macbeth_麦克白__英文ppt

TheauthorWilliamShakespeare(1564---1616)isanEnglishpoetandplaywrightwidelyregardedasthegreatestwriterinEnglandandtheworld’spreeminentdramatist.HeisoftencalledEngland’snationalpoet.HehasarepresentativeofthefourmajortragediesandMacbethisoneofthem.plotThefirstactoftheplayopenedamidstthunderandlightningwiththeThreeWitchesdecidingthattheirnextmeetingshallbewithMacbeth.Inthefollowingscene,awoundedsergeantreportedtoKingDuncanofScotlandthathisgenerals–Macbeth,andBanquo–hadjustdefeatedthealliedforcesofNorwayandIreland.Macbeth,theKing‘skinsman,waspraisedforhisbraveryandfightingprowess.Thescenechanged.MacbethandBanquoentered,discussingtheweatherandtheirvictory.Astheywanderedontoaheath,theThreeWitchesappeared,whohadwaitedtogreetthemwithprophecies（预言）.ThefirstwitchhailedMacbethas“ThaneofGlamis”,thesecondas“ThaneofCawdor”,andthethirdproclaimedthathewouldbeKinghereafter.Macbethappearedtobestunnedtosilence.ThewitchesinformedBanquothathewouldfatheralineofkings,thoughhehimselfwillnotbeone.Whilethetwomenwonderingattheseprophecies,thewitchesvanished.AmessengerfromtheKingarrivedandinformedMacbethofhisnewlybestowedtitle:ThaneofCawdor.Thefirstprophecywasfulfilled.Immediately,Macbethbegantoharbourambitionsofbecomingking.Macbethwrotetohiswifeaboutthewitches’prophecies.WhenDuncandecidedtocomeandstayatMacbeth’scastle,LadyMacbethmadeaplanwithMacbethtomurderhimandsecurethethrone.AlthoughMacbethshowedworriesabouttheregicide（弑君）,LadyMacbetheventuallypersuadedhim.Onthenightoftheking’svisit,MacbethkilledDuncan.Thedeedwasnotseenbytheaudience.AndthenDuncan’ssonsfled.MacbethbecamethenewKingofScotlandasakinsman(亲戚）ofthedeadking.Despitehissuccess,MacbethremaineduneasyabouttheprophecyaboutBanquo.SoMacbethinvitedBanquotomeethim,andwantedtokillhim.Aftertheassassins（刺客）killedBanquo,thebanquetbegan.Atthebanquet（宴会）,Banquo’sghostenteredandsatinMacbeth’splace.OnlyMacbethcouldseethespectre（幽灵）MacbethalsokilledMacduff’swifeandchildrenandmanyotherpeople.Stepbystep,Macbethhaddegeneratedintoatyrant.Underthementalpressure,Macbeth’swifecommitedherselfsuicide.MacbethalsoexperiencedakindofmentaldisturbanceandhauntedbytheinvolvedpeopleofScotlandwhoweregroaningunderhisyokeandlongingforliberation.Intheend,Macbeth’isolationbecamecomplete.Ashiscastlewassurroundedbythearmies,Macbethwasreducedtoatrappedanimalandmethisfinaldoom.Malcolmwonthekingship.SomepersonalanalysesMacbethbecameoneofthemostinhumanmonsterswhoeverlived.Buthedidn’tstartoutthatway.Somethingcreatedaninhumanmonsteroutofsomeonewhostartedoutasawarherodefendinghisnation.Macbethbelievedallwashisdestiny.Butinmyopinion,thetruthisthathewantedtobelievewhatthewitchessaidwastrue,andactedaccordingtowhattheytoldhim.Manyreasonsleadtothistragicending.TheprophesyofthewitchesisthefusewhicharouseMacbeth’swickedintention.Macbeth’swifeisanotherreason.Sheiscruelandinhuman.WhenMacbethhesitated,itwasshethatpersuadedhimtobedetermined.Inordertohelpherhusbandtousurpthethroneintheprocess,sheshowedastongwill.Macbeth’stragicfatealreadycannotavoid.ButactuallyitisMacbeththatleadhimselftosuchending.Thehorriblepictureofsocietyandsocialatmospherereflecttheessenceofthattime.Theauthorexposedextremeindividualismandanti-humanity,criticizedthelustintherealworld,affirmedthehumanistprincipleofbeneficenceandconscience.What’smore,desireisterribleinsomeways.Ifitisnotrestrained,itwillmakeapersonbecomeavillainandleadtotheselfdestruction.Thenharmthecountryandthepeople.conclusionMacbethisthelastofthefourtragedieswrittenbyShakespeare,ShakespearedepictedhowMacbeth,whowasonceapowerfulhero,sankintoatyrantbringingcalamitytothecountryandpeople.Thestoryreflectedhisindividualambitionandlustforpower,whichdestroyedhumannatureandshowedustheessenceofanti-humanitycausedbytheextremeindividualism.