayingpiano.(划线部分为状语)[例2]对Thestudentjumped.(主语+谓语)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.Thenaughtystudentwithglassesonhisnosejumped.(划线部分为定语)b.Hearingthegoodnews,thenaughtystudentwithglassesonhisnosejumpedwithjoyinclasswithoutanyhesitation.(划线部分为状语)[例3]ChinesearemakingChinamorepowerful.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补)一句进行扩展,可得到以下一些句子:a.Hard-workingandopen-mindedChinesearemakingChinafullofresourcesmorepowerful.(划线部分为定语)b.Withtimegoingon,hard-workingandopen-mindedChinesearemakingChinafullofresourcesmorepowerfulthanbeforeasexpected.(划线部分为状语)[即时练习]按要求对下列句子进行扩展。1.Studentsbuybooks.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句等作定语)ThediligentstudentsinourclassoftenbuysomebookswritteninEnglishonscience,whicharereallywellworthbuying.2.Studentswork.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句等作状语)Inordertoimprovetheirschoolsubjects,studentsworksohardintheclassroomthattheyforgettogooutafterclass.3.Themangavemeapen.(至少含一个不定式短语,一个现在分词短语)Inordertohelpme,theoldmanstandingovertheregavemearedpentowritewiththedaybeforeyesterday.利用以下各招可给句子润色,让句子靓起来。1.使用强调句:用do,does,did强调一般时态的谓语动词;用itis...that...强调谓语之外的各种句子成分。如:Itwasnotuntilshetookoffherglassesthatherfatherrecognizedher.直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。2.使用倒装句。如:OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.只有用这种方法我们才可以学好英语。Beforeeverythingelse,gettingreadyisthesecretofsuccess.做好准备是成功的首要秘诀。3.使用with的复合结构。如:Withthenoisegoingon,Icouldn’tgoonstudying.由于那噪音的持续,我无法继续学习。4.使用非谓语动词。如:Locatedatthesouthwestcornerofourschool,thebotanicalgardenhasanareaof1000squaremetres.校园西南角,面积1000平方米。5.恰当使用被动句。如:Aboveall,somethingmustbedonetostoppolluting.最重要的是,必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。6.使用各类从句,如使用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。7.“数词+名词”改用“asmanyas+数词+名词”。8.使用what引导的主语从句。9.适当使用插入语。如Iguess,however,inaway,certainly,inmyopinion,probably,generallyspeaking,believeitornot,besides,what’smore等。[即时练习]使用上述润色技巧,合并或改写下列句子。1.IrealizedtheimportanceofEnglishwhenIenteredseniorhighschool.(强调句)2.Wecanliveahappylifeonlybythismeans.(倒装)ItwaswhenIenteredseniorhighschoolthatIrealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.Onlybythismeanscanweliveahappylife.3.Hefellasleep.Thelightswerestillon.(with结构)4.WhenIheardthat,Iwasmuchmoved.(非谓语动词)Hefellasleepwiththelightson.Hearingthat,Iwasmuchmoved.5.Theycarriedoutasurveyamong260students.(被动语态)6.Theywerefacedwithmanyproblems.Theydidn’tloseheart.(非谓语动词)Asurveywascarriedoutamong260students.Facedwithmanyproblems,theydidn’tloseheart.7.Itwasgettingdark.Anditbegantorain.(插入语)8.Heworkedveryhard.Hemadegreatprogressinhisstudy.(改为复合句)Itwasgettingdark.Whatwasworse,itbegantorain.Heworkedsohardthathemadegreatprogressinhisstudy.9.HeofferedmeapieceofadvicethatIshouldcheerupandstartalloveragain.(what引导的主语从句)10.Igotonabus.Therewerealreadytoomanypeopleonit.(定语从句)WhatheofferedmewasapieceofadvicethatIshouldcheerupandstartalloveragain.Igotonabusonwhichtherewerealreadytoomanypeople.11.50%ofthestudentssurveyedchoosesuperstarsastheiridols.(强调数字)Asmanyas50%ofthestudentssurveyedchoosesuperstarsastheiridols.有时为了使句子的连贯性更强,表达也更为贴切、自然,我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and,but,or(或者,否则),for(因为),while(而,却),when(就在这个时候)等并列连词,就成为并列复合句。如:⑴Ouroutdooractivitywilllast3hours.We’llbebackatabout11o’clock→Ouroutdooractivitywilllast3hoursandwe’llbebackatabout11o’clock.⑵Youmusthurry.You’llmisstheplane.→Youmusthurryoryou’llmisstheplane.⑶Honeyissweet.Thebeestings.→Honeyissweetbutthebeestings.在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when,after,as,because,where,which,who等从属连词,可以使简单句变成复合句,从而扩展成主从复合句。如:⑴Iforgottoposttheletter.Iwroteityesterday.(改为含定语从句的复合句)→Iforgottoposttheletterwh
本文标题:英语作文高级句型
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